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IZA Discussion Papers

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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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1,385 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17210
Parental Leave: Economic Incentives and Cultural Change
James Albrecht, Per-Anders Edin, Raquel Fernández, Jiwon Lee, Peter Skogman Thoursie, Susan Vroman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17196
The Effect of Export Market Access on Labor Market Power: Firm-Level Evidence from Vietnam
Trang Hoang, Devashish Mitra, Hoang Pham
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17170
The Long Run Gender Origins of Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Australia's Convict History
Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, Simon Chang, Russell Smyth, Trong-Anh Trinh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17151
Gender Gaps in Time Use: Pan-European Evidence from School Closures during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Benjamin Elsner, Manvi Jindal, Massimiliano Mascherini, Sanna Nivakoski
forthcoming in: Economic and Social Review
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17134
Separate Housework Spheres
Jonas Jessen, Sebastian Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Felix Weinhardt, Jan Berkes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17127
Effects of Parental Death on Labor Market Outcomes and Gender Inequalities
Mathias Fjællegaard Jensen, Ning Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17126
The Labor Market Effects of Drug-Related Violence in a Transit Country
Andres Ham Gonzalez, Juanita Ruiz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17123
Beyond Borders: Do Gender Norms and Institutions Affect Female Businesses?
Holger Görg, Ina C. Jäkel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17122
Education, Gender, and Family Formation
Hanna Virtanen, Mikko Silliman, Tiina Kuuppelomäki, Kristiina Huttunen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17115
The #Metoo Movement and Judges' Gender Gap in Decisions
Xiqian Cai, Shuai Chen, Zhengquan Cheng
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17105
ICT Skills and Labor Market Outcomes in India: Evidence from Cell Tower Expansion
Mehtabul Azam, M. Shahe Emran, Forhad Shilpi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17103
Gender Gaps across the Spectrum of Development: Local Talent and Firm Productivity
Nava Ashraf, Oriana Bandiera, Virginia Minni, Víctor Quintas-Martínez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17081
Gender Bias in the Reelection of Politicians (When a Crisis Strikes)
Zohal Hessami, Temurbek Khasanboev
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17077
Decoding Gender Bias: The Role of Personal Interaction
Abdelrahman Amer, Ashley C Craig, Clémentine Van Effenterre
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17063
The Gender Pay Gap at the Early Stages of Academic Careers
Iga Magda, Jacek Bieliński, Marzena Feldy, Anna Knapińska
published online in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 27 January 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17054
Teacher Value-Added and the Test Score Gender Gap
Andrés García-Echalar, Sebastián Poblete, Tomas Rau
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102588
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17050
The Effects of Compulsory Schooling on Health and Hospitalization over the Life Cycle
Markus Gehrsitz, Morgan C. Williams, Jr.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17033
The Underconfidence Wage Penalty
Anna Adamecz, Nikki Shure
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17033
The Underconfidence Wage Penalty
Anna Adamecz, Nikki Shure
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17029
Do Female Experts Face an Authority Gap? Evidence from Economics
Hans Henrik Sievertsen, Sarah Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17018
Family and Career: An Analysis across Europe and North America
Luis Guirola, Laura Hospido, Andrea Weber
published in online: Fiscal Studies, 2024, 45 (2), 243 - 257
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17016
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation
Riccardo Marchingiglio, Mikhail Poyker
forthcoming in: Journal of Labor Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16990
Effects of Mandatory Residencies on Female Physicians' Specialty Choices: Evidence from Japan's New Medical Residency Program
Tsunao Okumura, Yuko Ueno, Emiko Usui
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 90, 102566
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16980
Half Empty and Half Full? Women in Economics and the Rise in Gender-Related Research
Francisca M. Antman, Kirk Doran, Xuechao Qian, Bruce A. Weinberg
published in: AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2024, 114, 226-231
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16977
The Parental Wage Gap and the Development of Socio-Emotional Skills in Children
Paul Hufe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16959
Is There Really a Child Penalty in the Long Run? New Evidence from IVF Treatments
Petter Lundborg, Erik Plug, Astrid Würtz Rasmussen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16955
Are Parents an Obstacle to Gender-Atypical Occupational Choices?
Stefan C. Wolter, Thea Zöllner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16954
Honesty of Groups: Effects of Size and Gender Composition
Gerd Muehlheusser, Timo Promann, Andreas Roider, Niklas Wallmeier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16950
What Works in Supporting Women-Led Businesses?
Diego Ubfal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16941
Do Female–Owned Employment Agencies Mitigate Discrimination and Expand Opportunity for Women?
Jennifer Hunt, Carolyn Moehling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16938
Meritocracy across Countries
Oriana Bandiera, Ananya Kotia, Ilse Lindenlaub, Christian Moser, Andrea Prat
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16918
Gender Differences in Graduate Degree Choices
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2025, 230, 106882
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16918
Gender Differences in Graduate Degree Choices
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2025, 230, 106882
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16907
Well-Being throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Gendered Effects of Daycare and School Closures
Mathias Huebener, Sevrin Waights, C. Katharina Spieß
published in: K. Couch (ed.), Handbook of Inequality and COVID-19, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2025, 183 - 197
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16896
The Gender Division of Work across Countries
Charles Gottlieb, Cheryl Doss, Douglas Gollin, Markus Poschke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16896
The Gender Division of Work across Countries
Charles Gottlieb, Cheryl Doss, Douglas Gollin, Markus Poschke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16890
There and Back Again: Women's Marginal Commuting Costs
Annette Bergemann, Stephan Brunow, Isabel Stockton
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16890
There and Back Again: Women's Marginal Commuting Costs
Annette Bergemann, Stephan Brunow, Isabel Stockton
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16871
Child Penalties and the Gender Gap in Home Production and the Labor Market
Pim Koopmans, Max van Lent, Jim Been
published in: Journal of Economic Literature, 2023, 61 (4), 1359–1409
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16860
Gender Disparities in Inflation during the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe: A Novel Decomposition
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16860
Gender Disparities in Inflation during the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe: A Novel Decomposition
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16852
Gender Difference in Household Consumption: Some Convergence over Three Decades
Cathal O'Donoghue, Karina Doorley, Denisa Maria Sologon
published in: Economic and Social Review, 2024, 55(3), 357-386
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16845
Do Recruiters Penalize Men Who Prefer Low Hours? Evidence from Online Labor Market Data
Daniel Kopp
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16820
The Gendered Nature of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Eugenio Peluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16820
The Gendered Nature of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Eugenio Peluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16820
The Gendered Nature of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Eugenio Peluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16820
The Gendered Nature of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Eugenio Peluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16818
Disparities in Psychological Traits and Income: Race, Ethnicity, and Gender in the U.S.
Aurelie Dariel, John C. Ham, Nikos Nikiforakis, Jan Stoop
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16800
The Labour Market Returns to Graduation: Reconciling Administrative and Survey Data Estimates
Anna Adamecz, Matt Dickson, Nikki Shure
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16782
Do Women Fare Worse When Men Are Around? Quasi-Experimental Evidence
Marcela Gomez-Ruiz, María Cervini-Plá, Xavier Ramos
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