IZA Discussion Papers

published in: Elsner, B. and Polachek, S.W. (eds.), Big Data Applications in Labor Economics, Part A (Research in Labor Economics, 52A), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, 2024, 161-211

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16542

No Longer Qualified? Changes in the Supply and Demand for Skills within Occupations

Alicia Sasser Modestino, Mary A. Burke, Shahriar Sadighi, Rachel Sederberg, Tomere Stern, Bledi Taska

This version: February 2025.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16334

Information and the Formation of Inflation Expectations by Firms: Evidence from a Survey of Israeli Firms

Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Rafi Melnick, Ari Kutai

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16333

Outside Options and Worker Motivation

Alexander Ahammer, Matthias Fahn, Flora Stiftinger

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16302

C-Sections, Obesity, and Health-Care Specialization: Evidence from Mexico

Catalina Herrera-Almanza, Fernanda Marquez-Padilla, Silvia Prina

published in: World Bank Economic Review, 2024, 38 (1), 139 - 160

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16261

When Are Employers Interested in Electronic Performance Monitoring? Results from a Factorial Survey Experiment

Luisa Wieser, Martin Abraham, Claus Schnabel, Cornelia Niessen, Mauren Wolff

slightly revised version published as 'Employers’ Muted Interest in Electronic Performance Monitoring (EPM)' in: S. Pfeiffer et al. (eds.), Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelten, SpringerNature. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2024, 181-202

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16131

How Do Political Connections of Firms Matter during an Economic Crisis?

Yutong Chen, Gaurav Chiplunkar, Sheetal Sekhri, Anirban Sen, Aaditeshwar Seth

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16122

Labour Costs and the Decision to Hire the First Employee

Bart Cockx, Sam Desiere

published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 170, 104859

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16083

Employers' Demand for Personality Traits

Vera Brenčič, Andrew McGee

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16062

The Pandemic Push: Digital Technologies and Workforce Adjustments

Christina Gathmann, Christian Kagerl, Laura Pohlan, Duncan H.W. Roth

revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102541

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16011

Trade Liberalization, Economic Activity, and Political Violence in the Global South: Evidence from PTAs

Francesco Amodio, Leonardo Baccini, Giorgio Chiovelli, Michele Di Maio

published in: Economic Policy, 2024, 39 (118), 275–322

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15903

Globalization and Firm Performance

Luis A. V. Catão, Pedro de Faria, António Martins, Miguel Portela

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15779

Investment Grants and Firms' Productivity: How Effective Is a Grant Booster Shot?

Fernando Alexandre, Miguel Chaves, Miguel Portela

published in: Small Business Economics, 2025, 64, 1601–1641

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15762

Creative Disruption: Technology Innovation, Labour Demand and the Pandemic

Erling Barth, Alex Bryson, Harald Dale-Olsen

forthcoming in: Economica

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15716

Revenue Drift, Incentives, and Effort Allocation in Social Enterprises

Theodor Vladasel, Simon C. Parker, Randolph Sloof, Mirjam C. van Praag

published in: Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 2024, 33 (3), 630 - 651

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15668

Investment Tax Credits and the Response of Firms

Adrian Lerche

published in: American Economic Review, 2025, 115 (8), 2781–2818

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15667

The Effect of Low-Skill Immigration Restrictions on US Firms and Workers: Evidence from a Randomized Lottery

Michael A. Clemens, Ethan Gatewood Lewis

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15543

Nautical Patrol and Illegal Fishing Practices

Stephen Kastoryano, Ben Vollaard

published in: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2023 122, 102881.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15540

Working from Home Around the World

Cevat Giray Aksoy, José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Mathias Dolls, Pablo Zarate

published in: Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Fall 2022, 281–330

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15529

Dynamics of First-Time Patenting Firms

Øivind Anti Nilsen, Arvid Raknerud

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15440

Finance, Informal Competition, and Expectations: A Firm-Level Analysis

Emanuele Brancati, Michele Di Maio, Aminur Rahman

published in: World Development, 2024, 173, 106408

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15392

How Do Insurers Price Medical Malpractice Insurance?

Bernard Black, Jeffrey Traczynski, Victoria Udalova

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15385

The Shift to Remote Work Lessens Wage-Growth Pressures

José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Brent Meyer, Emil Mihaylov

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15361

Can the Labor Demand Curve Explain Job Polarization?

Andreas Peichl, Martin Popp

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15343

Corporate Training and Skill Gaps: Did COVID-19 Stem EU Convergence in Training Investments?

Konstantinos Pouliakas, Patricia Wruuck

also available as: European Investment Bank (EIB) Economics Working Papers 2022/07

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15264

Who Benefits from Firm Success? Heterogenous Rent Sharing in New Zealand

Corey Allan, David C. Maré

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15043

Managers' Risk Preferences and Firm Training Investments

Marco Caliendo, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Harald Pfeifer, Arne Uhlendorff, Caroline Wehner

published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 161, 104616

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15020

Would Broadening the UI Tax Base Help Low-Income Workers?

Mark Duggan, Audrey Guo, Andrew C. Johnston

published in: AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2022, 112, 107–111

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15014

Firm Pay Dynamics

Niklas Engbom, Christian Moser, Jan Sauermann

published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2023, 233 (1), 396 - 423

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14892

Short-Term Impacts of Targeted Cash Grants and Business Development Services: Experimental Evidence from Entrepreneurs in Burkina Faso

Michael Grimm, Sidiki Soubeiga, Michael Weber

published as 'Supporting small firms in a fragile context: Comparing matching and cash grants in Burkina Faso' in: Journal of Development Economics, 2024, 171.103344.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14889

R&D Plans, Expectations, and Uncertainty: Evidence from the COVID-19 Shock in Italy

Emanuele Brancati

published in: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2023, 67, 303-318

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14839

Formalized Employee Search and Labor Demand

Lukas Hensel, Tsegay Tekleselassie, Marc J. Witte

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14803

The Market for CEOs: Building Legacy and Feeling Empowered Matter

Arnaud Dupuy, John Kennes, Ran Sun Lyng

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14764

Do Workers Share in Firm Success? Pass-through Estimates for New Zealand

Corey Allan, David C. Maré

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14705

Project Aid and Firm Performance

Silvia Marchesi, Tania Masi, Saumik Paul

published online as 'Aid Projects and Firm Performance' in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2024

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14683

Who Benefits from Tax Incentives? The Heterogeneous Wage Incidence of a Tax Credit

Clément Carbonnier, Clément Malgouyres, Loriane Py, Camille Urvoy

published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2022, 206, 104577

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14474

Does Compliance with Financial Fair Play Rules Improve the Football Clubs' Sport Performance and Their Chances to Reach UEFA Competitions?

Pedro Garcia-del-Barrio, Pablo Agnese

published as 'To comply or not to comply? How a UEFA wage-to-revenue requirement might affect the sport and managerial performance of soccer clubs' in: Managerial and Decision Economics, 2023, 44 (2), 767 - 786

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14383

Signals from On High and the Power of Growth Mindset: A Natural Field Experiment in Attracting Minorities to High-Profile Positions

Jeffrey A. Flory, Andreas Leibbrandt, Christina Rott, Olga B. Stoddard

published as 'Leader Signals and 'Growth Mindset': A Natural Field Experiment in Attracting Minorities' to High-Profile Position' in: Management Science, 2024, 70 (8), 4953 - 4973

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14131

Passthrough of Firm Performance to Income and Employment Stability

Jonas Maibom, Rune Majlund Vejlin

published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 214, 30 - 43

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13909

Organised Labour, Labour Market Imperfections, and Employer Wage Premia

Sabien Dobbelaere, Boris Hirsch, Steffen Müller, Georg Neuschaeffer

substantially revised version published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2024, 77 (3), 396 - 427

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13898

Workplace Incentives and Organizational Learning

Francesco Amodio, Miguel A. Martinez-Carrasco

published in: Journal of Labor Economics 2023, 41 (2), 453-478

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13773

Why Are Africa's Female Entrepreneurs Not Playing the Export Game? Evidence from Ghana

Charles G. Ackah, Holger Görg, Aoife Hanley, Cecília Hornok

published as 'Africa’s Businesswomen – Underfunded or Underperforming?' in: Small Business Economics, 2024, 62 (3), 1051-1074

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13708

Access to Finance among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Job Creation in Africa

Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye, Urbain Thierry Yogo

published in: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2020, 55, 177 - 189

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13645

Uncertainty and Firms' Labour Decisions. Evidence from European Countries

Alberto Urtasun, Marta Martínez Matute

published in: Journal of Applied Economics, 2022, 25 (1), 220 - 241

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13568

Demand or Supply? Price Adjustment during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Almut Balleer, Sebastian Link, Manuel Menkhoff, Peter Zorn

published as 'Demand or Supply? Price Adjustment Heterogeneity during the Covid-19 Pandemic' in: International Journal of Central Banking, 2024, 20 (1), 93-158, 2024.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13486

Assessing the Role of Women in Tourism Related Sectors in the Caribbean

Francesco Pastore, Allan Webster, Kevin Hope

published in: International Journal of Tourism Research, 2021, 23 (3), 378-400

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13457

Sudden Stop: When Did Firms Anticipate the Potential Consequences of COVID-19?

Lukas Buchheim, Carla Krolage, Sebastian Link

published in: German Economic Review, 2022, 23 (1), 79-119

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13419

A Firm Scientific Community: Industry Participation and Knowledge Diffusion

Stefano Baruffaldi, Felix Poege

published online as 'Like Stars: How Firms Learn at Scientific Conferences' in: Management Science, 24 May 2025

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13410

The Effects of EU-Funded Enterprise Grants on Firms and Workers

Balázs Muraközy, Álmos Telegdy

published in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2023, 51 (1), 216-234

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13330

The Finance of Unemployment Compensation and its Consequence for the Labor Market

Audrey Guo, Andrew C. Johnston

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13285

Management Practices, Worker Commitment, and Workplace Representation

John T. Addison, Paulino Teixeira

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13253

Firm-level Expectations and Behavior in Response to the COVID-19 Crisis

Lukas Buchheim, Jonas Dovern, Carla Krolage, Sebastian Link

published as 'Sentiment and Firm Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2022, 195, 185 - 198

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13117

Unemployment-Insurance Taxes and Labor Demand: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Administrative Data

Andrew C. Johnston

published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2021, 13 (1), 266 - 293

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13072

Induced Innovation: Evidence from China's Secondary Industry

Belton M. Fleisher, William H. McGuire, Xiaojun Wang, Min Qiang Zhao

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13017

Technical Progress and Induced Innovation in China: A Variable Profit Function Approach

Gary Wong, Belton M. Fleisher, Min Qiang Zhao, William H. McGuire

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12970

Do Financial Constraints Affect the Composition of Workers in a Firm?

Robert Breunig, Diana Hourani, Sasan Bakhtiari, Elisabetta Magnani

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12936

Financial Constraints and Small and Medium Enterprises: A Review

Sasan Bakhtiari, Robert Breunig, Elisabetta Magnani, Yinjunjie (Jacquelyn) Zhang

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12840

Inputs, Incentives, and Self-Selection at the Workplace

Francesco Amodio, Miguel A. Martinez-Carrasco

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12793

Direct and Indirect Effects of Subsidized Dual Apprenticeships

Bruno Crépon, Patrick Premand

published online in: Review of Economic Studies, rdae094, 10 October 2024

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12479

Open Labor Markets and Firms’ Substitution between Training Apprentices and Hiring Workers

Manuel Aepli, Andreas Kuhn

revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 70, 101979

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12305

The Effect of Employment Protection on Firms' Worker Selection

Sebastian Butschek, Jan Sauermann

published online in: Journal of Human Resources, 09 May 2022

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12214

Firms and Wage Inequality in Central and Eastern Europe

Iga Magda, Jan Gromadzki, Simone Moriconi

published in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2021, 49 (2), 499 - 552

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12159

Local Norms Describing the Role of the State and the Private Provision of Training

Andreas Kuhn, Jürg Schweri, Stefan C. Wolter

revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 75, 102226

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12036

Does "Network Closure" Beef up Import Premium?

Alessio Muscillo, Paolo Pin, Tiziano Razzolini, Francesco Serti

substantially revised version published in: Social Networks, 2023, 73, 89-103.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12007

Real Estate Prices and Corporate Investment: Theory and Evidence of Heterogeneous Effects across Firms

Denis Fougère, Rémy Lecat, Simon Ray

published in: Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2019, 51(6), 1503-1546

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11747

Employment Adjustments Following Rises and Reductions in Minimum Wages: New Insights from a Survey Experiment

Mario Bossler, Michael Oberfichtner, Claus Schnabel

published in: Labour, 2020, 34 (3), 323-346

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11668

Bribes vs. Taxes: Market Structure and Incentives

Francesco Amodio, Jieun Choi, Giacomo De Giorgi, Aminur Rahman

published in: Journal of Comparative Economics 2022, 50 (2), 435-453

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11662

High-Growth Entrepreneurship

J. David Brown, John S. Earle, Mee Jung Kim, Kyung Min Lee

published as 'Start-Ups, Job Creation, and Founder Characteristics' in: Industrial and Corporate Change, 2019, 28 (6), 1637–1672

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11521

Using Social Connections and Financial Incentives to Solve Coordination Failure: A Quasi-Field Experiment in India's Manufacturing Sector

Farzana Afridi, Amrita Dhillon, Sherry Xin Li, Swati Sharma

published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2020, 144, 102445

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11479

Organisational Accreditation and Worker Upskilling in Britain

Getinet Astatike Haile

published as 'Organisational accreditation, workforce training and perceptions of performance' in: Industrial Relations Journal, 2021, 52 (4), 291-314

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11401

Resource Misallocation in European Firms: The Role of Constraints, Firm Characteristics and Managerial Decisions

Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Debora Revoltella, Jan Svejnar, Christoph T. Weiss

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11257

Heterogeneous Effects of Credit Constraints on SMEs' Employment: Evidence from the Great Recession

David Cornille, François Rycx, Ilan Tojerow

published as 'Heterogeneous Effects of Credit Constraints on SME's Employment: Evidence from the European Sovereign Debt Crisis' in : Journal of Financial Stability, 2019, 41, 1-13

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11253

Why Does Emissions Trading under the EU ETS Not Affect Firms' Competitiveness? Empirical Findings from the Literature

Eugénie Joltreau, Katrin Sommerfeld

published in: Climate Policy, 2019, 19 (4), 453-471

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10819

Security, Trade, and Political Violence

Francesco Amodio, Leonardo Baccini, Michele Di Maio

published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2021, 19 (1), 1-37

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