The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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17,514 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17020
Putting Low Emission Zone (LEZ) to the Test: The Effect of London's LEZ on Education
Antonio Avila-Uribe, Sefi Roth, Brian Shields
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17019
Cognition, Economic Decision-Making, and Physiological Response to Indoor Carbon Dioxide: Does It Really Matter?
Stefan Flagner, Thomas Meissner, Steffen Künn, Piet Eichholtz, Nils Kok, Rick Kramer, Wouter van Marken-Lichtenbelt, Cynthia Ly, Guy Plasqui
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17018
Family and Career: An Analysis across Europe and North America
Luis Guirola, Laura Hospido, Andrea Weber
published online in: Fiscal Studies, 28 June 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17017
News, Emotions, and Policy Views on Immigration
Elena Manzoni, Elie Murard, Simone Quercia, Sara Tonini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17016
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation
Riccardo Marchingiglio, Mikhail Poyker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17015
SAFE to Update Inflation Expectations? New Survey Evidence on Euro Area Firms
Ursel Baumann, Annalisa Ferrando, Dimitris Georgarakos, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Timo Reinelt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17014
A Hands-on Machine Learning Primer for Social Scientists: Math, Algorithms and Code
Nikos Askitas
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17013
Can Reminders Promote Regular Pro-Environmental Behavior? Experimental Evidence from Peru
Hanna Fuhrmann-Riebel, Ben D'Exelle, Kristian López Vargas, Sebastian Tonke, Arjan Verschoor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17012
The Relationship between Social Capital and Migrant Integration, Ethnic Diversity, and Spatial Sorting
Matthew Roskruge, Jacques Poot
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17011
Ambient Air Pollution and Helping Behavior: Evidence from the Streets in Beijing
Simon Chang, Ishita Chatterjee, Li Yu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17010
The Modification of Social Space as a Tool for Lowering Social Stress
Oded Stark
published in: Economics & Human Biology. 2024, 53, 101349
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17009
Young versus Old Politicians in Local Politics
Thushyanthan Baskaran, Zohal Hessami, Sebastian Schirner
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2024, 225, 88-106
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17008
Modernizing Smallholder Agriculture and Achieving Food Security: An Exploration in Machinery Services and Labor Reallocation in China
Baoling Zou, Ashok K. Mishra
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17007
Ideological Alignment and Evidence-Based Policy Adoption
Jorge Garcia-Hombrados, Marcel Jansen, Ángel Martínez, Berkay Özcan, Pedro Rey-Biel, Antonio Roldán-Monés
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17006
Proud to Belong: The Impact of Ethics Training on Police Officers in Ghana
Donna Harris, Oana Borcan, Danila Serra, Henry Telli, Bruno Schettini, Stefan Dercon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17005
The Demise of Works Councils in Germany
Susanne Kohaut, Claus Schnabel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17004
Delegation in Hiring: Evidence from a Two-Sided Audit
Bo Cowgill, Patryk Perkowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17003
The Role of Technological Change in the Evolution of the Employment to Output Elasticity
Pablo Egana-delSol, Alejandro Micco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17002
The Merger of Populations as a Revision of Comparison Space: Repercussions for Social Stress and Income Inequality
Oded Stark, Wiktor Budzinski
published in: Economics Letters, 2024, 237, 111585
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17001
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Female Labor Force Participation in Iran
Hai-Anh H Dang, Djavad Salehi-Isfahani, Minh N.N. Do
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17000
Monitoring and Prudence
Luca Beltrametti, Gabriele Cardullo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16999
Monopsony and Local Religious Clubs: Evidence from Indonesia
Peter Brummund, Michael D. Makowsky
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16998
Identifying Peer Effects in Networks with Unobserved Effort and Isolated Students
Aristide Houndetoungan, Cristelle Kouame, Michael Vlassopoulos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16997
Children's Residential Proximity, Spousal Presence and Dementia Risk
Zhuoer Lin, Xuecheng Yin, Becca R. Levy, Yue Yuan, Xi Chen
published online as 'Association of Children's Residential Proximity and Spousal Presence with Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment' in: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14 May 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16996
Sailing Through History: The Legacy of Medieval Sea Trade On Migrant Perception and Extreme Right Voting
Anna Bottasso, Gianluca Cerruti, Maurizio Conti, Marta Santagata
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16995
Biological, Behavioural and Spurious Selection on the Kidney Transplant Waitlist
Stephen Kastoryano
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16994
School Equalization in the Shadow of Jim Crow: Causes and Consequences of Resource Disparity in Mississippi Circa 1940
David Card, Leah Clark, Ciprian Domnisoru, Lowell J. Taylor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16993
Soft Skills, Competition, and Hiring Discrimination
Christian Valencia, Sarah Janzen, Yashodhan Ghorpade, Amanina Abdur Rahman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16992
The Adoption of ChatGPT
Anders Humlum, Emilie Vestergaard
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16991
What Works for Working Couples? Work Arrangements, Maternal Labor Supply, and the Division of Home Production
Ludovica Ciasullo, Martina Uccioli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16990
Effects of Mandatory Residencies on Female Physicians' Specialty Choices: Evidence from Japan's New Medical Residency Program
Tsunao Okumura, Yuko Ueno, Emiko Usui
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 90, 102566
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16989
Dictatorship, Higher Education, and Social Mobility
María Angélica Bautista, Felipe González, Luis R. Martinez, Pablo Muñoz, Mounu Prem
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16988
On the Effects of Wildfires on Poverty in Bolivia
Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza, Alejandro Puerta-Cuartas, Andrey Ramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16987
The Dire Consequences of Untamed Population Growth in the Netherlands
Joop Hartog
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16986
Stable Matching on the Job? Theory and Evidence on Internal Talent Markets
Bo Cowgill, Jonathan Davis, B. Pablo Montagnes, Patryk Perkowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16985
Navigating Educational Disruptions: The Gender Divide in Parental Involvement and Children's Learning Outcomes
Matías Ciaschi, Johanna Fajardo-Gonzalez, Mariana Viollaz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16984
Discrimination in the General Population
Silvia Angerer, Hanna Brosch, Daniela Glätzle-Rützler, Philipp Lergetporer, Thomas Rittmannsberger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16983
Do Grow-Your-Own Programs Work? Evidence from the Teacher Academy of Maryland
David Blazar, Wenjing Gao, Seth Gershenson, Ramon Goings, Francisco Lagos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16982
Informal Social Interactions, Academic Achievement and Behavior: Evidence from Peers on the School Bus
Matthew A. Lenard, Mikko Silliman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16981
Do Empty Beds Cause Cesarean Deliveries?
Florian Bachner, Martin Halla, Gerald J. Pruckner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16980
Half Empty and Half Full? Women in Economics and the Rise in Gender-Related Research
Francisca M. Antman, Kirk Doran, Xuechao Qian, Bruce A. Weinberg
forthcoming in: AEA Papers and Proceedings
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16979
Demographic Diversity and Economic Research: Fields of Specialization and Research on Race, Ethnicity, and Inequality
Francisca M. Antman, Kirk Doran, Xuechao Qian, Bruce A. Weinberg
forthcoming in: AEA Papers and Proceedings
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16978
The Design of Insurance Contracts for Home versus Nursing Home Long-Term Care
Claire Borsenberger, Helmuth Cremer, Denis Joram, Jean-Marie Lozachmeur, Estelle Malavolti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16977
The Parental Wage Gap and the Development of Socio-Emotional Skills in Children
Paul Hufe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16976
Business Education and Portfolio Returns
Adam Altmejd, Thomas Jansson, Yigitcan Karabulut
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16975
The Rank of Socioeconomic Status within a Class and the Incidence of School Bullying and School Absence
Atsushi Inoue, Ryuichi Tanaka
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 101, 102545
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16974
Examining the Long-Run Impacts of Racial Terror with Data on Historical Lynchings of Mexicans in Texas
Francisca M. Antman, Brian Duncan
forthcoming in: AEA Papers and Proceedings
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16973
The Economic Consequences of Being Widowed by War: A Life-Cycle Perspective
Sebastian Till Braun, Jan Stuhler
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 239, 16973
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16972
Artificial Intelligence and the Skill Premium
David E. Bloom, Klaus Prettner, Jamel Saadaoui, Mario Veruete
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16971
COVID-19 Lockdown, Home Environment, Lifestyles, and Mental Health among Preschoolers in China
Yuting Zhang, Jin Zhao, Zhangsheng Yu, Guanghai Wang, Jun Zhang, Fan Jiang, Saishuang Wu, Yue Zhang, Donglan Zhang, Xi Chen
published in: Children and Youth Services Review, 2024, 161, 107654
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16970
How Do Oil Prices Affect the GDP and Its Components? New Evidence from a Time-Varying Threshold Model
Leila Ben Salem, Ridha Nouira, Sami Saafi, Christophe Rault
revised version published in: Energy Policy, 2024, 190, 114162
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16969
Integrating Minorities in the Classroom: The Role of Students, Parents, and Teachers
Alexandra de Gendre, Krzysztof Karbownik, Nicolás Salamanca, Yves Zenou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16968
DACA, Mobility Investments, and Economic Outcomes of Immigrants and Natives
Jimena Villanueva Kiser, Riley Wilson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16967
Is Poverty Reduction in Europe Doomed? Conjectures, Facts and a Cautiously Optimistic Conclusion
Ive Marx, Henri Haapanala, Sarah Marchal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16966
Changing Fertility and Heterogeneous Motherhood Effects: Revisiting the Effects of a Parental Benefits Reform
Bernd Fitzenberger, Arnim Seidlitz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16965
The Effect of Ukrainian Refugees on the Local Labour Markets: The Case of Czechia
Agnieszka Postepska, Anastasiia Voloshyna
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16964
The Devil Is in the Details: Heterogeneous Effects of the German Minimum Wage on Working Hours and Minijobs
Mario Bossler, Ying Liang, Thorsten Schank
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16963
Can Awareness Reduce (and Reverse) Identity-Driven Bias in Judgement? Evidence from International Cricket
Subhasish M Chowdhury, Sarah Jewell, Carl Singleton
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2024, 226, 106697.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16962
The Effect of Conflict on Refugees' Return and Integration: Evidence from Ukraine
Joop Adema, Cevat Giray Aksoy, Yvonne Giesing, Panu Poutvaara
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16961
Forced Displacement, Mental Health, and Child Development: Evidence from the Rohingya Refugees
Asadul Islam, Tanvir Ahmed Mozumder, Tabassum Rahman, Tanvir Shatil, Abu Siddique
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16960
Loud or Quiet Quitting? The Influence of Work Orientations on Effort and Turnover
Milena Nikolova
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16959
Is There Really a Child Penalty in the Long Run? New Evidence from IVF Treatments
Petter Lundborg, Erik Plug, Astrid Würtz Rasmussen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16958
Geographic Inequalities in Accessibility of Essential Services
Vanda Almeida, Claire Hoffmann, Sebastian Königs, Ana Isabel Moreno-Monroy, Mauricio Salazar-Lozada, Javier Terrero-Dávila
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16957
Does Vocational Education Pay off in China? Evidence from City-Level Education Supply Shocks
Li Dai, Pedro S. Martins
published in: Economic Modelling, 140, 106863, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16956
Public and Parental Investments, and Children's Skill Formation
Miriam Gensowski, Rasmus Landersø, Philip Dale, Anders Hojen, Laura Justice, Dorthe Bleses
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16955
Are Parents an Obstacle to Gender-Atypical Occupational Choices?
Stefan C. Wolter, Thea Zöllner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16954
Honesty of Groups: Effects of Size and Gender Composition
Gerd Muehlheusser, Timo Promann, Andreas Roider, Niklas Wallmeier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16953
Birth Order in the Very Long-Run: Estimating Firstborn Premiums between 1850 and 1940
Angela Cools, Jared Grooms, Krzysztof Karbownik, Siobhan O'Keefe, Joseph Price, Anthony Wray
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16952
Who Cares about Investing Responsibly? Attitudes and Financial Decisions
Alberto Montagnoli, Karl Taylor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16951
Impact of Temporary Migration on Long-Run Economic Development: The Legacy of the Sent-down Youth Program
Tue Gorgens, Xin Meng, Guochang Zhao
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16950
What Works in Supporting Women-Led Businesses?
Diego Ubfal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16949
Sick of Your Poor Neighborhood? Quasi-Experimental Evidence on Neighborhood Effects on Health
Linea Hasager, Mia Jørgensen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16948
The Political Economy of AI: Towards Democratic Control of the Means of Prediction
Maximilian Kasy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16947
On the Post-Enlightenment Evolution of Moral Universalism
Michael Jetter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16946
The Rate of Return to Early Childhood Education in Japan: Estimates from the Nationwide Expansion
Hideo Akabayashi, Ryuichi Tanaka
published in: Education Economics, 2024, 32 (5), 581-598
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16945
Students' Grit and Their Post-compulsory Educational Choices and Trajectories: Evidence from Switzerland
Janine Albiez, Maurizio Strazzeri, Stefan C. Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16944
Algorithmic Bias and Racial Inequality: A Critical Review
Maximilian Kasy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16943
Loopholes and the Incidence of Public Services: Evidence from Funding Career & Technical Education
Thomas Goldring, Brian A. Jacob, Daniel Kreisman, Michael D. Ricks
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16942
Time of Change: Health Effects of Motherhood
Fabian T. Dehos, Marie Paul, Wiebke Schäfer, Karolin Süß
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16941
Do Female–Owned Employment Agencies Mitigate Discrimination and Expand Opportunity for Women?
Jennifer Hunt, Carolyn Moehling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16940
Partial Legalization and Parallel Markets: The Effect of Lawful Crossing on Unlawful Crossing at the US Southwest Border
Michael A. Clemens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16939
COVID-19 and Political Preferences through Stages of the Pandemic: The Case of the Czech Republic
Alena Bičáková, Štepán Jurajda
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16938
Meritocracy across Countries
Oriana Bandiera, Ananya Kotia, Ilse Lindenlaub, Christian Moser, Andrea Prat
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16937
Game Changer: Impact of a Reading Intervention on Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills
Micole De Vera, Javier Garcia-Brazales, Luz Rello
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16936
Demography, Human Capital Investment, and Lifetime Earnings for Women and Men
Joyce P. Jacobsen, Melanie Khamis, Mutlu Yuksel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16935
The Externalities of Immigration Policies on Migration Flows: The Case of an Asylum Policy
Lucas Guichard, Joël Machado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16934
Labor Market Externalities of Pre-retirement Employment Protection
Paweł Chrostek, Krzysztof Karbownik, Michal Myck
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16933
Religiosity and Crime: Evidence from a City-Wide Shock
Wang-Sheng Lee, Umair Khalil, David W. Johnston
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16932
The Big Shift in Working Arrangements: Eight Ways Unusual
Steven J. Davis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16931
Keeping It in the Family: Student to Degree Match
Richard J. Murphy, Pedro Luís Silva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16930
Long-Term Effects of Shocks on New Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship
Emilio Congregado, Frank M. Fossen, Nicola Rubino, David Troncoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16929
International Immigration and Labor Regulation
Adam Levai, Riccardo Turati
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16928
Disparate Pathways: Understanding Racial Disparities in Teaching
David Blazar, Max Anthenelli, Wenjing Gao, Ramon Goings, Seth Gershenson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16927
Estimating the Lifecycle Fertility Consequences of WWII Using Bunching
Esmée Zwiers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16926
Financial Literacy and Financial Education: An Overview
Tim Kaiser, Annamaria Lusardi
forthcoming in: Oxford Handbook of Banking (eds. Berger et al.)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16925
Urban Redevelopment Program and Demand Externality
Daiji Kawaguchi, Keisuke Kawata, Chigusa Okamoto
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16924
Do Reemployment Bonuses Increase Employment? Evidence from the Idaho Return to Work Bonus Program
Duncan Hobbs, Michael R. Strain
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16923
Do Caseworker Meetings Prevent Unemployment? Evidence from a Field Experiment
Pia Homrighausen, Michael Oberfichtner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16922
Flood Risk and Insurance Take-up in the Flood Zone and Its Periphery
Ivan Petkov, Francesc Ortega
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16921
War, International Spillovers, and Adolescents: Evidence from Russia's Invasion of Ukraine in 2022
Thomas Siedler, Silke Anger, Bernhard Christoph, Agata Galkiewicz, Shushanik Margaryan, Frauke Peter, Malte Sandner
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2024, 224, 181-193
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