IZA Discussion Papers | IZA@LISER Network

Henrekson, Magnus, and Lars Persson (2026). “Why Is Competition in the European Football Market Failing, and What Should Be Done About It?”. Economic Affairs 46(1), 59–75. doi.org/10.1111/ecaf.70024

IZA Discussion Paper No. 18354

Why Is Competition in the European Football Market Failing, and What Should Be Done About It?

Magnus Henrekson, Lars Persson

Henrekson, Magnus, and Lars Persson (2026). “Why Is Competition in the European Football Market Failing, and What Should Be Done About It?”. Economic Affairs 46(1), 59–75. doi.org/10.1111/ecaf.70024

IZA Discussion Paper No. 18334

Employment Impacts of the CHIPS Act

Bilge Erten, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Eric Verhoogen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 18201

Minimum Unit Pricing, Alcohol Consumption and Infant Health: Evidence from the Alice Springs Liquor Supply Plan

Steve Guthridge, Stefanie Schurer, Paige J. Taylor

IZA Discussion Paper No. 18179

In Pursuit of the Green Transition—Electricity at Any Cost?

Per Fahlén, Magnus Henrekson, Mats Nilsson

Fahlén , Per, Magnus Henrekson, and Mats Nilsson (2026). “In Pursuit of the Green Transition—Electricity at Any Cost?”. In Magnus Henrekson, Christian Sandström and Mikael Stenkula (Eds.), A Green Entrepreneurial State? Exploring the Pitfalls of Green Deals (149–172). Springer. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-15512-2_8

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17880

What Economists Should Know About the 340B Drug Discounting Program

Charles Courtemanche, Joseph Garuccio

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17834

The Green Transformation and the Costs of Market Fundamentalism

Tom Krebs, Isabella Weber

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17820

Exposure to Regulation and Income Inequality in Local Labor Markets: Evidence from the U.S. over the Past Half-Century

Andrey Stoyanov, Nick Zubanov

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17794

Climate Technology Entrepreneurship: A Primer

Wim Naudé

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17536

How Regulations Impact the Labor Market: A Review of the Literatures on Product and Labor Market Regulations

David Alzate, Eliana Carranza, Joana Duran-Franch, Truman Packard, Celina Proffen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 17075

The African Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Index: Conceptual, Methodological and Empirical Flaws and the Way Forward

Wim Naudé

published online in: Journal of Technology Transfer, 25 April 2025

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16835

Regulating Manufacturing FDI: Local Labor Market Responses to a Protectionist Policy in Indonesia

Esther Gehrke, Robert Genthner, Krisztina Kis-Katos

published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103563

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16705

The Role of Trainee Selection in the Effectiveness of Vocational Training: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nepal

Shyamal Chowdhury, Syed Hasan, Uttam Sharma

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16563

The Role of Regulation and Regional Government Quality for High Growth Firms: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

Sara Amoroso, Benedikt Herrmann, Alexander S. Kritikos

published in: Regional Studies, 2024, 58 (9), 1710–1727

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16483

Destructive Digital Entrepreneurship

Wim Naudé

published in: W. Naudé and B. Power (eds.), Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Conflict, Elgar, 2024, 292–328

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16408

Is Productive Entrepreneurship Getting Scarcer? A Reflection on the Contemporary Relevance of Baumol's Typology

Maria Minniti, Wim Naudé, Erik Stam

published in: W. Naudé and B. Power (eds.), Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Conflict, Elgar, 2024, 18 - 44

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15779

Investment Grants and Firms' Productivity: How Effective Is a Grant Booster Shot?

Fernando Alexandre, Miguel Chaves, Miguel Portela

published in: Small Business Economics, 2025, 64, 1601–1641

IZA Discussion Paper No. 15295

Safeguarding Consumers through Minimum Quality Standards: Milk Inspections and Urban Mortality, 1880-1910

D. Mark Anderson, Kerwin Kofi Charles, Michael McKelligott, Daniel I. Rees

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14729

Employer Sanctions: A Policy with a Pitfall?

Oded Stark, Marcin Jakubek

published in: Robert M. Sauer (ed.): World Scientific Handbook of Global Migration Volume 1: Immigration and the Labor Market: A Global View of Assimilation and its Aftermath, 2024, 205–223

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14299

More Than a Ban on Smoking? Behavioural Spillovers of Smoking Bans in the Workplace

Joan Costa-Font, Luca Salmasi, Sarah Zaccagni

published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2025, 58, 101512

IZA Discussion Paper No. 14082

The Impact of Regulation on Innovation

Philippe Aghion, Antonin Bergeaud, John Van Reenen

published in: American Economic Review, 2023, 113 (11), 2894 -2936

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13875

Export-Led Growth after COVID-19: The Case of Portugal

Wim Naudé, Martin Cameron

published in: Notas Economicas, 2021, 52 (1), 7–53

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13835

Extreme Events, Entrepreneurial Start-Ups, and Innovation: Theoretical Conjectures

Thomas Gries, Wim Naudé

published in: Economics of Disaster and Climate Change, 2021, 5, 329–353

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13829

Industrialization under Medieval Conditions? Global Development after COVID-19

Wim Naudé

published in: Covid Economics, 2020, 55 (4), 100-121.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13760

The Crisis and Job Guarantees in Urban India

Swati Dhingra, Stephen Machin

IZA Discussion Paper No. 13436

Entrepreneurial Recovery from COVID-19: Decentralization, Democratization, Demand, Distribution, and Demography

Wim Naudé

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12932

Policies in Hard Times: Assessing the Impact of Financial Crises on Structural Reforms

Gunes Gokmen, Tommaso Nannicini, Massimiliano Gaetano Onorato, Chris Papageorgiou

published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 131 (638), 2529-2552

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12777

Training, Human Capital, and Gender Gaps in Entrepreneurial Performance

Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye, Mona Said

published in: Economic Modelling, 2020, 85, 367-380

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12631

Does Light Touch Cluster Policy Work? Evaluating the Tech City Programme

Max Nathan

published in: Research Policy, 2022, 51 (9), 1104138

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12198

Networks, Start-Up Capital and Women's Entrepreneurial Performance in Africa: Evidence from Eswatini

Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye

published in: A. Bullough, D. Hechavarria, C. Brush and L. Edelman (eds.), Programs, Policies, & Practices: Fostering High-Growth Women’s Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12179

Slippery Fish: Enforcing Regulation under Subversive Adaptation

Andres Gonzalez-Lira, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak

IZA Discussion Paper No. 12042

Marshallian vs Jacobs Effects: Which One Is Stronger? Evidence for Russia Unemployment Dynamics

Olga Demidova, Alena Kolyagina, Francesco Pastore

published in: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2020, 55, 244-258.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11941

Brilliant Technologies and Brave Entrepreneurs: A New Narrative for African Manufacturing

Wim Naudé

published in: Journal of International Affairs, 2019, 72 (1), 143 - 158

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11788

The Impact of Employment Protection on the Industrial Wage Structure

John S. Heywood, Mary O'Mahony, W. Stanley Siebert, Ana Rincon-Aznar

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11582

The Unemployment Impact of Product and Labour Market Regulation: Evidence from European Countries

Céline Piton, François Rycx

published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2019, 9 (2), 1-32

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11498

Political Connections and Firms: Network Dimensions

Maurizio Bussolo, Simon Commander, Stavros Poupakis

published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2023, 75 (1), 256–280,

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11479

Organisational Accreditation and Worker Upskilling in Britain

Getinet Astatike Haile

published as 'Organisational accreditation, workforce training and perceptions of performance' in: Industrial Relations Journal, 2021, 52 (4), 291-314

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11196

Public Funding and Corporate Innovation

Mathias Beck, Martin Junge, Ulrich Kaiser

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11195

Cities and Entrepreneurs over Time: Like a Horse and Carriage?

Wim Naudé

revised version published as 'Urbanisation and Entrepreneurship in Development: Like a Horse and Carriage? 'in: Dastbaz,M., Naudé, W. and Manoochehri, J. (eds.), Smart Futures, Challenges of Urbanisation, and Social Sustainability, Springer, 2018, 29 - 47

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11092

Microdata for Social Sciences and Policy Evaluation as a Public Good

Ugo Trivellato

published in: Crato N. and P. Paruolo (eds,), Data-driven Policy Impact Evaluation: How Microdata is Transforming Policy Design, Springer, 2019, 27- 45

IZA Discussion Paper No. 11011

Before It Gets Better: The Short-Term Employment Costs of Regulatory Reforms

Andrea Bassanini, Federico Cingano

published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2019, 72 (1), 127-157

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10897

Do Environmental Regulations Effect FDI Decisions? The Pollution Haven Hypothesis Revisited

Haeyeon Yoon, Almas Heshmati

published in: Science and Public Policy, 2021, 48 (1), 122 - 131

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10297

Privatisation in Developing Countries: What Are the Lessons of Recent Experience?

Saul Estrin, Adeline Pelletier

published in: World Bank Research Observer, 2018, 33 (1), 65–102,

IZA Discussion Paper No. 10279

Start-Up Capital and Women's Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Swaziland

Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye

substantially revised and rewritten version available as IZA DP No.12198

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9817

Is European Entrepreneurship in Crisis?

Wim Naudé

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9632

Seniority Rules, Worker Mobility and Wages: Evidence from Multi-Country Linked Employer-Employee Data

Petri Böckerman, Per Skedinger, Roope Uusitalo

published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 51, 48-62

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9292

Health Insurance Benefit Mandates and the Firm-Size Distribution

James Bailey, Douglas A. Webber

published in: Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2018, 85 (2), 577-595

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9273

Gender and Constraints to Entrepreneurship in Africa: New Evidence from Swaziland

Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye

published in: Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 2016, 5, 1- 8

IZA Discussion Paper No. 9267

Finance and Growth at the Firm Level: Evidence from SBA Loans

J. David Brown, John S. Earle

publlished in: Journal of Finance, 2017, 72 (3), 1039 - 1080

IZA Discussion Paper No. 8888

A Retrospective Look at Rescuing and Restructuring General Motors and Chrysler

Austan D. Goolsbee, Alan B. Krueger

published in: Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2015, 29 (2), 3–24

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7882

Interacting Product and Labor Market Regulation and the Impact of Immigration on Native Wages

Susanne Prantl, Alexandra Spitz-Oener

published as 'The Impact of Immigration on Competing Natives’ Wages: Evidence from German Reunification' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2020, 102 (1), 79–97

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7653

The Wider Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Migrants: A Survey of the Literature

Max Nathan

published in: IZA Journal of Migration 2014, 3:4

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7544

Do SBA Loans Create Jobs?

J. David Brown, John S. Earle

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7543

Industrialization Lessons from BRICS: A Comparative Analysis

Wim Naudé, Adam Szirmai, Alejandro Lavopa

published as 'Industrialisation and Technological Change in the BRICS: The Role of Foreign and Domestic Investment' in: W. Naudé, A. Szirmai, and N. Haraguch (eds.), Structural Change and Industrial Development in the BRICS, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2015

IZA Discussion Paper No. 7241

Firm Size Distortions and the Productivity Distribution: Evidence from France

Luis Garicano, Claire Lelarge, John Van Reenen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 6637

Survey of Models on Demand, Customer Base-Line and Demand Response and Their Relationships in the Power Market

Almas Heshmati

published in: Journal of Economics Surveys, 2014, 28(5), 862-888.

IZA Discussion Paper No. 6323

The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy

Chiara Criscuolo, Ralf Martin, Henry Overman, John Van Reenen

pubished as 'Some Causal Effects pubished as 'Some Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy' in: American Economic Review, 2019, 109 (1), 48–85of an Industrial Policy' in: American Economic Review, 2019, 109 (1), 48–85

IZA Discussion Paper No. 6061

Add-on Pricing, Naive Consumers, and the Hidden Welfare Costs of Education

Michael Kosfeld, Ulrich Schüwer

published as 'Add-on Pricing in Retail Financial Markets and the Fallacies of Consumer Education' in: Review of Finance, 2017, 21 (3), 1189 - 1216

IZA Discussion Paper No. 5511

Does Anti-Competitive Regulation Matter for Productivity? Evidence from European Firms

Jens Arnold, Giuseppe Nicoletti, Stefano Scarpetta

IZA Discussion Paper No. 5505

Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market

Morris M. Kleiner, Alan B. Krueger

published in: Labor Economics, 2013, 31 (S1, Part 2), S173–S202

IZA Discussion Paper No. 4740

Policies to Promote Growth and Economic Efficiency in Mexico

Francisco Javier Arias-Vazquez, Oliver Azuara, Pedro Bernal, James J. Heckman, Cajeme Villarreal

IZA Discussion Paper No. 4486

SME Policy and Firms’ Productivity in Latin America

Pablo Ibarrarán, Alessandro Maffioli, Rodolfo Stucchi

IZA Discussion Paper No. 4221

How Does Entry Regulation Influence Entry into Self-Employment and Occupational Mobility?

Susanne Prantl, Alexandra Spitz-Oener

published in: Economics of Transition, 2009, 17 (4), 769-802

IZA Discussion Paper No. 3888

Do Small Businesses Create More Jobs? New Evidence for the United States from the National Establishment Time Series

David Neumark, Brandon Wall, Junfu Zhang

published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2011, 93(1), 16-29

IZA Discussion Paper No. 3213

A Model for Industrial Development of the Federal Region of Kurdistan: Science and Technology Policy, Instruments and Institutions

Almas Heshmati

published in: Heshmati, The Economy of Southern Kurdistan, New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2010

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2960

National Champion versus Foreign Takeover

Jens Suedekum

published in: Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'économique, 2010, 43 (1), 204-231

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2770

Employment Outcomes and the Interaction Between Product and Labor Market Deregulation: Are They Substitutes or Complements?

Giuseppe Fiori, Giuseppe Nicoletti, Stefano Scarpetta, Fabio Schiantarelli

published as "Employment Effects of Product and Labour Market Reforms: Are There Synergies?" in: Economic Journal, 2012, 122 (558), 79-104

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2689

An Analysis of Hospital Efficiency and Productivity Growth Using the Luenberger Productivity Indicator

Carlos Pestana Barros, Antonio Menezes, José António Cabral Vieira, Nicolas Peypoch, Bernardin Solonandrasana

published in: Health Care Management Science, 2008, 11 (4), 373-381

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2335

Wage Mobility in Israel: The Effect of Sectoral Concentration

Ana Rute Cardoso, Shoshana Neuman, Adrian Ziderman

published in: Journal of Labor Research, 2010, 31 (2), 146-161

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2220

Cross-Border Mergers and National Champions in an Integrating Economy

Jens Suedekum

published in: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 2008, 164 (3), 477-508

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2150

Regulatory Barriers and Entry in Developing Economies

John Bennett, Saul Estrin

published in Review of Development Economics, 2013, 17, 685-698

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2086

Reforms, Entry and Productivity: Some Evidence from the Indian Manufacturing Sector

Sumon K. Bhaumik, Shubhashis Gangopadhyay, Shagun Krishnan

published as 'Reforms and Entry: Some Evidence from the Indian Manufacturing Sector' in: Review of Development Economics, 2009, 13 (4), 658-672

IZA Discussion Paper No. 2068

From Golden Age to Golden Age: Australia's "Great Leap Forward"?

Paul Frijters, Bob Gregory

published in: The Economic Record, 82 (257) 2006, 207-224

IZA Discussion Paper No. 1791

Product Market Regulation and Macroeconomic Performance: A Review of Cross Country Evidence

Fabio Schiantarelli

published in: N. Loayza and L. Serven (eds): The Microeconomic Underpinning of Growth, The World Bank, 2010

IZA Discussion Paper No. 842

Rent Control and Unemployment Duration

Michael Svarer, Michael Rosholm, Jakob R. Munch

published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2005, 89 (11-12), 2165-2181

IZA Discussion Paper No. 833

Structural Reforms and the Macroeconomy: The Role of General Equilibrium Effects

Hans Gersbach

published in: R. Solow (ed.), Macroeconomics and Structural Reform, Palgrave 2004

IZA Discussion Paper No. 747

Sectoral Structure and Entry Regulations

Julián Messina

revised version published as 'The role of product market regulations in the process of structural change' in: European Economic Review, 2006, 50 (7), 1863-1890

IZA Discussion Paper No. 634

Doctors Without Borders: The Returns to an Occupational License for Soviet Immigrant Physicians in Israel

Adriana Kugler, Robert M. Sauer

published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2005, 23 (3), 437-466

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