The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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2,292 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15502
Income Taxes, Gross Hourly Wages, and the Anatomy of Behavioral Responses: Evidence from a Danish Tax Reform
Kazuhiko Sumiya, Jesper Bagger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15499
Minimum Wages and Restaurant Employment for Teens and Adults in Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan Areas
John V. Winters
published in: Journal of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association (JAAEA), 2022, 1 (3), 254-269
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15482
Migration and Firm-Level Productivity
Richard Fabling, David C. Maré, Philip Stevens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15437
New Perspectives on Inequality in Latin America
Manuel Fernandez Sierra, Gabriela Serrano
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15426
Skill Downgrading among Refugees and Economic Immigrants in Germany: Evidence from the Syrian Refugee Crisis
Plamen Nikolov, Leila Salarpour Goodarzi, David Titus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15417
The Over-Education Wage Penalty among PhD Holders: A European Perspective
François Rycx, Giulia Santosuosso, Guillaume Vermeylen
published in: Education Economics, 2025, 33 (1), 53-75
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15411
Mending the Gap: Apparel Export Prices and the Gender Wage Gap in Bangladesh
Raymond Robertson, Deeksha Kokas, Diego Cardozo Medeiros, Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15385
The Shift to Remote Work Lessens Wage-Growth Pressures
José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Brent Meyer, Emil Mihaylov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15385
The Shift to Remote Work Lessens Wage-Growth Pressures
José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Brent Meyer, Emil Mihaylov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15368
A Shot at Economic Prosperity: Long-Term Effects of India's Childhood Immunization Program on Earnings and Consumption Expenditure
Amit Summan, Arindam Nandi, David E. Bloom
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15363
Can Wage Transparency Alleviate Gender Sorting in the Labor Market?
Omar Bamieh, Lennart Ziegler
published online in: Economic Policy, eiae025, 25 April 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15357
Earnings Discrimination in the Workplace
John Forth, Nikolaos Theodoropoulos
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermannn (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, Cham. 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15357
Earnings Discrimination in the Workplace
John Forth, Nikolaos Theodoropoulos
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermannn (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, Cham. 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15355
Population Adjustment to Asymmetric Labour Market Shocks in India: A Comparison to Europe and the United States at Two Different Regional Levels
Franziska Braschke, Patrick A. Puhani
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15345
Does the Employment Effect of National Minimum Wage Vary by Non-employment Rate? A Regression Discontinuity Approach
Lei Xu, Yu Zhu
published in: Manchester School, 2023, 91 (1), 18 - 36
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15340
Minimum Wages in Developing Countries
Tony Fang, Viet Hoang Ha
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermannn (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15337
'Since You're So Rich, You Must Be Really Smart': Talent, Rent Sharing, and the Finance Wage Premium
Michael Johannes Böhm, Daniel Metzger, Per Strömberg
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2023, 90 (5), 2215–2260,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15333
Evolution of Union Wages and Determinants
Tony Fang, John Hartley
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15325
Days of Work over a Half Century: The Rise of the Four-Day Week
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Jeff E. Biddle
published in: ILR Review, 2025, 78 (1), 37-61
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15317
The Economic and Fiscal Effects on the United States from Reduced Numbers of Refugees and Asylum Seekers
Michael A. Clemens
published in: Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2022, 38 (3), 449-486.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15312
The Labour Supply of Mothers
Hélène Turon
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15309
Training, Productivity and Wages: Direct Evidence from a Temporary Help Agency
Xinwei Dong, Dean R. Hyslop, Daiji Kawaguchi
published as 'Skill, Productivity, and Wages: Direct Evidence from a Temporary Help Agency' in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2024, 42 (S1), 133-181.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15307
Perceived Returns to Job Search
Abi Adams-Prassl, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, Christopher Rauh
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 80, 102307
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15300
Real Estate Agent Earnings and Local Housing Prices
Barry Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, Zichong (Tom) Qu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15300
Real Estate Agent Earnings and Local Housing Prices
Barry Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, Zichong (Tom) Qu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15293
Monopsony Makes Firms Not Only Small but Also Unproductive: Why East Germany Has Not Converged
Rüdiger Bachmann, Christian Bayer, Heiko Stüber, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15283
Minimum Wages and the Rise in Solo Self-Employment
Angelika Ganserer, Terry Gregory, Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15282
What's across the Border? Re-Evaluating the Cross-Border Evidence on Minimum Wage Effects
Priya Ranjan, David Neumark, Antonio Rodriguez-Lopez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15281
Gender Gaps in Early Wage Expectations
Andreas Leibing, Frauke Peter, Sevrin Waights, C. Katharina Spieß
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2023, 94, 102398
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15279
The Full Returns to the Choice of Occupation and Education
Andrew E. Clark, Maria Cotofan, Richard Layard
published as 'Do wages underestimate the inequality in workers’ rewards? The joint distribution of job quality and wages across occupations' in: Economica, 2024, 91 (362), 497-546
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15264
Who Benefits from Firm Success? Heterogenous Rent Sharing in New Zealand
Corey Allan, David C. Maré
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15258
The Distribution of the Gender Wage Gap: An Equilibrium Model
Sonia R. Bhalotra, Manuel Fernandez Sierra, Fan Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15258
The Distribution of the Gender Wage Gap: An Equilibrium Model
Sonia R. Bhalotra, Manuel Fernandez Sierra, Fan Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15258
The Distribution of the Gender Wage Gap: An Equilibrium Model
Sonia R. Bhalotra, Manuel Fernandez Sierra, Fan Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15254
Minimum Wage Increases and Vacancies
Marianna Kudlyak, Murat Tasci, Didem Tüzemen
This version: January 2023.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15231
Labour Market Concentration, Wages and Job Security in Europe
Andrea Bassanini, Giulia Bovini, Eve Caroli, Jorge Casanova Ferrando, Federico Cingano, Paolo Falco, Florentino Felgueroso, Marcel Jansen, Pedro S. Martins, António Melo, Michael Oberfichtner, Martin Popp
revised version published online in: Journal of Human Resources, 6 March 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15197
Industries, Mega Firms, and Increasing Inequality
John C. Haltiwanger, Henry R. Hyatt, James R. Spletzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15191
Work Permit Regulations and Migrants' Labor Market Outcomes
Pamela Qendrai
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15185
The Long-Run Effects of Immigration: Evidence across a Barrier to Refugee Settlement
Antonio Ciccone, Jan Sebastian Nimczik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15158
Does Measurement Error Explain the Increase in Subminimum Wage Payment Following Minimum Wage Increases?
Jeffrey Clemens, Michael R. Strain
published in: Economics Letters, 2022, 217, 1106368
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15158
Does Measurement Error Explain the Increase in Subminimum Wage Payment Following Minimum Wage Increases?
Jeffrey Clemens, Michael R. Strain
published in: Economics Letters, 2022, 217, 1106368
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15154
Sources of Wage Growth
Jérôme Adda, Christian Dustmann
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 131 (2), 456 - 503
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15138
Male Wage Inequality and Characteristics of "Early Mover" Marriages
Hani Mansour, Terra McKinnish
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2022, 36, 115–138
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15127
Demographic Changes, Labor Supplies, Labor Complementarities, Calendar Annual Wages of Age Groups, and Cohort Life Wage Incomes
Bjarne S. Jensen, Peder J. Pedersen, Ross Guest
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15117
Compensating Differentials for Occupational Health and Safety Risks: Implications of Recent Evidence
Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi
published in: Research in Labor Economics, 2023, 50, 83-116
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15112
Uncovered Workers in Plants Covered by Collective Bargaining: Who Are They and How Do They Fare?
Boris Hirsch, Philipp Lentge, Claus Schnabel
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2022, 60 (4), 929-945
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15108
Educational and Skills Mismatches: Unravelling Their Effects on Wages across Europe
Loredana Cultrera, Benoît Mahy, François Rycx, Guillaume Vermeylen
published in: Education Economics, 2022, 30 (6), 561-573
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15105
Understanding the Reallocation of Displaced Workers to Firms
Paul Brandily, Camille Hémet, Clément Malgouyres
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15079
Differential Patterns between Private and Public Sector Wages in Spain
Alba Couceiro de León, Juan J. Dolado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15074
Does Over-Education Raise Productivity and Wages Equally? The Moderating Role of Workers' Origin and Immigrants' Background
Valentine Jacobs, François Rycx, Mélanie Volral
published in: Education Economics, 2023, 31 (6), 698-724
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