IZA Discussion Papers

published as 'Going green while getting lean: Decomposing carbon and total factor green productivity' in: Journal of Environmental Management, 2024, 352, 120046.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15770

Moving up the Social Ladder? Wages of First- and Second-Generation Immigrants from Developing Countries

Kevin Pineda-Hernández, François Rycx, Mélanie Volral

forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2025

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15736

The Impact of Immigration and Integration Policies On Immigrant-Native Labor Market Hierarchies

Martin Guzi, Martin Kahanec, Lucia Mýtna Kureková

published in: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2023, 49 (16), 4169–4187

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15702

Occupational Tasks and Wage Inequality in Germany: A Decomposition Analysis

Miriam Koomen, Uschi Backes-Gellner

published in: Labour Economics, 2022, 79, 102284

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15532

Gender, Motivation, and Self-Selection into Teaching

Francesca Barigozzi, Jaai Parasnis, Massimiliano Tani

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15505

Much Ado about Nothing? School Curriculum Reforms and Students' Educational Trajectories

Maurizio Strazzeri, Chantal Oggenfuss, Stefan C. Wolter

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15325

Days of Work over a Half Century: The Rise of the Four-Day Week

Daniel S. Hamermesh, Jeff E. Biddle

published in: ILR Review, 2025, 78 (1), 37-61

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15287

Financial Literacy Amongst Young People: When Does the Gender Gap Begin?

Alison Preston, Robert E. Wright

published as 'When Does the Gender Gap in Financial Literacy Begin?' in: Economic Record, 2024, 100 (328), 44-73

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15284

Accounting for Firms in Ethnicity Wage Gaps throughout the Earnings Distribution

Van Phan, Carl Singleton, Alex Bryson, John Forth, Felix Ritchie, Lucy Stokes, Damian Whittard

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15253

A Study of the Chinese Gender Gap in Financial Literacy

Alison Preston, Lili Qiu, Robert E. Wright

published as 'Understanding the gender gap in financial literacy: The role of culture' in: Journal of Consumer Affairs, 2024, 58 (1), 146-176

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15250

Gender, Financial Literacy and Pension Savings

Alison Preston, Robert E. Wright

published in: Economic Record, 2023, 99 (324), 58-83

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15178

Universal Credit: Welfare Reform and Mental Health

Mike Brewer, Thang Dang, Emma Tominey

published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2024, 98, 102940

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15048

What's the Risk from Competing? Competition Aversion and the Gender Wage Gap

Chung Choe, SeEun Jung, Ronald L. Oaxaca

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15028

Selection and the Distribution of Female Hourly Wages in the U.S.

Iván Fernández-Val, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella, Franco Peracchi

published as 'Selection and the distribution of female real hourly wages in the United States' in: Quantitative Economics, 2023, 14 (2), 571-607

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14906

The Gender Application Gap: Do Men and Women Apply for the Same Jobs?

Jonas Fluchtmann, Anita Marie Glenny, Nikolaj Harmon, Jonas Maibom

published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2024, 16 (2), 182–219

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14819

Redistributive Effect and the Progressivity of Taxes and Benefits: Evidence for the UK, 1977-2018

Nicolas Herault, Stephen P. Jenkins

published in: Journal of Income Distribution, 2022, 31 (3 - 4), 10 - 45

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14696

Wage Differences According to Workers' Origin: The Role of Working More Upstream in GVCs

Valentine Fays, Benoît Mahy, François Rycx

published in: Labor, 2023, 37 (2), 319-342

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14276

The Changing Distribution of the Male Ethnic Wage Gap in Great Britain

Ken Clark, Steve Nolan

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14190

Occupational Mobility of Routine Workers

Terhi Maczulskij

published in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2024, 86,(5), 1198 - 1229

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14177

The Gender Pay Gap in UK Medicine

Melanie K. Jones, Ezgi Kaya

published as 'The gender pay gap in medicine: evidence from Britain' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2024, 76 (4), 1033 - 1051

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14110

The Gender Wage Gap Among University Vice Chancellors in the UK

Ray Bachan, Alex Bryson

published in: Labour Economics, 2022, 78, 102230

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13786

Tax-Benefit Systems and the Gender Gap in Income

Karina Doorley, Claire Keane

published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024, 22, 285 - 309

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13536

The Labour Market for Native and International PhD Students: Similarities, Differences, and the Role of (University) Employers

Massimiliano Tani

published in: Journal for Labour Market Research, 2022, 56, 20 (2022)

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13517

Overconfidence and Gender Differences in Wage Expectations

Stephanie Briel, Aderonke Osikominu, Gregor Pfeifer, Mirjam Reutter, Sascha Satlukal

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13421

Inequality of Opportunity in Bodyweight among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese: A Distributional Approach

Peng Nie, Lanlin Ding, Andrew M. Jones

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13339

Decomposing Poverty in Hard Times: Greece 2007-2016

Eirini Andriopoulou, Eleni Kanavitsa, Panos Tsakloglou

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13318

The Gender Pay Gap: What Can We Learn from Northern Ireland?

Melanie K. Jones, Ezgi Kaya

published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2022, 74 (1), 94–114

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13292

Ex Ante Inequality of Opportunity in Health among the Elderly in China: A Distributional Decomposition Analysis of Biomarkers

Lanlin Ding, Andrew M. Jones, Peng Nie

published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2022, 68 (4), 922-950

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13288

Understanding the Rising Trend in Female Labour Force Participation

Nicolas Herault, Guyonne Kalb

published in: Fiscal Studies, 2022, 43 (4), 341-363.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13232

A Methodological Rejoinder to 'Does income relate to health due to psychosocial or material factors?'

Oded Stark, Marcin Jakubek

published in: Social Science & Medicine, 2020, 259, 112829

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13044

Long-Term Evolution of Inequality of Opportunity

Maurizio Bussolo, Daniele Checchi, Vito Peragine

published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2023, 21, 277 - 323

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13016

Hours Worked and the U.S. Distribution of Real Annual Earnings 1976–2016

Iván Fernández-Val, Franco Peracchi, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella

published in: Journal of Applied Economics, 2024, 39 (4), 659 - 678

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12950

Decomposing US Income Inequality à La Shapley: Race Matters, but Gender Too

Frédéric Chantreuil, Kévin Fourrey, Isabelle Lebon, Therese Rebiere

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12941

Former Homeland Areas and Unemployment in South Africa: A Decomposition Approach

Prudence Magejo, Miracle Benhura, Gibson Mudiriza

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12792

Parental Inputs and Socio-Economic Gaps in Early Child Development

Lindsey Macmillan, Emma Tominey

published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2023, 36, 1513–1543

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12681

Accounting for Differences in Female Labor Force Participation between China and India

Mehtabul Azam, Luyi Han

published in: B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2020, 20(2), 20190302

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12499

Entrepreneurship over the Business Cycle in the United States: A Decomposition

Frank M. Fossen

revised version published in: Small Business Economics, 2021, 57, 1837-1855

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12404

Transitioning Towards More Equality? Wealth Gender Differences and the Changing Role of Explanatory Factors over Time

Eva Sierminska, Daniela Piazzalunga, Markus M. Grabka

published as 'Women’s Labour Market Attachment and the Gender Wealth Gap' in: B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy,2024, 24 (4), 1045-1071.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12154

Are Sufficient Statistics Necessary? Nonparametric Measurement of Deadweight Loss from Unemployment Insurance

David S. Lee, Pauline Leung, Christopher J. O'Leary, Zhuan Pei, Simon Quach

published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2021, 39 (S2), S455-S506.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12131

Employment Discrimination against Indigenous Peoples in the United States: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Patrick Button, Brigham Walker

published in: Labour Economics, 2020, 65, 101851.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12070

Inequality of Opportunity in Education: Accounting for the Contributions of Sibs, Schools and Sorting across East Africa

Paul Anand, Jere R. Behrman, Hai-Anh H Dang, Sam Jones

published as 'Decomposing Learning Inequalities in East Africa: How Much Does Sorting Matter?' in: World Bank Economic Review, 2022, 36 (1), 219-243

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12044

Decomposing Real Wage Changes in the United States

Iván Fernández-Val, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12041

Average Gaps and Oaxaca's Blinder Decompositions: A Cautionary Tale about Regression Estimates of Racial Differences in Labor Market Outcomes

Tymon Sloczynski

published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2020, 73 3), 705–729

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12027

Teaching, Gender and Labour Market Incentives

David Carroll, Jaai Parasnis, Massimiliano Tani

revised version published as 'Why do women become teachers while men don't?' in: B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 2021, 21 (2), 793-823

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12026

Do Female Managers Help to Lower Within-Firm Gender Pay Gaps? Public Institutions vs. Private Enterprises

Iga Magda, Ewa Cukrowska-Torzewska

published as 'Do Women Managers Lower Gender Pay Gaps? Evidence from Public and Private Firms' in: Feminist Economics, 2019, 25 (4), 185 - 210

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12026

Do Female Managers Help to Lower Within-Firm Gender Pay Gaps? Public Institutions vs. Private Enterprises

Iga Magda, Ewa Cukrowska-Torzewska

published as 'Do Women Managers Lower Gender Pay Gaps? Evidence from Public and Private Firms' in: Feminist Economics, 2019, 25 (4), 185 - 210

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12013

Wage Differentials by Bargaining Regime in Spain (2002-2014): An Analysis Using Matched Employer-Employee Data

Raul Ramos, Esteban Sanromá, Hipólito Simón

published in: Journal of Policy Modeling, 2022, 44 (2), 375-395

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11998

Decomposing the Exporter Wage Gap: Selection or Differential Returns?

Jonas Ehn Bødker, Jonas Maibom, Rune Majlund Vejlin

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11959

International Migration and the Distribution of Income in New Zealand Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Areas

Omoniyi Alimi, David C. Maré, Jacques Poot

published in: New Zealand Economic Papers, 2022, 56 (3), 272-295

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11708

Socio-Economic Inequalities in Tobacco Consumption of the Older Adults in China: A Decomposition Method

Yafei Si, Zhongliang Zhou, Min Su, Xiao Wang, Dan Li, Dan Wang, Shuyi He, Zihan Hong, Xi Chen

published in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018, 15 (7), 1466

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11654

My Choice: Female Contraceptive Use Autonomy in Bangladesh

Niels-Hugo Blunch

published in: Feminist Economicy, 2019, 25 (4), 68-93

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11530

Just like a Woman? New Comparative Evidence on the Gender Income Gap across Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Niels-Hugo Blunch

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11530

Just like a Woman? New Comparative Evidence on the Gender Income Gap across Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Niels-Hugo Blunch

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11440

Demographic Change and the European Income Distribution

Mathias Dolls, Karina Doorley, Alari Paulus, Hilmar Schneider, Eric Sommer

published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2019, 17 (3), 337 - 357

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11439

Inequality in EU Crisis Countries: How Effective Were Automatic Stabilisers?

Tim Callan, Karina Doorley, Michael Savage

published in: Fiscal Studies, 2021, 42 (2), 319-343

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11295

Identifying Age Penalty in Women's Wages: New Method and Evidence from Germany 1984-2014

Joanna Tyrowicz, Lucas van der Velde, Irene van Staveren

published in: Feminist Economics, 2018, 24 (4), 108-130

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11260

Explaining the Gender Test Score Gap in Mathematics: The Role of Gender Inequality

Z. Eylem Gevrek, Christian Neumeier, Deniz Gevrek

published in: Economics of Education Review, 2020, 76 (3), 1-31

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11160

Poverty's Deconstruction: Beyond the Visible

Sumon K. Bhaumik, Ira N. Gang, Myeong-Su Yun

published in: R. Lensink, S. Sjogren, C. Wihlborg (eds): Paths for Sustainable Economic Development, Gothenburg, 2017, 81 - 96

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11122

Revisiting Interregional Wage Differentials: New Evidence from Spain with Matched Employer-Employee Data

Inés P. Murillo Huertas, Raul Ramos, Hipólito Simón

published in: Journal of Regional Science, 2020, 60 (2), 296-347

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11045

The Gender Wage Gap among College Graduates in Italy

Daniela Piazzalunga

published in: Italian Economic Journal, 2018, 4 (1), 33-90

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11045

The Gender Wage Gap among College Graduates in Italy

Daniela Piazzalunga

published in: Italian Economic Journal, 2018, 4 (1), 33-90

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11006

Inequality and Poverty in Greece: Changes in Times of Crisis

Eirini Andriopoulou, Alexandros Karakitsios, Panos Tsakloglou

published in: D. Katsikas, D. A. Sotiropoulos, M. Zafiropoulou (eds.), Socioeconomic Fragmentation and Exclusion in Greece under the Crisis, 2018

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10933

The Gender Wage Gap in Europe: Job Preferences, Gender Convergence and Distributional Effects

Paul Redmond, Seamus McGuinness

published in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2019, 81 (3), 564 - 587

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10915

Analyzing Wage Differentials by Fields of Study: Evidence from Turkey

Antonio Di Paolo, Aysit Tansel

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10762

Global Earnings Inequality, 1970–2015

Olle Hammar, Daniel Waldenström

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10530

Identification and Decompositions in Probit and Logit Models

Chung Choe, Seeun Jung, Ronald L. Oaxaca

published in: Empirical Economics, 2020, 59, 1479–1492 .

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10523

Native-Migrant Differences in Trading Off Wages and Workplace Safety

Anna D’Ambrosio, Roberto Leombruni, Tiziano Razzolini

substantially revised version published as 'Trading off wage for workplace safety? Gaps between immigrants and natives in Italy' in Economia Politica, 2022, 39, 903–960

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10424

Glass Ceiling Effect in Urban China: Wage Inequality of Rural-Urban Migrants during 2002-2007

Zhaopeng (Frank) Qu, Zhong Zhao

published in: China Economic Review, 2017, 42, 118-144

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10392

Growth with Equity: Income Inequality in Vietnam, 2002–14

Dwayne Benjamin, Loren Brandt, Brian McCaig

published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2017, 15, 25 - 46

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10355

The Evolution of Multiple Jobholding in the U.S. Labor Market: The Complete Picture of Gross Worker Flows

Etienne Lalé

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10157

Wage Decompositions Using Panel Data Sample Selection Correction

Ronald L. Oaxaca, Chung Choe

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9931

The Increase of the Gender Wage Gap in Italy during the 2008-2012 Economic Crisis

Daniela Piazzalunga, Maria Laura Di Tommaso

published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2019, 17 (2), 171–193

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9909

An Oaxaca Decomposition for Nonlinear Models

Stephen Bazen, Xavier Joutard, Brice Magdalou

published in: Journal of Economics and Social Measurement, 2017, 42 (2), 101-121

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9893

Developments in Undernutrition in Indian Children Under Five: A Decompositional Analysis

Peng Nie, Anu Rammohan, Wencke Gwozdz, Alfonso Sousa-Poza

published as 'Changes in Child Nutrition in India: A Decomposition Approach' in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16 (10), 1815

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9793

Disentangling Neighborhood Effects in Person-Context Research: An Application of a Neighborhood-Based Group Decomposition

Matt Vogel, Maarten van Ham

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9736

Differences in Job De-Routinization in OECD Countries: Evidence from PIAAC

Sara de la Rica, Lucas Gortazar

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9722

Why Are Fewer Married Women Joining the Work Force in India? A Decomposition Analysis over Two Decades

Farzana Afridi, Taryn Dinkelman, Kanika Mahajan

published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2018, 31 (3), 783-818

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9698

Deconstructing Theories of Overeducation in Europe: A Wage Decomposition Approach

Seamus McGuinness, Konstantinos Pouliakas

published in: S.W. Polachek et al. (eds.): Skill Mismatch in Labor Markets (Research in Labor Economics, 45) , 2017, 81 - 127

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9688

Parental Influences on Health and Longevity: Lessons from a Large Sample of Adoptees

Mikael Lindahl, Evelina Björkegren, Mårten Palme, Emilia Simeonova

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9660

When Do Gender Wage Differences Emerge? A Study of Azerbaijan's Labor Market

Francesco Pastore, Sarosh Sattar, Nistha Sinha, Erwin R. Tiongson

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9510

Firm Productivity Growth and Skill

David C. Maré, Dean R. Hyslop, Richard Fabling

published in: New Zealand Economic Papers, 2017, 51 (3), 302-326

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9381

An Alternative Estimator for Industrial Gender Wage Gaps: A Normalized Regression Approach

Myeong-Su Yun, Eric S. Lin

published in: Pacific Economic Review, 2015, 20(4), 569-587

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9271

A Detailed Decomposition Analysis of the Public-Private Sector Wage Gap in South Africa

Prudence Magejo, Miracle Benhura

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9231

Bound To Lose, Bound To Win? The Financial Crisis and the Informal-Formal Sector Earnings Gap in Serbia

Niels-Hugo Blunch

published in: IZA Journal of Labor and Development, 2015, 4:13

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9231

Bound To Lose, Bound To Win? The Financial Crisis and the Informal-Formal Sector Earnings Gap in Serbia

Niels-Hugo Blunch

published in: IZA Journal of Labor and Development, 2015, 4:13

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9221

Sources of the Union Wage Gap: Results from High-Dimensional Fixed Effects Regression Models

John T. Addison, Pedro Portugal, Hugo Vilares

revised version published as 'Union Membership Density and Wages: The Role of Worker, Firm, and Job-Title Heterogeneity' in: Journal of Econometrics. 2023, 233 (2), 612-632.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9176

The Effect of Income on Mortality: New Evidence for the Absence of a Causal Link

Alexander Ahammer, Thomas Horvath, Rudolf Winter-Ebmer

published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A, 2017, 180 (3), 793 - 816

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9132

Cognitive, Non-Cognitive Skills and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data in Bangladesh

Christophe Jalil Nordman, Leopold Sarr, Smriti Sharma

published as 'Skills, Personality Traits and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Bangladesh' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2019, 71(3), 687-708

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9106

Number of Siblings and Educational Choices of Immigrant Children: Evidence from First- and Second-Generation Immigrants

Dominique Meurs, Patrick A. Puhani, Friederike von Haaren

published in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2017, 15 (4), 1137–1158