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IZA Discussion Papers

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Die IZA Discussion Papers (ISSN: 2365-9793) gilt mit ihren über 17.000 Titeln als die wichtigste Schriftenreihe dieser Art in der Arbeitsökonomie. Mitglieder des IZA-Netzwerks stellen hier ihre aktuellen Forschungsresultate vorab zur Diskussion, bevor sie Eingang in Fachzeitschriften finden. Das IZA leistet damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur wissenschaftlichen Qualitätssicherung.

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107 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17845
How Do Firms Respond to Parental Leave Absences?
Anne Ardila Brenøe, Ursa Krenk, Andreas Steinhauer, Josef Zweimüller
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17732
The Impact of Higher Education on Employer Perceptions
Renske Stans, Laura Ehrmantraut, Malin Siemers, Pia Pinger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17627
Bring Out the Bulls: Employment Dynamics of Trucking Firms During Highly Expansive Market Conditions
Jason W. Miller, Jonathan Phares, Stephen V. Burks
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17162
Adjusting Labor along the Intensive MarginS
Jeff E. Biddle, Daniel S. Hamermesh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17016
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation
Riccardo Marchingiglio, Mikhail Poyker
forthcoming in: Journal of Labor Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16906
Did COVID-19 (Permanently) Raise the Demand for "Teleworkable" Jobs?
Massimiliano Bratti, I. Brunetti, A. Corvasce, Agata Maida, Andrea Ricci
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16837
Labor Demand on a Tight Leash
Mario Bossler, Martin Popp
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16542
No Longer Qualified? Changes in the Supply and Demand for Skills within Occupations
Alicia Sasser Modestino, Mary A. Burke, Shahriar Sadighi, Rachel Sederberg, Tomere Stern, Bledi Taska
This version: February 2025.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16405
Skills, Majors, and Jobs: Does Higher Education Respond?
Johnathan G. Conzelmann, Steven W. Hemelt, Brad J. Hershbein, Shawn Martin, Andrew Simon, Kevin Stange
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16268
What Makes Hiring Difficult? Evidence from Linked Survey-Administrative Data
Antoine Bertheau, Birthe Larsen, Zeyu Zhao
this version: December 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16260
Social Gradients in Employment during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Annette Alstadsæter, Bernt Bratsberg, Simen Markussen, Oddbjørn Raaum, Knut Røed
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2025, 63 (2), 440–514
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16098
Longer Careers: A Barrier to Hiring and Coworker Advancement?
Irene Ferrari, Jan Kabátek, Todd Morris
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16077
Refugee Benefit Cuts
Christian Dustmann, Rasmus Landersø, Lars Højsgaard Andersen
published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2024, 16 (2), 406 - 441
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16015
Labor Demand Responses to Changing Gas Prices
Mario Bossler, Alexander Moog, Thorsten Schank
published in: BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2023, 23 (4), 1073–1080
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15833
The Labor Demand Effects of Refugee Immigration: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Paul Berbée, Herbert Brücker, Alfred Garloff, Katrin Sommerfeld
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15801
Staggered Contracts and Unemployment during Recessions
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Luis Díez-Catalán, Ernesto Villanueva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15726
The Effects of a Disability Employment Quota When Compliance Is Cheaper than Defiance
Judit Krekó, Álmos Telegdy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15690
Microentrepreneurs' Gender Difference in Labor Demand
Oluwasheyi S. Oladipo, Hyoung Suk Shim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15668
Investment Tax Credits and the Response of Firms
Adrian Lerche
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15632
Technical Change, Task Allocation, and Labor Unions
Martyna Marczak, Thomas Beissinger, Franziska Brall
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15361
Can the Labor Demand Curve Explain Job Polarization?
Andreas Peichl, Martin Popp
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15201
China's Labor Market Demand in the Shadow of COVID-19: Evidence from an Online Job Board
Xiangquan Zeng, Shuai Chu, Xuan Chen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14530
Chutes and Ladders? Job Opportunities for Generation COVID
Erling Barth, Harald Dale-Olsen, Pal Schone, Kjersti Misje Ostbakken
published online in: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14481
The Effects of COVID-19 on Employment, Labour Markets and Gender Equality in Central America
Allan Webster, Sangeeta Khorana, Francesco Pastore
published in: IZA Journal of Development and Migration, 2022, 13 (1), 1-43.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14341
The Race of Man and Machine: Implications of Technology When Abilities and Demand Constraints Matter
Thomas Gries, Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14269
The Labour Market Impact of COVID-19: Early Evidence for a Sample of Enterprises from Southern Europe
Allan Webster, Sangeeta Khorana, Francesco Pastore
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2022, 43 (4), 1054 - 1082
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14063
Does the Rise of China Lead to the Fall of European Welfare States?
Erling Barth, Henning Finseraas, Anders Kjelsrud, Karl Ove Moene
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13931
The Speed of Earnings Responses to Taxation and the Role of Firm Labor Demand
Matthew Gudgeon, Simon Trenkle
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2024, 42 (3), 793–835
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13766
Does the Wealth Tax Kill Jobs?
Marie Bjørneby, Simen Markussen, Knut Røed
revised version published as 'An Imperfect Wealth Tax and Employment in Closely Held Firms' in: Economica, 2023, 90 (358), 557-583.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13691
Flexible Work Arrangements in Low Wage Jobs: Evidence from Job Vacancy Data
Abi Adams-Prassl, Maria Balgova, Matthias Qian
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13606
Artificial Intelligence, Income Distribution and Economic Growth
Thomas Gries, Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13551
H. Gregg Lewis: Perhaps the Father of Modern Labor Economics
Daniel S. Hamermesh
published in: Robert A. Cord (ed.), The Palgrave Companion to Chicago Economics, Vol. II, Palgrave Macmillan, 2024, 574-594,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13513
Teaching Labor Laws: Evidence From a Randomized Control Trial in South Africa
Marianne Bertrand, Bruno Crépon
published in: American Economic Review, 2021, 13 (4), 124 - 149
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13142
Labor Demand in the Past, Present, and Future
Georg Graetz
published in: Journal of Public Economics Plus, 2021, 2, 00007
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13059
Is Compassion a Good Career Move?: Nonprofit Earnings Differentials from Job Changes
Andrew C. Johnston, Carla Johnston
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2021, 56, 1225 - 1253
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13037
Employment Effects of Payroll Tax Subsidies
Kamila Cygan-Rehm, Regina T. Riphahn
published in: Small Business Economics, 2021, 57 (3), 1201-1219
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12881
Immigration and the U.S. Labor Market: A Look Ahead
Harry J. Holzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12479
Open Labor Markets and Firms’ Substitution between Training Apprentices and Hiring Workers
Manuel Aepli, Andreas Kuhn
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 70, 101979
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12293
Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor
Daron Acemoglu, Pascual Restrepo
published in: Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2019, 33 (2), 3 - 30
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12292
The Wrong Kind of AI? Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Labor Demand
Daron Acemoglu, Pascual Restrepo
published in: Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 2020, 13 (1), 25 - 35
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12218
The Race against the Robots and the Fallacy of the Giant Cheesecake: Immediate and Imagined Impacts of Artificial Intelligence
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12135
A Nutshell Model of Labor Demand with Permanent and Short-Term Contracts
Bruno Contini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12129
Improving Estimation of Labor Market Disequilibrium Using Shortage Indicators, with an Application to the Market for Anesthesiologists
Matthew Baird, Lindsay Daugherty, Krishna B. Kumar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12063
Racing With or Against the Machine? Evidence from Europe
Terry Gregory, Anna Salomons, Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage
published as 'Racing With or Against the Machine? Evidence on the Role of Trade in Europe" in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2022, 20 (2), 869 - 906
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12000
Where Does the Minimum Wage Bite Hardest in California?
William E. Even, David A. Macpherson
published in: Journal of Labor Research, 2019, 40 (1), 1 - 23
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11822
Can Economic Pressure Overcome Social Norms? The Case of Female Labor Force Participation
Ana Rute Cardoso, Louis-Philippe Morin
published online as 'War-driven permanent emigration, sex ratios, and female labor force participation' in: Journal of Human Resources, October 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11636
Labor Demand Shocks and Housing Prices across the US: Does One Size Fit All?
Michael J. Osei, John V. Winters
published in: Economic Development Quarterly, 2019, 33(3), 212-219
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11486
The Labor Market Effects of Immigration Enforcement
Chloe N. East, Philip Luck, Hani Mansour, Andrea Velasquez
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2023, 41 (4), 957–996
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11248
The Effectiveness of Hiring Credits
Pierre Cahuc, Stéphane Carcillo, Thomas Le Barbanchon
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2019, 86 (2), 593-626.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10901
Skill Premiums and the Supply of Young Workers in Germany
Albrecht Glitz, Daniel Wissmann
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102034
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10537
The Relative Returns to Education, Experience, and Attractiveness for Young Workers
Emily A. Beam, Joshua Hyman, Caroline Theoharides
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2020, 68 (2), 391–428
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10334
The Changing Situation of Labor Market Entrants in Germany: A Long-Run Analysis of Wages and Occupational Patterns
Mario Reinhold, Stephan L. Thomsen
published in: Journal for Labour Market Research, 2017, 50 (1), 161–174
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9719
Optimal Income Taxation with Unemployment and Wage Responses: A Sufficient Statistics Approach
Kory Kroft, Kavan Kucko, Etienne Lehmann, Johannes F. Schmieder
revised version published in: American Economic Journal, Economic Policy, 2020, 12 (1), 254-292.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9618
Fiscal Sustainability and Demographic Change: A Micro Approach for 27 EU Countries
Mathias Dolls, Karina Doorley, Alari Paulus, Hilmar Schneider, Sebastian Siegloch, Eric Sommer
published in: International Tax and Public Finance, 2017, 24 (4), 575-615
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9182
Whose Preferences Are Revealed in Hours of Work?
John H. Pencavel
published in: Economic Inquiry, 2016, 54 (1), 9–24
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9146
The Employment Effects of State Hiring Credits
David Neumark, Diego Grijalva
published in: ILR Review, 2017, 70 (5), 1111-1145
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9145
Low-Skilled Jobs and Student Jobs: Employers' Preferences in Slovakia and the Czech Republic
Lucia Mýtna Kureková, Zuzana Žilinčíková
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9068
Import Competition and the Great U.S. Employment Sag of the 2000s
Daron Acemoglu, David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Brendan Price
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2016, 34 (S1), S141-S198
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8924
Immigration and Wage Dynamics: Evidence from the Mexican Peso Crisis
Joan Monras
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2020, 128, 3017–3089
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8918
How the Demand for Labor May Adapt to the Availability of Labor: A Preliminary Exploration with Historical Data
Harriet Duleep, Xingfei Liu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8840
Economic Shocks and Internal Migration
Joan Monras
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8553
Documentation IZAΨMOD v3.0: The IZA Policy Simulation Model
Max Löffler, Andreas Peichl, Nico Pestel, Sebastian Siegloch, Eric Sommer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8514
Trade Adjustment: Worker Level Evidence
David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Jae Song
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2014, 129 (4), 1799-1860
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8434
Zukünftige Fachkräfteengpässe in Deutschland?
Vanessa Dräger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8330
Do Hiring Credits Work in Recessions? Evidence from France
Pierre Cahuc, Stéphane Carcillo, Thomas Le Barbanchon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7958
The Own-Wage Elasticity of Labor Demand: A Meta-Regression Analysis
Andreas Lichter, Andreas Peichl, Sebastian Siegloch
revised version published in: European Economic Review, 2015, 80, 94-119
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7825
The US Labor Market in 2030: A Scenario Based on Current Trends in Supply and Demand
Rebecca Edwards, Fabian Lange
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7658
Labor Market Transparency
Eskil Wadensjö
published in: Jens Forssbaeck and Lars Oxelheim (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Institutional Transparency, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7494
Exporting and Labor Demand: Micro-Level Evidence from Germany
Andreas Lichter, Andreas Peichl, Sebastian Siegloch
revised version published in: Canadian Journal of Economics, 2017, 50 (4), 1161-1189
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6686
One Way the Demand for Labor May Adapt to the Availability of Labor
Harriet Duleep
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6509
Wage and Employment Determination in Volatile Times: Sweden 1913-1939
Bertil Holmlund
published in: Cliometrica, 2013, 7 (2), 131–159
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6074
Labor Demand During the Crisis: What Happened in Germany?
Olga Bohachova, Bernhard Boockmann, Claudia M. Buch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5795
Fat Chance! Obesity and the Transition from Unemployment to Employment
Marco Caliendo, Wang-Sheng Lee
published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2013, 11 (2), 121-133
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5423
Is Part-Time Employment Beneficial for Firm Productivity?
Annemarie Künn-Nelen, Andries de Grip, Didier Fouarge
published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2013, 66 (5), 1172-1191
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5350
Accounting for Labor Demand Effects in Structural Labor Supply Models
Andreas Peichl, Sebastian Siegloch
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2012, 19 (1), 129-138
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5336
ICT Skills and Employment: A Randomized Experiment
Mariana Blanco, Florencia López Bóo
published in: Chong Alberto(ed.), Measuring the Impact of Information Technologies in Latin America, World Bank, 2016
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5220
Distributional Consequences of Labor Demand Adjustments to a Downturn: A Model-Based Approach with Application to Germany 2008-09
Olivier B. Bargain, Herwig Immervoll, Andreas Peichl, Sebastian Siegloch
revised version published as 'Distributional consequences of labor-demand shocks: the 2008–2009 recession in Germany' in: International Tax and Public Finance, 2012, 19 (1), 118-138
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4865
Documentation IZAΨMOD: The IZA Policy SImulation MODel
Andreas Peichl, Hilmar Schneider, Sebastian Siegloch
see also IZAΨMOD for more information
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4380
Why Do Firms Use Fixed-Term Contracts?
Pedro Portugal, José Varejão
published in: Portuguese Economic Journal, 2022, 21, 401 - 421
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3885
The Timing of Labor Demand
Ana Rute Cardoso, Daniel S. Hamermesh, José Varejão
published in: Annals of Economics and Statistics, 2012, 105/106, 15-34
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3803
Welfare in Models of Trade with Heterogeneous Firms
Alexandre Janiak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3656
Social Interactions in Demand
Andrew Grodner, Thomas J. Kniesner
published in: Foundations and Trends in Microeconomics, 2010, 6 (4), 265-366
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3456
The Impact of Population Aging on the Labor Market: The Case of Sri Lanka
Milan Vodopivec, Nisha Arunatilake
published in: Journal of Population Ageing, 2011, 4 (3), 141-163
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3423
Migration and the Wage Curve: A Structural Approach to Measure the Wage and Employment Effects of Migration
Herbert Brücker, Elke J. Jahn
revised version published as 'Migration and Wage-Setting: Reassessing the Labor Market Effects of Migration' in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2011, 113 (2), 286-317
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3150
The Elasticity of Labor Demand and the Minimum Wage
Leif Danziger
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2009, 22 (3), 757-772
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3129
House Prices and Employment Reallocation: International Evidence
Olympia Bover, Juan F. Jimeno
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3076
Matching Bias in Labor Demand Estimation
Giovanna Aguilar, Silvio Rendon
published in: Economics Letters, 2008, 100 (2), 297-299
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2996
Labor Market Rigidities and the Employment Behavior of Older Workers
David M. Blau, Tetyana Shvydko
published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2011, 64 (3), 464-484
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2701
Spatial and Temporal Aggregation in the Estimation of Labor Demand Functions
José Varejão, Pedro Portugal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2360
The Elasticity of Labor Demand and the Optimal Minimum Wage
Leif Danziger
Journal of Population Economics, 2009, 22, (3), 757-772
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2185
Skill Wage Premia, Employment, and Cohort Effects: Are Workers in Germany All of the Same Type?
Bernd Fitzenberger, Karsten Kohn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2131
Margins of Multinational Labor Substitution
Marc-Andreas Muendler, Sascha O. Becker
published in: American Economic Review, 2010, 100 (5), 1999-2030
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2024
Testing Theories of Job Creation: Does Supply Create Its Own Demand?
Mikael Carlsson, Stefan Eriksson, Nils Gottfries
revised version published as 'Product market imperfections and employment dynamics' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2013, 65 (2), 447-470
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1809
On Simplifying the Structure of Labour Demand: An Analysis of the DOT Data
Wim P. Vijverberg, Joop Hartog
published in: Applied Economics, 2010, 42(13), 1747-1760
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1780
The Demand for Labor: An Analysis Using Matched Employer-Employee Data from the German LIAB. Will the High Unskilled Worker Own-Wage Elasticity Please Stand Up?
John T. Addison, Lutz Bellmann, Thorsten Schank, Paulino Teixeira
published in: Journal of Labor Research, 2008, 29 (2), 114-137
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1759
Enforcement of Regulation, Informal Labor and Firm Performance
Rita K. Almeida, Pedro Carneiro
published as 'Enforcement of labor regulation and firm size' in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2009, 37 (1), 28-46
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1319
Mass Migration to Israel and Natives' Transitions from Employment
Sarit Cohen Goldner, M. Daniele Paserman
published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2006, 59 (4), 630-652
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1315
The Dynamic Impact of Immigration on Natives' Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from Israel
Sarit Cohen Goldner, M. Daniele Paserman
published in: European Economic Review, 2011, 55 (8), 1027-1045
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1290
Does Employment Protection Reduce the Demand for Unskilled Labor?
Kirsten Daniel, W. Stanley Siebert
published in: International Economic Journal, 2005, 19 (2), 197-222
IZA Discussion Paper No. 958
Creating Low Skilled Jobs by Subsidizing Market-Contracted Household Work
Tilman Brück, John de New, Klaus F. Zimmermann
published in: Applied Economics, 2006, 38 (8), 899-911
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