The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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168 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17890
The Poverty Effectiveness of Social Security Benefits in Türkiye
Zeynep Gizem Can, Cathal O'Donoghue
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17858
Solidarity and Discrimination Within and Between Generations: Evidence from a Dutch Population Sample
Arno Riedl, Hans Schmeets, Peter Werner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17784
Comment on “Food Insecurity and Mental Health of Women During COVID-19: Evidence from a Developing Country” by Rahman et al.
Lenka Fiala, Anders Kjelsrud, Essi Kujansuu, Abel Brodeur
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17625
The Impact of Parental Job Security on Children's Health
Ainoa Aparicio Fenoll, Pablo Fernandez-Baldor Laporta, Judit Vall Castello
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17095
Optimal Unemployment Insurance with Program Interactions
Zachary Parolin, Clemente Pignatti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17074
Minimum Wages and the Uptake of Supplemental Security Income
Krishna Regmi
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 90, 102592
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17038
Unsettled: Job Insecurity Reduces Home-Ownership
Anthony Lepinteur, Andrew E. Clark, Conchita D'Ambrosio
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17008
Modernizing Smallholder Agriculture and Achieving Food Security: An Exploration in Machinery Services and Labor Reallocation in China
Baoling Zou, Ashok K. Mishra
published in: Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 2024, 46 (4), 1662-1691
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16892
Country Statistical Capacity: A Recent Assessment Tool and Further Reflections on the Way Forward
Hai-Anh H Dang, Dean Jolliffe, Umar Serajuddin, Brian Stacy
published in: Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 2024, 40 (2), 211–225
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16744
Job Security and Liquid Wealth
Ana Figueiredo, Olivier Marie, Agnieszka Markiewicz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16735
Social Security and Inequality in Belgium
Giulia Klinges, Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16677
Health Inequalities among People Experiencing Food Insecurity. An Intersectional Approach
Nick Drydakis
published in: Sociology of Health and Illness, 2024, 46 (5), 867-886
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16647
Employment Protection, Job Insecurity, and Job Mobility
Marco Bertoni, Simone Chinetti, Roberto Nistico
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16574
Food Aid and Violent Conflict: A Review of Literature
Maximilian Koppenberg, Ashok K. Mishra, Stefan Hirsch
published as 'Food aid and violent conflict: A review and Empiricist’s companion' in: Food Policy, 2023, 121, 102542
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16382
Do Households Where Women Own Land Fare Better for Food Security? Evidence for Tanzania
Sara Burrone, Gianna Claudia Giannelli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16218
Roma and Bureaucrats: A Field Experiment on Ethnic and Socioeconomic Discrimination
Stepan Mikula, Josef Montag
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16132
Forward-Looking Labor Supply Responses to Changes in Pension Wealth: Evidence from Germany
Elisabeth Artmann, Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, Giulia Giupponi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16035
Seeking Shelter in Times of Crisis? Unemployment, Perceived Job Insecurity and Trade Union Membership
Adrian Chadi, Laszlo Goerke
published in: Economica, 2023, 90 (359), 1041-1088
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16029
Human Capital and Pensions with Endogenous Fertility and Retirement
Giam Pietro Cipriani, Tamara Fioroni
published in: Macroeconomic Dynamics. 2024, 28 (2), 478-494.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16022
Marriage in Old Age: What Can We Learn about Policy Impacts on Same-Sex Couples?
Leora Friedberg, Elliott Isaac
published in: National Tax Journal, 2023, 76 (3), 679-706
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16009
From Syringes to Dishes: Improving Food Security through Vaccination
Erkmen Giray Aslim, Wei Fu, Erdal Tekin, Shijun You
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16001
Public-Sector Employment, Wages and Education Decisions
Andri Chassamboulli, Pedro Maia Gomes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15801
Staggered Contracts and Unemployment during Recessions
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Luis Díez-Catalán, Ernesto Villanueva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15761
Spatial Spillovers of Conflict in Somalia
Marco Alfano, Thomas Cornelissen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15735
Job Insecurity and Health: Evidence from Older European Workers
Eduard Suari-Andreu, Tim Schwartz, Max van Lent, Marike Knoef
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15658
How to Best Fight Poverty: The Uneven Ex-post Effects of Conditional and Unconditional Cash Transfers on Labor Earnings
Ainoa Aparicio Fenoll, Roberto Quaranta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15592
The Fiscal Effect of Immigration: Reducing Bias in Influential Estimates
Michael A. Clemens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15562
Climate Change Salience, Economic Insecurity, and Support for Mitigation Policies
David W. Johnston, Rachel Knott, Silvia Mendolia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15539
Dreaming of a Brighter Future? The Impact of Economic Vulnerability on University Aspirations
Barry Watson, Nancy Kong, Shelley Phipps
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15510
Urban Resilience and Social Security Uptake: New Zealand Evidence from the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 Pandemic
William Cochrane, Jacques Poot, Matthew Roskruge
published in: Australasian Journal of Regional Studies, 2023, 29 (2), 155-184
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15495
Homeownership and the Perception of Material Security in Old Age
Claudius Garten, Michal Myck, Monika Oczkowska
published online in: Applied Economics, 12 June 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15434
Displaced or Depressed? The Effect of Working in Automatable Jobs on Mental Health
Sylvie Blasco, Julie Rochut, Benedicte Rouland
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15231
Labour Market Concentration, Wages and Job Security in Europe
Andrea Bassanini, Giulia Bovini, Eve Caroli, Jorge Casanova Ferrando, Federico Cingano, Paolo Falco, Florentino Felgueroso, Marcel Jansen, Pedro S. Martins, António Melo, Michael Oberfichtner, Martin Popp
revised version published online in: Journal of Human Resources, 6 March 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15182
People versus Machines: The Impact of Being in an Automatable Job on Australian Worker's Mental Health and Life Satisfaction
Grace Lordan, Eliza-Jane Stringer
published in: Economics & Human Biology 2022, 46, 101144
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15100
Progressing Towards Efficiency: The Role for Labor Tax Progression in Reforming Social Security
Krzysztof Makarski, Joanna Tyrowicz, Oliwia Komada
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14805
Efficiency versus Insurance: Capital Income Taxation and Privatizing Social Security
Krzysztof Makarski, Joanna Tyrowicz, Oliwia Komada
published 'Capital income taxation and reforming social security in an OLG economy' in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2024, 165, 104878
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14786
Improving Women's Mental Health during a Pandemic
Michael Vlassopoulos, Abu Siddique, Tabassum Rahman, Debayan Pakrashi, Asadul Islam, Firoz Ahmed
published in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2024, 16(2), 422-55.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14775
Civil War, Famine and the Persistence of Human Capital: Evidence from Tajikistan
Louise Grogan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14765
The Political (In)Stability of Funded Social Security
Roel M. W. J. Beetsma, Oliwia Komada, Krzysztof Makarski, Joanna Tyrowicz
published in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2021, 133, 104237
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14647
The Effect of 3.6 Million Refugees on Crime
Murat Güray Kirdar, Ivan Lopez Cruz, Betül Türküm
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2022, 194, 568 - 582
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14555
How Collective Bargaining Shapes Poverty: New Evidence for Developed Countries
Kevin Pineda-Hernández, François Rycx, Mélanie Volral
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2022, 60 (4), 895-928
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14273
Job Loss and Food Insecurity during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Stefani Milovanska-Farrington
published in: Journal of Economic Studies, 2023, 50 (2), 300-323
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14018
Social Security and Endogenous Demographic Change: Child Support and Retirement Policies
Giam Pietro Cipriani, Tamara Fioroni
published in: Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 2022, 21(3), 307-325.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14000
Labour Market Shocks during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Inequalities and Child Outcomes
Claudia Hupkau, Ingo E. Isphording, Stephen Machin, Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela
revised version published as 'Labour Market Shocks and Parental Investments during the Covid-19 Pandemic' in: Labour Economics, 2023, 82, 102341
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13984
The Health Externalities of Downsizing
Alexander Ahammer, Dominik Grübl, Rudolf Winter-Ebmer
published online as 'The Health Effects of Downsizing Survival' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 29 May 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13900
Labor Supply Responses to Learning the Tax and Benefit Schedule
Andreas Ravndal Kostøl, Andreas S. Myhre
published in: American Economic Review, 2021, 111 (11), 3733–3766
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13588
Working Parents, Financial Insecurity, and Child-Care: Mental Health in the Time of COVID-19
Massimiliano Tani, Zhiming Cheng, Silvia Mendolia, Alfredo R. Paloyo, David Savage
published in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2021, 19, 123 - 144 .
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13542
Wage Determination and the Bite of Collective Contracts in Italy and Spain: Evidence from the Metalworking Industry
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Ernesto Villanueva
published as 'Wage determination and the bite of collective contracts in Italy and Spain' in: Labour Economics, 2022, 76, 102147
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13537
The Impact of Social Security on Pension Claiming and Retirement: Active vs. Passive Decisions
Rafael Lalive, Arvind Magesan, Stefan Staubli
revised version published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2023, 15 (3), 115-50
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13317
The Contribution of Payroll Taxation to Wage Inequality in France
Antoine Bozio, Thomas Breda, Malka Guillot
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13263
Social Security, Labor Supply and Health of Older Workers: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Large Reform
Itay Saporta-Eksten, Ity Shurtz, Sarit Weisburd
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13182
Is Rising Household Debt Affecting Retirement Decisions?
Barbara A. Butrica, Nadia S Karamcheva
published in: Olivia Mitchell and Annamaria Lusardi (eds.), Remaking Retirement: Debt in an Aging Economy, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2020
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13144
A Natural Experiment on Job Insecurity and Fertility in France
Andrew E. Clark, Anthony Lepinteur
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 104, 386-398
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13048
Pensions and Fertility: Micro-Economic Evidence
Alexander M. Danzer, Lennard Zyska
published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2023, 15 (2), 126-165
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13042
Public-Sector Compensation over the Life Cycle
Pedro Maia Gomes, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12982
Dynamic Incentives in Retirement Earnings-Replacement Benefits
Andres Dean, Sebastian Fleitas, Mariana Zerpa
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2024, 106 (3), 762–777.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12909
Demography and Provisions for Retirement: The Pension Composition, a Behavioral Approach
Bernard M. S. van Praag, J. Peter Hop
published in: Journal of Demographic Economics, 2021, 87 (1), 1-31
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12663
Job Insecurity, Debt Burdens and Individual Health
Maite Blázquez Cuesta, Santiago Budría, Ana I. Moro-Egido
published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2021, 67 (4), 872-899.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12655
Life Cycle Saving and Dissaving Revisited across Three-Tiered Income Groups: Starting Hypotheses, Refinement through Literature Review, and Ideas for Empirical Testing
Robert Holzmann, Mercedes Ayuso, Estefanía Alaminos, Jorge Miguel Bravo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12502
Does Tax-Benefit Linkage Matter for the Incidence of Social Security Contributions?
Antoine Bozio, Thomas Breda, Julien Grenet
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12476
Can Agricultural Extension and Input Support Be Discontinued? Evidence from a Randomized Phaseout in Uganda
Ram Fishman, Stephen C. Smith, Vida Bobic, Munshi Sulaiman
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 104 (6), 1273–1288.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12442
Samuelson's Contributions to Population Theory and Overlapping Generations in Economics
Ronald D. Lee
published in: Robert A. Cord, Richard G. Anderson, William A. Barnett (eds.), Paul Samuelson Master of Modern Economics, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, 471-495
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12263
Behavioral Impediments to Valuing Annuities: Complexity and Choice Bracketing
Jeffrey R. Brown, Arie Kapteyn, Erzo F.P. Luttmer, Olivia S. Mitchell, Anya Samek
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2021, 103 (3), 533–546.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11937
Strategic Fertility Behaviour, Early Childhood Human Capital Investments and Gender Roles in Albania
Louise Grogan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11847
Growing Together: Assessing Equity and Efficiency in an Early-Life Health Program in Chile
Damian Clarke, Gustavo Cortés Méndez, Diego Vergara Sepúlveda
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2020, 33 (3), 883-956
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11775
Social Security Incentives in Belgium: An Analysis of Four Decades of Change
Anne-Lore Fraikin, Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11728
Minimum Wages and Retirement
Mark Borgschulte, Heepyung Cho
published in: ILR Review, 2020, 73 (1), 153 - 177
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11589
Do Walmart Supercenters Improve Food Security?
Charles Courtemanche, Art Carden, Xilin Zhou, Murugi Ndirangu
published in: Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 2019, 41 (2), 177-198
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11481
Status and Progress in Cross-Border Portability of Social Security Benefits
Robert Holzmann, Jacques Wels
published in: International Social Security Review, 2020, 73(1), 65-107
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11412
Estimating the Associations between SNAP and Food Insecurity, Obesity, and Food Purchases with Imperfect Administrative Measures of Participation
Charles Courtemanche, Augustine Denteh, Rusty Tchernis
published in: Southern Economic Journal, 2019, 86 (1), 202 228
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11251
World Commodity Prices, Job Security and Health: Evidence from the Mining Industry
David W. Johnston, Michael A. Shields, Agne Suziedelyte
published as 'Macroeconomic Shocks, Job Security, and Health from the Mining Industry' in: American Journal of Health Economics, 2020, 6 (3), 348-371
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10954
'Rational Overeating' in a Feast-or-Famine World: Economic Insecurity and the Obesity Epidemic
Trenton G. Smith, Steven Stillman, Stuart Craig
published in: Southern Economic Journal, 2024, 90 (3), 634 - 655
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10954
'Rational Overeating' in a Feast-or-Famine World: Economic Insecurity and the Obesity Epidemic
Trenton G. Smith, Steven Stillman, Stuart Craig
published in: Southern Economic Journal, 2024, 90 (3), 634 - 655
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10819
Security, Trade, and Political Violence
Francesco Amodio, Leonardo Baccini, Michele Di Maio
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2021, 19 (1), 1-37
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10641
How Sustainable Are Benefits from Extension for Smallholder Farmers? Evidence from a Randomized Phase-Out of the BRAC Program in Uganda
Ram Fishman, Stephen C. Smith, Vida Bobic, Munshi Sulaiman
This analysis of midline experimental results was expanded using endline data in IZA DP No. 12476,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10389
The 'Informality Gap': Can Education Help Minorities Escape Informal Employment? Evidence from Peru
Juan Gabriel Delgado Montes, Javier Corrales, Prakarsh Singh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10377
Small-Scale Farming and Food Security: The Enabling Role of Cash Transfers in South Africa's Former Homelands
Dieter von Fintel, Louw Pienaar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10246
Spousal and Survivor Benefits in Option Value Models of Retirement: An Application to Belgium
Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre
published in: Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 2019, 18 (1), 66 - 87
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10044
When the Going Gets Tough... Financial Incentives, Duration of Unemployment and Job-Match Quality
Yolanda Fatima Rebollo-Sanz, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2020, 55 (1), 119-163
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9876
Unions and the Economic Basis of Attitudes
Michael White, Alex Bryson
published in: Industrial Relations Journal, 2016, 47 (4), 360-378
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9821
Taxing Pensions
Helmuth Cremer, Pierre Pestieau
published in: Robert Holzmann and John Piggott (eds.), The Taxation of Pensions, Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 2018.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9749
Evaluating the Long-Run Impact of an Innovative Anti-Poverty Program: Evidence Using Household Panel Data
Niaz Asadullah, Jinnat Ara
published in: Applied Economics, 2016, 58 (2), 107-120
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9452
A Longitudinal Analysis of Violence and Housing Insecurity
Timothy M. Diette, David C. Ribar
published in: Economic Inquiry, 2018, 56(3), 1602-21.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9206
Agricultural Extension and Technology Adoption for Food Security: Evidence from Uganda
Yao Pan, Stephen C. Smith, Munshi Sulaiman
published in: American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2018, 100 (4), 1012–1031
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9103
Financial Literacy and Food Security in Extremely Vulnerable Households
Daniel L. Millimet, Ian K. McDonough, Thomas B. Fomby
published in: American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2018, 100, 1224-1249
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8788
Does Delay Cause Decay? The Effect of Administrative Decision Time on the Labor Force Participation and Earnings of Disability Applicants
David Autor, Nicole Maestas, Kathleen Mullen, Alexander Strand
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8514
Trade Adjustment: Worker Level Evidence
David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Jae Song
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2014, 129 (4), 1799-1860
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8495
A Journey Home: What Drives How Long People Are Homeless?
Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Nicolas Herault, Rosanna Scutella, Yi-Ping Tseng
published in: Journal of Urban Economics, 2016, 91, 57-72.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8438
Job Insecurity, Employability, and Health: An Analysis for Germany across Generations
Steffen Otterbach, Alfonso Sousa-Poza
published in: Applied Economics, 2016, 48 (14), 1303-1316
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8376
Social Protection beyond the Bottom Billion
Susan Murphy, Patrick Paul Walsh
published in: Economic and Social Review, 2014, 45 (2), 261 - 284
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8302
Household Asset Holding Diversification in Australia
Francesco Mariotti, Karen A. Mumford, Yolanda Pena-Boquete
published in: Australian Economic Review, 2015, 48(1), 43-64
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8299
Does Job Insecurity Deteriorate Health? A Causal Approach for Europe
Eve Caroli, Mathilde Godard
revised version published in: Health Economics, 25(2), 131-147, 2016.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7926
Retirement Patterns of Couples in Europe
Laura Hospido, Gema Zamarro
published in: IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 3:12, 2014
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7783
Health Status, Disability and Retirement Incentives in Belgium
Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre, Sergio Perelman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7457
Partial Identification of the Long-Run Causal Effect of Food Security on Child Health
Daniel L. Millimet, Manan Roy
published in: Empirical Economics, 2015, 48, 83-141
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7455
The Economics of Severance Pay
Tito Boeri, Pietro Garibaldi, Espen R. Moen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7387
Retirement Incentives in Belgium: Estimations and Simulations Using SHARE Data
Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre
published in: De Economist, 2013, 161 (3), 253-276
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6996
Job Loss Fears and (Extremist) Party Identification: First Evidence from Panel Data
Ingo Geishecker, Thomas Siedler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6897
Offshoring, Wages and Job Security of Temporary Workers
Holger Görg, Dennis Görlich
published in: Review of World Economics / Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 2015, 151(3), 533-554
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6839
Skilled Labor Supply, IT-Based Technical Change and Job Instability
Luc Behaghel, Julie Moschion
published as 'IT-Based Technical Change and Job Instability' in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2016, 118 (1), 79 - 104
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