The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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362 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17942
The Value of a Park in Crises: Quantifying the Health and Wellbeing Benefits of Green Spaces Using Exogenous Variations in Use Values
Christian Krekel, Jan Goebel, Katrin Rehdanz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17873
Adjustments to Reduced Cash Transfers: Religious Safety Nets and Children’s Long-Term Outcomes
Naomi Gershoni, Rania Gihleb, Assaf Kott, Hani Mansour, Yannay Shanan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17729
Empirical Analysis of Racial Disparities in Policing
Deepak Premkumar, Magnus Lofstrom, Joseph Hayes, Brandon Martin, Sean Cremin
forthcoming in: Santa Clara Law Review
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17631
More than Just Lunch: School-Meal Subsidies and Language Proficiency
Sara Ayllón, Samuel Lado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17053
The Importance of Being Local? Administrative Decentralization and Human Development
Latika Chaudhary, Lakshmi Iyer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16880
Access to Formal Childcare for Toddlers and Parental Employment and Earnings
Taiyo Fukai, Ayako Kondo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16867
A Tale of the Tails: The Value of a Statistical Life at the Tails of the Age Distribution
Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi
published in Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 2024, 15 (1), 204–222
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16761
Decentralizing Development: Evidence from Government Splits
Ricardo Dahis, Christiane Szerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16718
Using Life Satisfaction and Happiness Data for Environmental Valuation: An Experienced Preference Approach
Susana Ferreira, Mirko Moro, Heinz Welsch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16713
What Works and for Whom? Effectiveness and Efficiency of School Capital Investments across the U.S.
Barbara Biasi, Julien Lafortune, David Schönholzer
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 18 February 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16605
Using the Strategy Method and Elicited Beliefs to Explain Group Size and MPCR Effects in Public Good Experiments
Simon Gächter, Diego Marino Fages
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16511
The E-Word – On the Public Acceptance of Experiments
Mira Fischer, Elisabeth Grewenig, Philipp Lergetporer, Katharina Werner, Helen Zeidler
published in: Economics Letters, 2024, 235, 111558
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16464
Fairness and Inequality in Institution Formation
Julian Detemple, Michael Kosfeld
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16442
High-Quality Early-Childhood Education at Scale: Evidence from a Multisite Randomized Trial
William Dougan, Jorge Luis García, Illia Polovnikov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16415
The Behavioral Mechanisms of Voluntary Cooperation across Culturally Diverse Societies: Evidence from the US, the UK, Morocco, and Turkey
Till O. Weber, Jonathan F. Schulz, Benjamin Beranek, Fatima Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Simon Gächter
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 215, 134-152;
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16392
Group Meetings and Boosters to Sustain Early Impacts on Child Development: Experimental Evidence from Kenya
Italo Lopez Garcia, Jill E. Luoto, Frances E. Aboud, Lia C.H. Fernald
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16378
The Short and Medium Term Effects of Full-Day Schooling on Learning and Maternal Labor Supply
Giulia Bovini, Niccolò Cattadori, Marta De Philippis, Paolo Sestito
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16370
The Dynastic Benefits of Early Childhood Education: Participant Benefits and Family Spillovers
Frederik H. Bennhoff, Jorge Luis García, Duncan Ermini Leaf
published in: Human Capital, 2024, 18 (1), 44-73.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16346
Behavioural Responses to Unfair Institutions: Experimental Evidence on Rule Compliance, Norm Polarisation, and Trust
Simon Columbus, Lars P. Feld, Matthias Kasper, Matthew D. Rablen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16316
Air Pollution and Agricultural Productivity in a Developing Country
Joshua D. Merfeld
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16301
The Profit Motive in the Classroom - Friend or Foe?
Niklas Elert, Magnus Henrekson
published online in: Journal of School Choice, 25 May 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16234
Pricing Neighborhoods
Sadegh S. M. Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Goya Razavi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16221
Taking a Chance on Workers: Evidence on the Effects and Mechanisms of Subsidized Employment from an RCT
Tania Barham, Brian C. Cadena, Patrick S Turner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16205
A Behaviorally-Validated Warm Glow Questionnaire
Jeffrey P. Carpenter, Alex Lyford, Mingfang Zhang
published in: Journal of the Economic Sciene Association, 2024, 10, 310–329
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16198
First Generation College Students and Peer Effects
Michael S. Kofoed, Todd R. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15991
Human Capital and Climate Change
Noam Angrist, Kevin Winseck, Harry Anthony Patrinos, Joshua Graff Zivin
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, March 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15928
Selective Exercise of Discretion in Disability Insurance Awards
Pilar Garcia-Gomez, Pierre Koning, Owen O'Donnell, Carlos Riumallo Herl
published online in: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 29 Dezember 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15894
The Multigenerational Impact of Children and Childcare Policies
Sencer Karademir, Jean-William Laliberté, Stefan Staubli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15849
Do Elections Affect Immigration? Evidence From French Municipalities
Benoît Schmutz, Gregory Verdugo
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2023, 218, 104803
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15813
Dishonesty as a Collective-Risk Social Dilemma
Shuguang Jiang, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published in: Economic Inquiry, 2024, 62, 223–241.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15608
German Financial State Aid during COVID-19 Pandemic: Higher Impact among Digitalized Self-Employed
Irene Bertschek, Jörn Block, Alexander S. Kritikos, Caroline Stiel
published in: Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 2024, 36 (1–2), 76–97
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15585
Expansions in Paid Parental Leave and Mothers' Economic Progress
Gozde Corekcioglu, Marco Francesconi, Astrid Kunze
published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 169, 104845
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15557
College Admission as a Screening and Sorting Device
Mikkel Høst Gandil, Edwin Leuven
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15472
The Benefits and Costs of U.S. Employer COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates
Maddalena Ferranna, Lisa A. Robinson, Daniel Cadarette, Michael R. Eber, David E. Bloom
published in: Risk Analysis, 2023, 43 (10), 2053-2068
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15471
Long-Term Services and Supports and Disease Management among Older Chinese Adults in Different Stages of Cognitive Impairment
Zhuoer Lin, Xi Chen
published in: Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 2022, 23, 100405.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15330
School Choice and Higher Education Attainment
Diana Alessandrini, Joniada Milla
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15322
Preferences and Perceptions in Provision and Maintenance Public Goods
Simon Gächter, Felix Kölle, Simone Quercia
revised version published in: Games and Economic Behavior, 2022, 135, 338-355.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15278
Do Educated Leaders Affect Economic Development? Evidence from India
Chandan Jain, Shagun Kashyap, Rahul Lahoti, Soham Sahoo
published as 'The impact of educated leaders on economic development: Evidence from India' in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2023, 51 (3), 1068-1093
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15117
Compensating Differentials for Occupational Health and Safety Risks: Implications of Recent Evidence
Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi
published in: Research in Labor Economics, 2023, 50, 83-116
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15113
Can Public Policy Increase Paternity Acknowledgment? Evidence from Earnings-Related Parental Leave
Anna Raute, Andrea Weber, Galina Zudenkova
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15076
Wheels of Change: Transforming Girls' Lives with Bicycles
Nathan Fiala, Ana Garcia-Hernandez, Kritika Narula, Nishith Prakash
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14932
Spatial and Time Spillovers of Driving Restrictions: Causal Evidence from Lima's Pico Y Placa Policy
Edgar Salgado, Oscar A. Mitnik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14880
Access to Head Start and Maternal Labor Supply: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Evidence
Jocelyn Wikle, Riley Wilson
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2023, 41 (4), 1081–1127
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14775
Civil War, Famine and the Persistence of Human Capital: Evidence from Tajikistan
Louise Grogan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14575
The Lasting Effects of Early Childhood Education on Promoting the Skills and Social Mobility of Disadvantaged African Americans
Jorge Luis García, James J. Heckman, Victor Ronda
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 131 (6), 1477 - 1506
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14553
Can a Supranational Medicines Agency Restore Trust After Vaccine Suspensions? The Case of Vaxzevria
Andrea Albanese, Francesco Fallucchi, Bertrand Verheyden
published in: PLoS ONE, 2022, 17 (11), e02777554
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14525
The Dynastic Benefits of Early Childhood Education
Jorge Luis García, Frederik H. Bennhoff, Duncan Ermini Leaf, James J. Heckman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14522
Measuring Performance: Ranking State Success over Two Decades in India
Farzana Afridi, Amrita Dhillon, Arka Roy Chaudhuri, Saattvic
published in: Journal of Asian Economics, 2022, 83, 101550
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14475
The Social Value of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Willingness to Pay Estimates from Four Western Countries
Joan Costa-Font, Caroline Rudisill, Sayward Harrison, Luca Salmasi
published in: Health Economics, 2023, 32 (8), 1818 - 1835
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14467
The Roots of Cooperation
Zvonimir Bašić, Parampreet C. Bindra, Daniela Glätzle-Rützler, Angelo Romano, Matthias Sutter, Claudia Zoller
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14314
Understanding the Origins of Populist Political Parties and the Role of External Shocks
Eugenio Levi, Isabelle Sin, Steven Stillman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14222
A Soul's View of the Optimal Population Problem
David de la Croix, Matthias Doepke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14209
Design and Effectiveness of Start-up Subsidies: Evidence from a Policy Reform in Germany
Marco Caliendo, Stefan Tübbicke
published in: Economic Analysis and Policy, 2021, 70, 333 - 340
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14195
Welfare Effects of Property Taxation
Max Löffler, Sebastian Siegloch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14185
Lessons from Denmark about Inequality and Social Mobility
James J. Heckman, Rasmus Landersø
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14153
Employee Training and Firm Performance: Evidence from ESF Grant Applications
Pedro S. Martins
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102056
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14073
Democratisation under Diversity: Theory and Evidence from Indonesian Communities
Anirban Mitra, Sarmistha Pal
published as 'Ethnic Diversity, Social Norms and Elite Capture: Theory and Evidence from Indonesia' in: Economica, 2022, 89 (356), 947 - 996
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14031
Does Online Search Improve the Match Quality of New Hires?
Nicole Gürtzgen, Benjamin Lochner, Laura Pohlan, Gerard J. van den Berg
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 70, 101981
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13974
Spillovers and Long-Run Effects of Messages on Tax Compliance: Experimental Evidence from Peru
Juan Francisco Castro, Daniel Velásquez, Arlette Beltrán, Gustavo Yamada
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13954
Revisiting the Causal Effect of Education on Political Participation and Interest
Nadja Bömmel, Guido Heineck
substantially revised version published in: Education Economics, 2023, 31 (6), 664-682
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13924
Strategic Compromise, Policy Bundling and Interest Group Power
Luna Bellani, Vigile Marie Fabella, Francesco Scervini
revised version published as 'Strategic compromise, policy bundling and interest group power: Theory and evidence on education policy' in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 77, 102283
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13847
The Impact of Employment Quotas on the Economic Lives of Disadvantaged Minorities in India
Nishith Prakash
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2020, 180, 494-509
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13812
Inequality, Institutions and Cooperation
Thomas Markussen, Smriti Sharma, Saurabh Singhal, Finn Tarp
published in: European Economic Review, 2021, 138, 103842, p.13
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13705
What Do Employers' Associations Do?
Pedro S. Martins
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13676
Immigration and Redistribution
Benjamin Elsner, Jeff Concannon
published in: Robert M. Sauer (ed.):World Scientific Handbook of Global Migration, 2024, 5-54
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13611
The Long Shadow of Slavery: The Persistence of Slave Owners in Southern Law-Making
Luna Bellani, Anselm Hager, Stephan Ernst Maurer
revised version published in: Journal of Economic History, 2022, 82 (1), 250 - 283
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13560
Socially Optimal Mistakes? Debiasing COVID-19 Mortality Risk Perceptions and Prosocial Behavior
Martin Abel, Tanya Byker, Jeffrey P. Carpenter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13487
Did Medicaid Expansion Reduce Medical Divorce?
David Slusky, Donna K. Ginther
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13464
School Choice Design, Risk Aversion, and Cardinal Segregation
Caterina Calsamiglia, Francisco Martínez-Mora, Antonio Miralles
published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 131 (635), 1081–1104
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13431
A Theory of Social Impact Bonds
Daniel L. Tortorice, David E. Bloom, Paige Kirby, John Regan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13324
Do Reemployment Programs for the Unemployed Work for Youth? Evidence from the Great Recession in the United States
Marios Michaelides, Peter R. Mueser, Jeffrey A. Smith
published in: Economic Inquiry, 2021, 59 (1), 162-185
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13321
Optimal Incentives to Give
Marco Castillo, Ragan Petrie
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13207
Prosocial Behavior in the Time of COVID-19: The Effect of Private and Public Role Models
Martin Abel, Willa Brown
published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2022, 101, 101942
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13167
Heterogeneous Effects of Missing out on a Place at a Preferred Secondary School in England
Emma Gorman, Ian Walker
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2021, 81, 102082
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13097
Do Compulsory Schooling Laws Always Work? A Study of Youth Crime in Brazilian Municipalities
Marislei Nishijima, Sarmistha Pal
published as 'Compulsory Schooling Laws, Overcrowding and Youth Crime: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Brazilian Municipalities' in: Journal of Development Studies, 2023, 59 (10), 1589–1607
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13036
The Effect of Open-Air Waste Burning on Infant Health: Evidence from Government Failure in Lebanon
Pierre Mouganie, Ruba Ajeeb, Mark Hoekstra
published online in: Journal of Human Resources, 08 March 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12971
Long-Run Trends in the U.S. SES-Achievement Gap
Eric A. Hanushek, Paul E. Peterson, Laura M. Talpey, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Education Finance and Policy, 2022, 17 (4), 608-640
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12957
Efficiency Versus Equity in the Provision of In-Kind Benefits: Evidence from Cost Containment in the California WIC Program
Katherine Meckel, Maya Rossin-Slater, Lindsey Uniat
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12897
Elite School Designation and Housing Prices: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Beijing, China
Bin Huang, Xiaoyan He, Lei Xu, Yu Zhu
published in: Journal of Housing Economics, 2020, 50, 101730
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12839
Understanding Program Complementarities: Estimating the Dynamic Effects of a Training Program with Multiple Alternatives
Antonio Dalla-Zuanna, Kai Liu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12817
Delegation and Coordination with Multiple Threshold Public Goods: Experimental Evidence
Luca Corazzini, Christopher Cotton, Tommaso G. Reggiani
revised version published in: Experimental Economics, 2020, 23 (4), 1030-1068
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12814
Childcare and Maternal Employment: Evidence from Vietnam
Hai-Anh H Dang, Masako Hiraga, Cuong Viet Nguyen
published in: World Development, 2022, 159, 106022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12807
Selection into Experiments: Evidence from a Population of Students
Jonathan F. Schulz, Uwe Sunde, Petra Thiemann, Christian Thöni
revised version published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2022, 98, 101871
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12755
Do Start-Up Subsidies for the Unemployed Affect Participants' Well-Being? A Rigorous Look at (Un-)Intended Consequences of Labor Market Policies
Marco Caliendo, Stefan Tübbicke
published in: Evaluation Review, 2022, 46 (5), 517-554
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12731
How Do Low-Income Enrollees in the Affordable Care Act Marketplaces Respond to Cost-Sharing?
Kurt Lavetti, Thomas DeLeire, Nicolas R. Ziebarth
revised version published in: Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2023, 90 (1), 155 - 183
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12713
The Economic Benefits of Volunteering and Social Class
Robert M. Sauer, John Wilson, Noemi Mantovan
published in: Social Science Research, 2020, 85 (1), 102368
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12662
The Quasi-Market of Employment Services in Italy
Francesco Pastore
published in: Journal of Policy Modeling, 2020, 42 (6), 1248-1269.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12508
One Step at a Time: Does Gradualism Build Coordination?
Maoliang Ye, Jie Zheng, Plamen Nikolov, Samuel Asher
published in: Management Science, 2019, 66 (1), 113-129.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12506
Parental Beliefs, Investments, and Child Development: Evidence from a Large-Scale Experiment
Pedro Carneiro, Emanuela Galasso, Italo Lopez Garcia, Paula Bedregal, Miguel Cordero
revised version published as 'Impacts of a Large-Scale Parenting Program: Experimental Evidence from Chile' in: Journal of Political Economy, 2024, 132 (4), 1113–1161
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12261
New Evidence on Long-Term Effects of Start-Up Subsidies: Matching Estimates and Their Robustness
Marco Caliendo, Stefan Tübbicke
published in: Empirical Economics, 2020, 59 (4), 1605-1631
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12220
Policy in the Pipeline: Identifying Regional Public Investment Priorities Using a Natural Experiment
Michal Myck, Mateusz Najsztub
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12180
To What Do People Contribute? Ongoing Operations vs. Sustainable Supplies
Yuval Arbel, Ronen Bar-El, Mordechai E. Schwarz, Yossef Tobol
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12159
Local Norms Describing the Role of the State and the Private Provision of Training
Andreas Kuhn, Jürg Schweri, Stefan C. Wolter
revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 75, 102226
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11892
The Effect of Health Insurance Reform: Evidence from China
Huajing He, Patrick J. Nolen
published in: China Economic Review, 2019, 53, 168 - 179
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11848
Institutions, Culture, and Wetland Values
Mayula Chaikumbung, Chris Doucouliagos, Helen Scarborough
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11847
Growing Together: Assessing Equity and Efficiency in an Early-Life Health Program in Chile
Damian Clarke, Gustavo Cortés Méndez, Diego Vergara Sepúlveda
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2020, 33 (3), 883-956
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11797
Quasi-Experimental Methods in Environmental Economics: Opportunities and Challenges
Olivier Deschenes, Kyle C. Meng
published in: Handbook of Environmental Economics, 2018, Volume 4, 285-332
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11760
The Shape of Warm Glow: Field Experimental Evidence from a Fundraiser
Jeffrey P. Carpenter
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021, 191, 555-574
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11665
Narratives, Imperatives, and Moral Reasoning
Roland Benabou, Armin Falk, Jean Tirole
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11647
What Accounts for the US Ascendancy to Economic Superpower by the Early 20th Century: The Morrill Act – Human Capital Hypothesis
Isaac Ehrlich, Adam Cook, Yong Yin
published in: Journal of Human Capital, 2018, 12 (2), 233–281
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