IZA Discussion Papers

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11862

Mostly Harmless Simulations? On the Internal Validity of Empirical Monte Carlo Studies

Arun Advani, Toru Kitagawa, Tymon Sloczynski

published as 'Mostly Harmless Simulations? Using Monte Carlo Studies for Estimator Selection' in: Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2019, 34(6), 893–910

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11807

The Timing of Instruction Time: Accumulated Hours, Timing and Pupil Achievement

Paul Bingley, Eskil Heinesen, Karl Fritjof Krassel, Nicolai Kristensen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11797

Quasi-Experimental Methods in Environmental Economics: Opportunities and Challenges

Olivier Deschenes, Kyle C. Meng

published in: Handbook of Environmental Economics, 2018, Volume 4, 285-332

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11746

Heterogeneous Layoff Effects of the US Short-Time Compensation Program

Marlon R. Tracey, Solomon Polachek

published in: Labour, 2020, 34 (4), 399-426

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11684

The Golden Middle Class Neighborhood: Trends in Residential Segregation and Consequences for Offspring Outcomes

Simen Markussen, Knut Røed

revised version published as 'Are Richer Neighborhoods Always Better for the Kids?' in: Journal of Economic Geography, 2023, 23 (3), 629–651

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11649

Innovating for the Better? The Role of Advocacy Group Work Experience for Employee Pay

Christoph Grimpe, Ulrich Kaiser, Wolfgang Sofka

published as 'Signalling valuable human capital: Advocacy group work experience and its effect on employee pay in innovative firms' in: Strategic Management Journal, 2019, 40(4), 685-70;

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11648

Was Higher Education a Major Channel through which the US Became an Economic Superpower in the 20th Century?

Adam Cook, Isaac Ehrlich

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11611

Immigration, Housing Rents, and Residential Segregation: Evidence from Syrian Refugees in Turkey

Binnur Balkan, Elif Ozcan Tok, Huzeyfe Torun, Semih Tumen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11560

Regression Discontinuity and Heteroskedasticity Robust Standard Errors: Evidence from a Fixed-Bandwidth Approximation

Otávio Bartalotti

published in: Journal of Econometric Methods, 2019, 8 (1), 20160007.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11547

A Double Machine Learning Approach to Estimate the Effects of Musical Practice on Student's Skills

Michael C. Knaus

published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 2021, 184(1), 282-300

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11340

Distributional Effects of Welfare Reform for Young Adults: An Unconditional Quantile Regression Approach

Øystein Hernaes

published in: Labour Economics, 2020, 65, 101818

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11294

Nonseparable Sample Selection Models with Censored Selection Rules: An Application to Wage Decompositions

Iván Fernández-Val, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11169

Mobility Assistance Programmes for Unemployed Workers, Job Search Behaviour and Labour Market Outcomes

Marco Caliendo, Steffen Künn, Robert Mahlstedt

substantially revised version available as IZA DP No. 15011

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11138

Including Covariates in the Regression Discontinuity Design

Markus Frölich, Martin Huber

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11136

Economic Consequences of Political Persecution

Radim Bohacek, Michal Myck

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11090

Preventing NEETs during the Great Recession: The Effects of a Mandatory Activation Program for Young Welfare Recipients

Emile Cammeraat, Egbert L. W. Jongen, Pierre Koning

published in: Empirical Economics, 2022, 62, 749-777

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11025

The Context-Bound University Selectivity Premium

Joniada Milla

published in: Review of Economic Analysis, 2018, 10, 313 - 349 [open access]

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10988

Labour Supply and Informal Care Supply: The Impacts of Financial Support for Long-Term Elderly Care

Bruce Hollingsworth, Asako Ohinata, Matteo Picchio, Ian Walker

revised version published as 'The Impacts of Free Universal Elderly Care on the Supply of Informal Care and Labour Supply' in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 84 (4), 933 - 960

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10961

Heterogeneous Employment Effects of Job Search Programmes: A Machine Learning Approach

Michael C. Knaus, Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter

published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2022, 57 (2), 597-636

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10905

Behavioral Responses and Welfare Reform: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment

Robert Paul Hartley, Carlos Lamarche

published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 54, 135-151

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10895

Going after the Addiction, Not the Addicted: The Impact of Drug Decriminalization in Portugal

Sónia Félix, Pedro Portugal, Ana Tavares

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10885

Using Tax Deductions to Promote Lifelong Learning: Real and Shifting Responses

Wiljan Van den Berge, Egbert L. W. Jongen, Karen van der Wiel

published as 'The effects of a tax deduction for lifelong learning expenditures' in: International Tax and Public Finance, 2022, 30, 729 - 756

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10867

Assessing the Impact of a Minimum Income Scheme in the Basque Country

Sara de la Rica, Lucía Gorjón

published as 'Assessing the impact of a minimum income scheme: the Basque Country case' in: SERIEs, 2019, 10, 251 - 280

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10801

Regression Discontinuity Design with Continuous Measurement Error in the Running Variable

Laurent Davezies, Thomas Le Barbanchon

published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2017, 200 (2), 260 - 281

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10766

The Effects of Youth Labor Market Reforms: Evidence from Italian Apprenticeships

Andrea Albanese, Lorenzo Cappellari, Marco Leonardi

published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2021, 73 (1), 98 - 121

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10730

Under Heavy Pressure: Intense Monitoring and Accumulation of Sanctions for Young Welfare Recipients in Germany

Gerard J. van den Berg, Arne Uhlendorff, Joachim Wolff

revised version published as 'The impact of sanctions for young welfare recipients on transitions to work and wages and on dropping out" in: Economica, 2022, 89 (535), 1-28

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10676

Returns to Postgraduate Education in Portugal: Holding on to a Higher Ground?

Andre Almeida, Hugo Figueiredo, João Cerejeira, Miguel Portela, Carla Sá, Pedro N. Teixeira

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10670

The Structure of the Wage Gap for Temporary Workers: Evidence from Australian Panel Data

Inga Laß, Mark Wooden

published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2019, 57(3), 453-478.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10648

A Framework for Separating Individual Treatment Effects from Spillover, Interaction, and General Equilibrium Effects

Martin Huber, Andreas Steinmayr

pusblished in: Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 2021, 39 (2), 422 - 436

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10551

Historical Roots of Political Extremism: The Effects of Nazi Occupation of Italy

Nicola Fontana, Tommaso Nannicini, Guido Tabellini

published in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2023, 51, 723-743

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10532

Practical Procedures to Deal with Common Support Problems in Matching Estimation

Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter

published in: Econometric Reviews, 2019, 38 (2), 193-207

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10491

Determinants of Obesity in Turkey: A Quantile Regression Analysis from a Developing Country

Deniz Karaoğlan, Aysit Tansel

published in: Bogazici University Journal, 2019, 32 (2), 174-184.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10473

Estimation and Inference for Actual and Counterfactual Growth Incidence Curves

Francisco H. G. Ferreira, Sergio Firpo, Antonio F. Galvao

published in: Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2019, 34, 385-402

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10429

Research Design Meets Market Design: Using Centralized Assignment for Impact Evaluation

Atila Abdulkadiroglu, Joshua Angrist, Yusuke Narita, Parag A. Pathak

published in: Econometrica, 2017, 85 (5), 1373-1432

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10404

Labor Supply Elasticities: Overcoming Nonclassical Measurement Error Using More Accurate Hours Data

Garry F. Barrett, Daniel S. Hamermesh

published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2019, 54 (1), 255 - 265

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10186

Residential Choices of Young Americans

Eleonora Patacchini, Tiziano Arduini

published in: Journal of Housing Economics, 2016, 34, 69 - 81

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10158

Does Temporary Interruption in Postsecondary Education Induce a Wage Penalty? Evidence from Canada

Bernard Fortin, Safa Ragued

published in: Economics of Education Review, 2017, 58, 108 - 122

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10108

Viewpoint: Estimating the Causal Effects of Policies and Programs

Jeffrey A. Smith, Arthur Sweetman

published in: Canadian Journal of Economics, 2016, 49 (3), 871–905.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10004

The Effects of Compulsory Military Service Exemption on Education and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

Huzeyfe Torun, Semih Tumen

published in: Economics of Education Review, 2016, 54, 16-35

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9993

Evaluating the Impact of the Post-2008 Employment Subsidy Program in Turkey

Binnur Balkan, Yusuf Soner Baskaya, Semih Tumen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9990

Inference in Regression Discontinuity Designs with a Discrete Running Variable

Michal Kolesár, Christoph Rothe

published in: American Economic Review, 2018, 108 (8), 2277 - 2304

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9989

The Value of Knowing the Propensity Score for Estimating Average Treatment Effects

Christoph Rothe

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9938

Resampling and Bootstrap to Assess the Relevance of Variables: A New Algorithmic Approach with Applications to Entrepreneurship Data

José Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, Miguel Lafuente, José Alberto Molina, Jorge Velilla

published as 'Resampling and bootstrap algorithms to asses the relevance of variables: applications to cross-section entrepreneurship data' in: Empirical Economics, 2019, 56, 233-267

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9933

Commuting Time and Sex Ratios in the US

José Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, José Alberto Molina, Jorge Velilla

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9927

The Family Peer Effect on Mothers' Labour Supply

Cheti Nicoletti, Kjell G. Salvanes, Emma Tominey

published in: American Economics Journal: Applied Economics; 2018, 10 (3), 206 - 234

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9922

Community-Based Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Spending in Africa: Evidence from Rwanda

Andinet Woldemichael, Daniel Zerfu Gurara, Abebe Shimeles

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9909

An Oaxaca Decomposition for Nonlinear Models

Stephen Bazen, Xavier Joutard, Brice Magdalou

published in: Journal of Economics and Social Measurement, 2017, 42 (2), 101-121

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9893

Developments in Undernutrition in Indian Children Under Five: A Decompositional Analysis

Peng Nie, Anu Rammohan, Wencke Gwozdz, Alfonso Sousa-Poza

published as 'Changes in Child Nutrition in India: A Decomposition Approach' in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16 (10), 1815

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9808

Absence of Altruism? Female Disadvantage in Private School Enrolment in India

Pushkar Maitra, Sarmistha Pal, Anurag Sharma

published in: World Development, 2016, 86, 105–125

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9797

The More, the Better? The Impact of Instructional Time on Student Performance

Maria Alejandra Cattaneo, Chantal Oggenfuss, Stefan C. Wolter

published in: Education Economics, 2017, 25(5), 433-445

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9786

Job-Search Periods for Welfare Applicants: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment

Jonneke Bolhaar, Nadine Ketel, Bas van der Klaauw

published in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2019, 11(1), 92-125

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9706

The Finite Sample Performance of Inference Methods for Propensity Score Matching and Weighting Estimators

Hugo Bodory, Lorenzo Camponovo, Martin Huber, Michael Lechner

published in: Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 2020, 38 (1), 183-200

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9642

Immigration and Prices: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Syrian Refugees in Turkey

Binnur Balkan, Semih Tumen

published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2016, 29(3), 657-686

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9626

The Role of Sickness in the Evaluation of Job Search Assistance and Sanctions

Gerard J. van den Berg, Barbara Hofmann, Arne Uhlendorff

revised version published as 'Evaluating Vacancy Referrals and the Roles of Sanctions and Sickness Absenc' in: Economic Journal, 2019, 129, 3292-3322

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9622

Targeted Business Incentives and the Debt Behavior of Households

Wenhua Di, Daniel L. Millimet

published in: Empirical Economics, 2017, 52 (3), 1115-1142

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9604

Identification and Inference in Regression Discontinuity Designs with a Manipulated Running Variable

Francois Gerard, Miikka Rokkanen, Christoph Rothe

published as 'Bounds on treatment effects in regression discontinuity designs with a manipulated running variable' in: Quantitative Economics, 2020, 11 (3), 839-870

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9591

An Unfulfilled Promise? Higher Education Quality and Professional Underemployment in Peru

Gustavo Yamada, Pablo Lavado, Joan Jennifer Martinez

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9553

Regression Discontinuity Designs Based on Population Thresholds: Pitfalls and Solutions

Andrew C. Eggers, Ronny Freier, Veronica Grembi, Tommaso Nannicini

published in: American Journal of Political Science, 2018, 62 (1), 210-229

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9511

Going Beyond LATE: Bounding Average Treatment Effects of Job Corps Training

Xuan Chen, Carlos A. Flores, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes

published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2018, 63 (4), 1050-1099

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9507

New Evidence on the Effects of the Shortened School Duration in the German States: An Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education Decisions

Tobias Meyer, Stephan L. Thomsen, Heidrun Schneider

published in: German Economic Review, 2019, 20 (4), e201-e253.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9491

New Evidence on Linear Regression and Treatment Effect Heterogeneity

Tymon Sloczynski

superseded by IZA Discussion Paper No. 11866

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9490

Difference?in?Difference Estimation by FE and OLS when there is Panel Non?Response

Michael Lechner, Núria Rodríguez-Planas, Daniel Fernández-Kranz

published in: Journal of Applied Statistics, 2016, 43 (11), 2044-2052

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9483

Job Loss, Firm?Level Heterogeneity and Mortality: Evidence from Administrative Data

Hans Bloemen, Stefan Hochguertel, Jochem Zweerink

published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2018, 59, 78-90

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9459

Contracting Out Mandatory Counselling and Training for Long-Term Unemployed: Private For-Profit or Non-Profit, or Keep It Public?

Bart Cockx, Stijn Baert

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9428

Endogeneity and Non-Response Bias in Treatment Evaluation: Nonparametric Identification of Causal Effects by Instruments

Hans Fricke, Markus Frölich, Martin Huber, Michael Lechner

published in: Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2020, 35 (5), 481-504

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9348

The Impact of Syrian Refugees on Natives' Labor Market Outcomes in Turkey: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Design

Evren Ceritoglu, H. Burcu Gurcihan Yunculer, Huzeyfe Torun, Semih Tumen

published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2017, 6:5

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9271

A Detailed Decomposition Analysis of the Public-Private Sector Wage Gap in South Africa

Prudence Magejo, Miracle Benhura

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9253

Crime Victimisation and Subjective Well-Being: Panel Evidence from Australia

Stephane Mahuteau, Rong Zhu

published in: Health Economics, 2016, 25, 1448–1463

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9237

The Financial Support for Long-Term Elderly Care and Household Savings Behaviour

Asako Ohinata, Matteo Picchio

revised version published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2020, 72 (1), 247-268

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9138

Direct and Indirect Effects of Training Vouchers for the Unemployed

Martin Huber, Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter

published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society), 2018, 181 (3), 441-463 (

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9137

The Early Labour Market Effects of Generally and Vocationally Oriented Higher Education: Is There a Trade-off?

Dieter Verhaest, Stijn Baert

revised version published as 'The effects of workplace learning in higher education on employment and match quality: Is there an early-career trade-off?' in: Empirical Economics, 2018, 44, 1229 - 1270

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9132

Cognitive, Non-Cognitive Skills and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data in Bangladesh

Christophe Jalil Nordman, Leopold Sarr, Smriti Sharma

published as 'Skills, Personality Traits and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Bangladesh' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2019, 71(3), 687-708

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9090

Can Compulsory Dialogues Nudge Sick-Listed Workers Back to Work?

Simen Markussen, Knut Røed, Ragnhild Camilla Schreiner

published in: Economic Journal, 2018, 128 (610), 1276-1303

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9036

Average Wage Gaps and Oaxaca–Blinder Decompositions

Tymon Sloczynski

superseded by IZA Discussion Paper No. 12041

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8988

Permanent Wage Cost Subsidies for Older Workers: An Effective Tool for Increasing Working Time and Postponing Early Retirement?

Andrea Albanese, Bart Cockx

revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2019, 58, 145-166

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8987

Mozart or Pelé? The Effects of Teenagers' Participation in Music and Sports

Charlotte Cabane, Adrian Hille, Michael Lechner

published in: Labour Economics, 2016, 41, 90-103

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8956

Neighborhood Effects in Education

Carlo L. Del Bello, Eleonora Patacchini, Yves Zenou

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8898

GTL Regression: A Linear Model with Skewed and Thick-Tailed Disturbances

Wim P. Vijverberg, Takuya Hasebe

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8848

Drug Decriminalization and the Price of Illicit Drugs

Sónia Félix, Pedro Portugal

published in: International Journal of Drug Policy, 2017, 39, 121-129

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8756

The Finite Sample Performance of Semi- and Nonparametric Estimators for Treatment Effects and Policy Evaluation

Markus Frölich, Martin Huber, Manuel Wiesenfarth

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8513

Intergenerational Transmission of Unemployment: Evidence for German Sons

Miriam Mäder, Steffen Müller, Regina T. Riphahn, Caroline Schwientek

published in: Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik), 2016, 235 (4-5), 355–375

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8493

Modelling Heaped Duration Data: An Application to Neonatal Mortality

Wiji Arulampalam, Valentina Corradi, Daniel Gutknecht

published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2017, 200, (2), 363-377.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8455

Testing for Selection Bias

Joonhwi Joo, Robert J. LaLonde

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8454

Employment and Earnings Effects of Awarding Training Vouchers in Germany

Annabelle Doerr, Bernd Fitzenberger, Thomas Kruppe, Marie Paul, Anthony Strittmatter

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8392

Socioeconomic Gradients in Children's Cognitive Skills: Are Cross-Country Comparisons Robust to Who Reports Family Background?

John Jerrim, John Micklewright

revised version published in: European Sociological Review, 2014, 30 (6), 766 - 781

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8381

Neighbourhood Turnover and Teenage Attainment

Stephen Gibbons, Olmo Silva, Felix Weinhardt

published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2017, 15 (4), 746-783

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8337

Unobservable, but Unimportant? The Influence of Personality Traits (and Other Usually Unobserved Variables) for the Evaluation of Labor Market Policies

Marco Caliendo, Robert Mahlstedt, Oscar A. Mitnik

substantially revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2017, 46, 14-25.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8336

The Effects of Reducing the Entitlement Period to Unemployment Insurance Benefits

Nynke De Groot, Bas van der Klaauw

published in: Labour Economics, 2019, 57, 195-208

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8334

Does the Link between Unemployment and Crime Depend on the Crime Level? A Quantile Regression Approach

Horst Entorf, Philip Sieger

published in: International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 2014, 8(2), 262-283

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8315

The Public Sector Wage Premium in Spain: Evidence from Longitudinal Administrative Data

Laura Hospido, Enrique Moral-Benito

published in: Labour Economics, 2016, 42, 101–122

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8295

Non-Farm Enterprise Productivity and Spatial Autocorrelation in Rural Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia and Nigeria

Nkechi S. Owoo, Wim Naudé

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8280

Direct and Indirect Treatment Effects: Causal Chains and Mediation Analysis with Instrumental Variables

Markus Frölich, Martin Huber

published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 2017, 79 (5), 1645 - 1666

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8272

Convergence to the Managerial Frontier

William F. Maloney, Mauricio Sarrias

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8256

Extremal Quantile Regressions for Selection Models and the Black-White Wage Gap

Xavier D'Haultfoeuille, Arnaud Maurel, Yichong Zhang

published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2018, 203 (1), 129-142

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8245

Leaving Poverty Behind? The Effects of Generous Income Support Paired with Activation

Simen Markussen, Knut Røed

published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2016, 8 (1), 180–211

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8118

The Early History of Program Evaluation and the U.S. Department of Labor

Orley Ashenfelter

published in: ILR Review, 2014, 63 (3S), 574 - 577

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8084

A General Double Robustness Result for Estimating Average Treatment Effects

Tymon Sloczynski, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge

published in: Econometric Theory, 2018, 34(1), 112–133

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8049

Matching Methods in Practice: Three Examples

Guido W. Imbens

published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2015, 50 (2), 373 - 419

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8047

From Micro Data to Causality: Forty Years of Empirical Labor Economics

Bas van der Klaauw

published in: Labour Economics, 2014, 30, 88-97

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7972

Treatment Evaluation with Multiple Outcome Periods under Endogeneity and Attrition

Markus Frölich, Martin Huber

published in: Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2014, 109(508), 1697-1711

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