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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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180 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18145
Effects of Team Diversity on Individual Performance and Voice: A Field Experiment of Group Composition by Gender and Language
Valentina Contreras, Chiara Orsini, Berkay Özcan, Johann Koehler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17962
Voting Among Siblings
Michael D. Bloem, John B. Holbein, Samuel J. Imlay, Jonathan Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17690
Human Capital Spillovers and the External Returns to Education
Pedro Portugal, Hugo Reis, Paulo Guimaraes, Ana Rute Cardoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17628
Dishonesty Concessions in Teams: Theory and Experimental Insights from Local Politicians in India
Arnab K. Basu, Nancy H. Chau, Anustup Kundu, Kunal Sen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17576
On-the-Job Learning: How Peers and Experience Drive Productivity Among Teachers
Romaine A. Campbell, Seth Gershenson, Constance A. Lindsay, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Jessica H. Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17446
Gritty Peers
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Yaming Cao, Ezgi Kaya
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17443
Peer Effects and Marriage Formation
Abigail Wozniak, Michael T. Baker, Susan P. Carter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17362
The Effectiveness of Teamwork for Student Academic Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Ritwik Banerjee, Niels-Hugo Blunch, Daniele Cassese, Nabanita Datta Gupta, Paolo Pin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17358
Estimating Peer Effects among College Students: Evidence from a Field Experiment of One-to-One Pairings in STEM
Robert W. Fairlie, Daniel Oliver, Glenn Millhauser, Randa Roland
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17292
Heterogeneity in Peer Effects of Obesity
Kiersten Strombotne, Sophia Day, Kevin Konty, Jason M. Fletcher
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17289
Competitive Peers: The Way to Higher Paying Jobs?
Claudio Schilter, Samuel Lüthi, Stefan C. Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17222
When Do Ordinal Ability Rank Effects Emerge? Evidence from the Timing of School Closures
Marco Bertoni, Saeideh Parkam
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17082
The Impact of Peer Performance and Relative Rank on Managerial Career Attainment: Evidence from College Students
Rafael Perez Ribas, Breno Sampaio, Giuseppe Trevisan
pubished in: Management Science, 2025, 71 (5), 4510–4531
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16998
Identifying Peer Effects in Networks with Unobserved Effort and Isolated Students
Aristide Houndetoungan, Cristelle Kouame, Michael Vlassopoulos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16982
Informal Social Interactions, Academic Achievement and Behavior: Evidence from Peers on the School Bus
Matthew A. Lenard, Mikko Silliman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16969
Integrating Minorities in the Classroom: The Role of Students, Parents, and Teachers
Alexandra de Gendre, Krzysztof Karbownik, Nicolás Salamanca, Yves Zenou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16847
Peer Creativity and Academic Achievement
Max van Lent
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16830
Peer Effects on Violence: Experimental Evidence from El Salvador
Lelys Dinarte Diaz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16769
Keeping Up with the Jansens: Causal Peer Effects on Household Spending, Beliefs and Happiness
Maarten van Rooij, Olivier Coibion, Dimitris Georgarakos, Bernardo Candia, Yuriy Gorodnichenko
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16721
Birds of a Feather Earn Together. Gender and Peer Effects at the Workplace
Julián Messina, Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano, Anastasia Terskaya
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16689
Female Classmates, Disruption, and STEM Outcomes in Disadvantaged Schools: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16453
Spillovers in Fields of Study: Siblings, Cousins, and Neighbors
Stanislav Avdeev, Nadine Ketel, Hessel Oosterbeek, Bas van der Klaauw
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 238, 105193.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16374
Persistence of the Spillover Effects of Violence and Educational Trajectories
María Padilla-Romo, Cecilia Peluffo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16354
Towards a General Theory of Peer Effects
Vincent Boucher, Michelle Rendall, Philip Ushchev, Yves Zenou
published in: Econometrica, 2024, 92 (2), 543-565
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16258
Spillover Effects of Black Teachers on White Teachers' Racial Competency: Mixed Methods Evidence from North Carolina
Seth Gershenson, Constance A. Lindsay, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Romaine A. Campbell, Jessica H. Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16234
Pricing Neighborhoods
Sadegh S. M. Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Goya Razavi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16198
First Generation College Students and Peer Effects
Michael S. Kofoed, Todd R. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16180
Overconfident Boys: The Gender Gap in Mathematics Self-Assessment
Anna Adamecz, John Jerrim, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Nikki Shure
published as 'Peers, parents, and self-perceptions: the gender gap in mathematics self-assessment' in: Journal of Population Economics, 2025, 38, 33 (2025)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15964
Does the Closeness of Peers Matter? An Investigation Using Online Training Platform Data and Survey Data
Xin Gu, Haizheng Li
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15840
Homophily and Transmission of Behavioral Traits in Social Networks
Palaash Bhargava, Daniel L. Chen, Matthias Sutter, Camille Terrier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15785
Reference Dependent Aspirations and Peer Effects in Education
Marco Fongoni, Jonathan Norris, Agnese Romiti, Zhan Shi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15733
Female Neighbors, Test Scores, and Careers
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15431
Stigma in Welfare Programs
Pablo Celhay, Bruce D. Meyer, Nikolas Mittag
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15378
Sitting Next to a Dropout: Academic Success of Students with More Educated Peers
Daniel Goller, Andrea Diem, Stefan C. Wolter
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2023, 93, 102372
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15257
Peers Affect Personality Development
Xiaoyue Shan, Ulf Zölitz
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 28 January 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15187
The Effect of Foreign Students on Native Students' Outcomes in Higher Education
Julián Costas-Fernández, Greta Morando
published in: European Economic Review, 2023, 160, 104595
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15131
Peer Effects in the Workplace: A Network Approach
Matthew J. Lindquist, Jan Sauermann, Yves Zenou
revised version available here
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15131
Peer Effects in the Workplace: A Network Approach
Matthew J. Lindquist, Jan Sauermann, Yves Zenou
revised version available here
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15131
Peer Effects in the Workplace: A Network Approach
Matthew J. Lindquist, Jan Sauermann, Yves Zenou
revised version available here
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15128
Rank Effects in Education: What Do We Know So Far?
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook fo Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15109
Sibling Spillovers and the Choice to Get Vaccinated: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design
Maria Knoth Humlum, Marius Opstrup Morthorst, Peter Rønø Thingholm
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2024, 94, 102843
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15070
Heterogeneous Peer Effects under Endogenous Selection: An Application to Local and Migrant Children in Elementary Schools in Shanghai
Yuanyuan Chen, Shuaizhang Feng, Chao Yang
published in: China Economic Review, 2024, 87, 102207
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14952
Effects of Childhood Peers on Personality Skills
Shuaizhang Feng, Jun Hyung Kim, Zhe Yang
forthcoming in: Journal of Labor Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14678
Early-Years Multi-Grade Classes and Pupil Attainment
Daniel Borbely, Markus Gehrsitz, Stuart McIntyre, Gennaro Rossi, Graeme Roy
published in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics. 2023, 85, (6), 1295-1319
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14439
Peer Gender and Schooling: Evidence from Ethiopia
Daniel Borbely, Jonathan Norris, Agnese Romiti
published in: Journal of Human Capital, 2023, 17 (2), 207–249
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14412
Tracking the Herd with a Shotgun — Why Do Peers Influence College Major Selection?
Michael Insler, Ahmed S. Rahman, Katherine Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14320
Achievement Rank Affects Performance and Major Choices in College
Benjamin Elsner, Ingo E. Isphording, Ulf Zölitz
published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 640 (131), 3182 - 3206.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14219
The Impact of Gender Role Norms on Mothers' Labor Supply
Danilo Cavapozzi, Marco Francesconi, Cheti Nicoletti
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2021, 186, 113-134
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14136
The Importance of Peer Quality for Completion of Higher Education
Maria Knoth Humlum, Mette Thorsager
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2021, 83, 102120
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14092
Learning about Farming: Innovation and Social Networks in a Resettled Community in Brazil
Margherita Comola, Carla Inguaggiato, Mariapia Mendola
revised version published as 'Social Networks and Economic Transformation: Evidence from a Resettled Village in Brazil' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2024, 221, 17-34
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14037
Between the Dockyard and the Deep Blue Sea: Retention and Personnel Economics in the Royal Navy
Darrell J. Glaser, Ahmed S. Rahman
published in: Labour Economics 2023, 84, 102407
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14014
The Distinct Impact of Information and Incentives on Cheating
Julien Benistant, Fabio Galeotti, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published as 'Competition, information, and the erosion of morals' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2022, 204, 148-163,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13968
High-Ability Influencers? The Heterogeneous Effects of Gifted Classmates
Simone Balestra, Aurélien Sallin, Stefan C. Wolter
published in: Journal of Human Resources 2023, 58 (2), 633-665;
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13965
When the Great Equalizer Shuts Down: Schools, Peers, and Parents in Pandemic Times
Francesco Agostinelli, Matthias Doepke, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Fabrizio Zilibotti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13906
Parents, Neighbors and Youth Crime
Carlos Díaz, Eleonora Patacchini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13872
Own Motivation, Peer Motivation, and Educational Success
Jan Bietenbeck
revised version published online as 'Do Motivated Classmates Matter for Educational Success?' in: Economic Journal, 27 June 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13680
Peers, Gender, and Long-Term Depression
Corrado Giulietti, Michael Vlassopoulos, Yves Zenou
published in: European Economic Review, 144, 104084, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13464
School Choice Design, Risk Aversion, and Cardinal Segregation
Caterina Calsamiglia, Francisco Martínez-Mora, Antonio Miralles
published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 131 (635), 1081–1104
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13448
Peer Effects and Fertility Preferences in China: Evidence from the China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey
Peng Nie, Lu Wang, Alfonso Sousa-Poza
published online in: Singapore Economic Review, 2021
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13396
The Effect of Peer Gender on Major Choice in Business School
Ulf Zölitz, Jan Feld
published in: Management Science, 2021, 67 (11), 6936-6979
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13313
Comparative Advantage and Gender Gap in STEM
Sofoklis Goulas, Silvia Griselda, Rigissa Megalokonomou
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2024, 59 (6), 1937-1980
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13161
It Takes a Village: The Economics of Parenting with Neighborhood and Peer Effects
Francesco Agostinelli, Matthias Doepke, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Fabrizio Zilibotti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13127
Sibling Spillover in Rural China: A Story of Sisters and Daughters
Cynthia Bansak, Xuan Jiang, Guanyi Yang
published as 'Sibling spillovers in rural China: A story of sisters' in: China Economic Review, 2022, 76, 101873
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13111
Does Domestic Violence Jeopardize the Learning Environment of Peers within the School? Peer Effects of Exposure to Domestic Violence in Urban Peru
Italo A. Gutierrez, Oswaldo Molina
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12848
Peer Networks and Entrepreneurship: A Pan-African RCT
Fernando Vega-Redondo, Paolo Pin, Diego Ubfal, Cristiana Benedetti-Fasil, Charles Brummitt, Gaia Rubera, Dirk Hovy, Tommaso Fornaciari
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12789
Ordinal Rank and Peer Composition: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Marco Bertoni, Roberto Nistico
published as 'Ordinal rank and the structure of ability peer effects' in: Journal of Public Economics, 2023, 217, 104797
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12763
Not Only in My Genes: The Effects of Peers' Genotype on Obesity
Giorgio Brunello, Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano, Anastasia Terskaya
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2020, 72, 102349
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12582
Exposure to More Female Peers Widens the Gender Gap in STEM Participation
Anne Ardila Brenøe, Ulf Zölitz
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2020, 38 (4), 1009-1054
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12534
Crime and Networks: 10 Policy Lessons
Matthew J. Lindquist, Yves Zenou
published in: Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2019, 35 (4), 746 - 771
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12455
High-Performing Peers and Female STEM Choices in School
Pierre Mouganie, Yaojing Wang
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2020, 38 (3), 805 - 841
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12202
Peer Diversity, College Performance and Educational Choices
Arnaud Chevalier, Ingo E. Isphording, Elena Lisauskaite
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2020, 64, 101833
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12108
The Economics of Parenting
Matthias Doepke, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Fabrizio Zilibotti
published in: Annual Review of Economics, 2019, 11, 55-84
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12054
Education Spillovers within the Workplace
Kristian Hedeager Bentsen, Jakob R. Munch, Georg Schaur
published in: Economics Letters, 2019, 175, 57-59
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11919
Competing on the Holodeck: The Effect of Virtual Peers and Heterogeneity in Dynamic Tournaments
Frederik Graff, Christian Grund, Christine Harbring
published in: Journal of Behavioral & Experimental Economics 2021, 90, 101596
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11910
Does the Girl Next Door Affect Your Academic Outcomes and Career Choices?
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11909
Race-Blind Admissions, School Segregation, and Student Outcomes: Evidence from Race-Blind Magnet School Lotteries
Jason B. Cook
published as 'Race-blind admissions, school segregation, and student outcomes' in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 239, 105237
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11770
Is Good Health Contagious? The Impact of BMI Environment on Individual BMI
Caitlin McKennie, Laura M. Argys, Andrew I. Friedson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11546
Learning Hope and Optimism: Classmate Experiences and Adolescent Development
Jason M. Fletcher, Jin Ho Kim
published in: Applied Economics Letters, 2019, 26 (5), 409-412
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11419
The Returns to Schooling Unveiled
Ana Rute Cardoso, Paulo Guimaraes, Pedro Portugal, Hugo Reis
part 1 of this paper published online as 'What Lies Behind the Returns to Schooling: The Role of Labor Market Sorting and Worker Heterogeneity' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 22 August 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11365
The Impact of Self-Selection on Performance
Lukas Kiessling, Jonas Radbruch, Sebastian Schaube
substantially revised version published as ' Self-Selection of Peers and Performance' in Management Science, 2022, 68 (11), 7793 - 8514
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11334
Intergenerational Spillovers in Disability Insurance
Gordon B. Dahl, Anne C. Gielen
published in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2021, 13 (2), 116-150
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11267
Better Together? Social Networks in Truancy and the Targeting of Treatment
Magdalena Bennett, Peter Bergman
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2021, 39 (1), 1-36
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11200
Parents, Siblings and Schoolmates: The Effects of Family-School Interactions on Educational Achievement and Long-Term Labor Market Outcomes
Marco Bertoni, Giorgio Brunello, Lorenzo Cappellari
published as 'Who benefits from privileged peers? Evidence from siblings in schools' in: Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2020, 35 (7), 893 - 916
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11124
Building Human or Criminal Capital? School Peer Effects on Future Offending
Britt Ostergaard Larsen, Nicolai Kristensen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11027
The Effect of Immigrant Peers in Vocational Schools
Tommaso Frattini, Elena Meschi
published in: European Economic Review, 2019, 113, 1-22
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11024
The Persistent Effects of Short-Term Peer Groups in Higher Education
Petra Thiemann
revised version published in: Management Science, 2022, 68( 2), 1131-1148
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10797
Adults Behaving Badly: The Effects of Own and Peer Parents' Incarceration on Adolescent Criminal Activities
Jason M. Fletcher
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10783
How Do Peers Impact Learning? An Experimental Investigation of Peer-To-Peer Teaching and Ability Tracking
Erik O. Kimbrough, Andrew McGee, Hitoshi Shigeoka
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2022, 57 (1), 304-339.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10743
Foreign Peer Effects and STEM Major Choice
Massimo Anelli, Kevin Y. Shih, Kevin Williams
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10701
Cognitive, Socioemotional and Behavioral Returns to College Quality
Utteeyo Dasgupta, Subha Mani, Smriti Sharma, Saurabh Singhal
published as 'Effects of Peers and Rank on Cognition, Preferences, and Personality' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 104 (3), 587 - 601
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10588
Gender and Peer Effects in Social Networks
Julie Beugnot, Bernard Fortin, Guy Lacroix, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published in: European Economic Review, 2019, 113, 207-224
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10586
Girls Helping Girls: The Impact of Female Peers on Grades and Educational Choices
Pal Schone, Kristine von Simson, Marte Strom
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10526
Parents and Peers: Parental Neighbourhood- and School-Level Variation in Individual Neighbourhood Outcomes over Time
Elise de Vuijst, Maarten van Ham
published in: European Sociological Review, 2019, 35 (1), 15–28
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10483
Brothers in Arms: Spillovers from a Draft Lottery
Paul Bingley, Petter Lundborg, Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen
published online in: Journal of Human Resources, 06 August 2019
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10384
Performance in Mixed-Sex and Single-Sex Tournaments: What We Can Learn from Speedboat Races in Japan
Alison L. Booth, Eiji Yamamura
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2018, 100 (4), 581 - 593
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10238
Does Classroom Gender Composition Affect School Dropout?
Bulent Anil, Duygu Guner, Tuba Toru Delibasi, Gokce Uysal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10173
Peer Effects in Parental Leave Decisions
Clara Welteke, Katharina Wrohlich
published in: Labour Economics, 2019, 56 (2), 146-163.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10070
Young Adults Living with Their Parents and the Influence of Peers
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Ezgi Kaya
published in: The Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2018, 80 (3), 689-713
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10065
The Impact of Immigrant Peers on Native Students' Academic Achievement in Countries Where Parents of Immigrants Are Relatively Skilled
Kelvin Seah
published in: Australian Economic Review, 2021, 54(1), 94-116
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9985
Neighborhood Effects, Peer Classification, and the Decision of Women to Work
Nuno Mota, Eleonora Patacchini, Stuart S. Rosenthal
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