The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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4,430 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18293
Good-for-Nothing Entrepreneurs: Capitalism and Democratic Decline in the West
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18282
Economic Consequences of Political Persecution (updated research)
Radim Bohacek, Michal Myck
This Discussion Paper updates and extends the analysis presented in IZA DP 11136.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18275
Ethnic Wage Differences in Aotearoa New Zealand
David C. Maré, Thomas Benison
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18273
Designing Effective Interventions
Sebastian Riedmiller, Matthias Sutter, Sebastian Tonke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18270
The Stability of Self-Control in Unstable Times
Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Anthony Lepinteur, Giorgia Menta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18266
Direct Democracy and Political Extremism
Nicolas Schreiner, Alois Stutzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18265
The Evolution of Hours Worked and the Gender Wage Gap: Theory and Evidence from Four Countries
Daniele Checchi, Daniel Kreisman, Cecilia García-Peñalosa
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18261
Immigration, Identity Choices, and Cultural Diversity
Yasmine Elkhateeb, Riccardo Turati, Jérôme Valette
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18257
Rating Government Procurement Markets
Tatyana Deryugina, Alminas Zaldokas, Anastassia Fedyk, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, James Hodson, Ilona Sologoub
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18252
Women’s Empowerment in Times of Conflict: Evidence from Yemen
Phoebe W. Ishak, Alia Aghajanian, Yashodhan Ghorpade
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18251
Uncovering the Biological Toll of Neighborhood Disorder Trajectories: New Evidence Using Machine Learning Methods and Biomarkers in Older Adults
Jiao Yu, Thomas K.M. Cudjoe, Walter S. Mathis, Xi Chen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18250
Cisterns for Life: Climate Adaptation Policies for Water Provision and Rural Lives
Yuri Barreto, Diogo Britto, Bladimir Carrillo, Daniel Da Mata, Lucas Emanuel, Breno Sampaio
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18239
Foreign Accents and Employer Beliefs: Experimental Evidence on Hiring Discrimination
Elisa Taveras, Ozlem Tonguc, Maria Zhu, Nicola Miller
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18233
The (In)effectiveness of Targeted Payroll Tax Reductions
Alessandra Fenizia, Nicholas Y. Li, Luca Citino
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18226
Stereotypes, Awareness, and STEM Major Choice
Maria De Paola, Patrizia Ordine, Giuseppe Rose
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18223
Unequal Expression: Social Position, APOE Genotype and Risk of Dementia
José M. Aravena, Xi Chen, Becca R. Levy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18222
Does Local Diversity Affect Charitable Giving?
Baris Yörük
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18217
Exclusionary Government Rhetoric and Migration Intentions
Pawel Adrjan, Jan Gromadzki
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18216
Firm Productivity and Ethnic Wages
David C. Maré, Richard Fabling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18210
A Change Is Gonna Come: Universality, Stability, and Shocks in Personality Traits in Rural India
Arnaud Natal, Christophe Jalil Nordman
forthcoming in: The Journal of Development Studies, 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18209
Gender Identity, Norms, and Happiness
Natalia Danzer, Rachel Kranton, Piotr Larysz, Claudia Senik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18206
Firms and Ethnic Wage Differences
David C. Maré, Richard Fabling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18202
Labor Markets as Human Ecosystems: The Insider-Outsider Theory Reconsidered
Dennis J. Snower
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18201
Minimum Unit Pricing, Alcohol Consumption and Infant Health: Evidence from the Alice Springs Liquor Supply Plan
Steve Guthridge, Stefanie Schurer, Paige J. Taylor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18190
Income Taxation Across Countries
Xincheng Qiu, Nicolo Russo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18189
Public Gains, Private Strains: Public Investment and Private Schooling in Peru
Sonja Fagernäs, Diego de la Fuente Stevens, Panu Pelkonen, Juan Manuel del Pozo Segura
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18187
Working from Home and Mental Health: Giving Employees a Choice Does Make a Difference
Uwe Jirjahn, Cinzia Rienzo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18182
Economic Development in the 21st Century
Carmel U. Chiswick
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18181
Performance Pay and Happiness: Work vs. Home?
Mehrzad B. Baktash, John S. Heywood, Uwe Jirjahn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18179
In Pursuit of the Green Transition—Electricity at Any Cost?
Per Fahlén, Magnus Henrekson, Mats Nilsson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18176
The Immediate and Lasting Effects of Heat Waves On Workers
Hannah Klauber, Nicolas Koch, Nico Pestel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18167
Ageing, Health and Predicting Future Employment Exits: A Penalised Regression Approach
Apostolos Davillas, Andrew M. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18153
Beyond Collective Agreements: The Rise of the Wage Cushion in Germany
André Rieder, Claus Schnabel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18151
COVID-19 Induced Asian Discrimination and Health: What Can We Learn from Reported Health Status?
Abdihafit Shaeye, Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18147
Covariate Balancing and the Equivalence of Weighting and Doubly Robust Estimators of Average Treatment Effects
Tymon Sloczynski, Derya Uysal, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18141
Gender Identity Norms, Mental Health, and Relationship Strain
David W. Johnston, Rachel Knott, Nidhiya Menon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18139
Upholding Unions – How Colleagues Shape Union Membership?
Harald Dale-Olsen, Henning Finseraas, Kristine Nergaard, Elin Svarstad
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18136
Sailing Through Troubled Waters: Evidence from Support Discontinuities to Firms in Times of Crisis
Ana Martins, João Pereira dos Santos, Fernando Pozzobon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18134
Vocational Education, Earnings and Job Satisfaction in Europe
Seamus McGuinness, Lorcan Kelly, Anne Devlin, Adele Whelan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18133
Developing a New European Indicator of Potential Skill Shortages
Seamus McGuinness, Elisa Staffa, Sangwoo Lee, Lorcan Kelly, Paul Redmond
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18125
Board Gender Diversity and Workforce Composition, Compensation, and Retention for U.S. Publicly Traded Firms
Tanya Byker, Sara Malik, Elena Patel, Jason Sandvik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18122
Social Risk, Fairness Types, and Redistribution
Stefania Bortolotti, Felix Kölle, Ivan Soraperra, Matthias Sutter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18116
On the Road to Better Life? Rural Road and Economic Development in Albania
Santosh Kumar Gautam, Ermal Ilirjani, Patralekha Ukil
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18115
Strategic Responses to Disparities in Spousal Desired Fertility: Experimental Evidence from Rural Tanzania
Catalina Herrera-Almanza, Aine Seitz McCarthy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18113
The Heterosis Effect in Human Capital and Wealth Accumulation
Chen Zhu, Petri Böckerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18108
Location Matters: Insights from a Natural Field Experiment to Enhance Small Business Tax Compliance in Indonesia
Sarah Dong, Agung Satyadini, Mathias Sinning
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18106
Earnings Responses to Social Security Contributions: Evidence from Older Workers in Canada
Adam M. Lavecchia, James Stutely
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18102
Demand for Green Skills in an Evolving Landscape
Esther Arenas-Arroyo, Jacob Fabian, Friederike Mengel, Bernhard Schmidpeter, Michel Serafinelli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18099
Political Views and College Choices in a Polarized America
Riley Acton, Emily E. Cook, Paola Ugalde Araya
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18096
Unfair Chances and Labor Supply
Nickolas Gagnon, Kristof Bosmans, Arno Riedl
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