The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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1,041 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15125
Luck or Rights? An Experiment on Preferences for Redistribution Following Inheritance of Opportunity
Warn N. Lekfuangfu, Nattavudh Powdthavee, Yohanes E. Riyanto
published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2023,106, 102078
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15118
Who Is Doing the Chores and Childcare in Dual-Earner Couples during the COVID-19 Era of Working from Home?
Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia, Victoria Vernon
published in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2023, 21 (2), 519–565
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15115
Inequality and Income Dynamics in Germany
Moritz Drechsel-Grau, Andreas Peichl, Johannes Schmieden, Kai D. Schmid, Hannes Walz, Stefanie Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15110
The Financial Situation of Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Dennis H. Meier, Stephan L. Thomsen, Johannes Trunzer
revised version forthcoming in: Soziale Welt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15109
Sibling Spillovers and the Choice to Get Vaccinated: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design
Maria Knoth Humlum, Marius Opstrup Morthorst, Peter Rønø Thingholm
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2024, 94, 102843
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15095
Reducing Racial Inequality in Access to the Ballot Reduces Racial Inequality in Children's Later-Life Outcomes
Daniel Jones, Ying Shi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15088
Other-Regarding Preferences and Redistributive Politics
Ernst Fehr, Thomas Epper, Julien Senn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15073
Opportunity and Inequality across Generations
Winfried Koeniger, Carlo Zanella
revised version published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2022, 208, 104623
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15058
Universal Basic Income: Inspecting the Mechanisms
Nir Jaimovich, Itay Saporta-Eksten, Ofer Setty, Yaniv Yedid-Levi
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15034
The (Un)Importance of Inheritance
Sandra E. Black, Paul J. Devereux, Fanny Landaud, Kjell G. Salvanes
published online in: Journal of the European Economic Association, jvae056, 23 December 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15028
Selection and the Distribution of Female Hourly Wages in the U.S.
Iván Fernández-Val, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella, Franco Peracchi
published as 'Selection and the distribution of female real hourly wages in the United States' in: Quantitative Economics, 2023, 14 (2), 571-607
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15014
Firm Pay Dynamics
Niklas Engbom, Christian Moser, Jan Sauermann
published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2023, 233 (1), 396 - 423
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14996
Getting the Measure of Inequality
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Oxford Open Economics, 2024, 3 (S1), i156–i166
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14996
Getting the Measure of Inequality
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Oxford Open Economics, 2024, 3 (S1), i156–i166
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14984
School Closures and Effective In-Person Learning during COVID-19: When, Where, and for Whom
Andre Kurmann, Etienne Lalé
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2023, 95 (C), 102422
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14978
Technical Change and Superstar Effects: Evidence from the Rollout of Television
Felix Koenig
published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 167, 104799
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14969
Collective Negative Shocks and Preferences for Redistribution: Evidence from the COVID-19 Crisis in Germany
Luna Bellani, Andrea Fazio, Francesco Scervini
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024, 68 (2-3), 509-533.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14960
Firm Productivity and Immigrant-Native Earnings Disparity
Olof Aslund, Cristina Bratu, Stefano Lombardi, Anna Thoresson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14954
Unbundling the Relationship between Economic Shocks and Crime
Eduardo Ferraz, Rodrigo R. Soares, Juan Vargas
published in: Paolo Buonanno, Paolo Vanin, and Juan Vargas (eds). A Modern Guide to the Economics of Crime, Elgar Modern Guides, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022, 184-204
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14951
Top-Income Adjustments and Official Statistics on Income Distribution: The Case of the UK
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2022, 20, 151 - 168
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14951
Top-Income Adjustments and Official Statistics on Income Distribution: The Case of the UK
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2022, 20, 151 - 168
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14925
Model-Based Recursive Partitioning to Estimate Unfair Health Inequalities in the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study
Paolo Brunori, Apostolos Davillas, Andrew M. Jones, Giovanna Scarchilli
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2022, 204, 543-565
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14917
Discontinuities in the Age-Victimization Profile and the Determinants of Victimization
Anna Bindler, Randi Hjalmarsson, Nadine Ketel, Andreea Mitrut
published in: Economic Journal, 2024, 134 (657), 95–134
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14914
Trade and Inequality in Europe and the US
David Dorn, Peter Levell
published in: Oxford Open Economics, 2024, 3, 1042-1068
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14904
E-Learning Engagement Gap during School Closures: Differences by Academic Performance
Josep Amer-Mestre, Alaitz Ayarza-Astigarraga, Marta C Lopes
published in: Applied Economics, 2023, 56 (3), 337–359
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14886
Testing for Ethnic Discrimination in Outpatient Health Care: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Germany
Martin Halla, Christopher Kah, Rupert Sausgruber
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14878
Structural Change and Inequality in Africa
Hanan Morsy, Abebe Shimeles, Tiguene Nabassaga
published in: Journal of African Economies, 2023, 32 (S2), ii228–ii245,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14871
Internal versus External Rent-Seeking with In-Group Inequality and Public Good Provision
Dripto Bakshi, Indraneel Dasgupta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14871
Internal versus External Rent-Seeking with In-Group Inequality and Public Good Provision
Dripto Bakshi, Indraneel Dasgupta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14842
A Convenient Representation of the Wealth Distribution and More Evidence on Homeownership and Wealth Inequality in Euro Area Countries
Martin Biewen, Stefan Glaisner, Rolf Kleimann
substantially revised version published online as 'The shape of the wealth distribution and differences in wealth inequality across Euro area countries' in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 02 July 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14828
Dissecting Inequality-Averse Preferences
Marcelo Bergolo, Gabriel Burdin, Santiago Burone, Mauricio De Rosa, Matias Giaccobasso, Martin Leites
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2022, 200, 782-802
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14819
Redistributive Effect and the Progressivity of Taxes and Benefits: Evidence for the UK, 1977-2018
Nicolas Herault, Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Journal of Income Distribution, 2022, 31 (3 - 4), 10 - 45
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14811
The Evolving Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gender Inequality in the U.S. Labor Market: The COVID Motherhood Penalty
Kenneth A. Couch, Robert W. Fairlie, Huanan Xu
published in: Economic Inquiry, 2022, 60 (2), 485 - 507
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14808
The Value of Sick Pay
Abi Adams-Prassl, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, Christopher Rauh
published in: European Economic Review, 2023, 151, 104314
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14800
The Origins of Gender Differences in Competitiveness and Earnings Expectations: Causal Evidence from a Mentoring Intervention
Teodora Boneva, Thomas Buser, Armin Falk, Fabian Kosse
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14796
The Legacy of COVID-19 in Education
Katharina Werner, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Economic Policy, 2023, 38 (115), 609-668
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14794
Dynamic Labor Reallocation with Heterogeneous Skills and Uninsured Idiosyncratic Risk
Ester Faia, Marianna Kudlyak, Ekaterina Shabalina
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14790
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Socioeconomic Inequality in Psychological Distress in the UK: An Update
Xiaoying Gao, Apostolos Davillas, Andrew M. Jones
revised version published in : Health Economics, 2022, 31 (5), 912-920
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14785
The COVID-19 Pandemic and School Closure: Learning Loss in Mathematics in Primary Education
Dalit Contini, Maria Laura Di Tommaso, Caterina Muratori, Daniela Piazzalunga, Lucia Schiavon
published as 'Who Lost the Most? Mathematics Achievement during the COVID-19 Pandemic' in: B.E.Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2022, 22 (2), 399-408
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14777
Major Streams in the Economics of Inequality: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Literature since 1950s
Pedro G. Lima, Pedro N. Teixeira, Sandra T. Silva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14761
A Social-Psychological Reconstruction of Amartya Sen's Measures of Inequality and Social Welfare
Oded Stark, Wiktor Budzinski
published in: Kyklos, 2021, 74 (4), 552 - 566
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14757
Did the "Bologna Process" Achieve Its Goals? 20 Years of Empirical Evidence on Student Enrolment, Study Success and Labour Market Outcomes
Martina Kroher, Kathrin Leuze, Stephan L. Thomsen, Johannes Trunzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14743
Inequality in Early Care Experienced by U.S. Children
Sarah Flood, Joel McMurry, Aaron Sojourner, Matthew Wiswall
published in: Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2022, 36 (2), 199–222
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14741
Understanding the Rise in Life Expectancy Inequality
Gordon B. Dahl, Claus Thustrup Kreiner, Torben Heien Nielsen, Benjamin Ly Serena
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2024, 106 (2), 566 - 575
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14701
Between-Group Inequality May Decline despite a Rising Skill Premium
Imran Aziz, Matias Cortes
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102063.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14698
Behavioral Barriers and the Socioeconomic Gap in Child Care Enrollment
Henning Hermes, Philipp Lergetporer, Frauke Peter, Simon Wiederhold
this is an earlier version of: IZA DP No. 16915: Application Barriers and the Socioeconomic Gap in Child Care Enrollment
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14680
Lower and Upper Bound Estimates of Inequality of Opportunity for Emerging Economies
Paul Hufe, Andreas Peichl, Daniel Weishaar
published in: Social Choice and Welfare, 2022, 58, 395 - 427
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14656
Income and Views on Minimum Living Standards
David W. Johnston, Nidhiya Menon
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2022, 199, 18 - 34
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14597
Poverty and Inequality in Tunisia: Recent Trends
Deeksha Kokas, Abdel Rahmen El Lahga, Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14581
Teacher Compensation and Structural Inequality: Evidence from Centralized Teacher School Choice in Perú
Matteo Bobba, Tim Ederer, Gianmarco Leon Ciliotta, Christopher A. Neilson, Marco Nieddu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14575
The Lasting Effects of Early Childhood Education on Promoting the Skills and Social Mobility of Disadvantaged African Americans
Jorge Luis García, James J. Heckman, Victor Ronda
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 131 (6), 1477 - 1506
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14560
Temperature, Workplace Safety, and Labor Market Inequality
R. Jisung Park, Nora Pankratz, A. Patrick Behrer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14506
Male Fertility: Facts, Distribution and Drivers of Inequality
Bernt Bratsberg, Andreas Kotsadam, Selma Walther
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14463
Inequality of Opportunity in Household Income, China 2002-2018
Xiuna Yang, Björn Anders Gustafsson, Terry Sicular
published in: China Economic Review, 2021, 69, 101684
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14463
Inequality of Opportunity in Household Income, China 2002-2018
Xiuna Yang, Björn Anders Gustafsson, Terry Sicular
published in: China Economic Review, 2021, 69, 101684
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14460
A Political Economy and Voicing Model of the Institutional Impact of Brain Drain, Human Capital, Inequality and Country Size
Frédéric Docquier, Maurice Schiff
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14403
Black Entrepreneurs, Job Creation, and Financial Constraints
Mee Jung Kim, Kyung Min Lee, J. David Brown, John S. Earle
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14382
Drivers of Working Hours and Household Income Dynamics during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of the Netherlands
Christian Zimpelmann, Hans-Martin von Gaudecker, Radost Holler, Lena Janys, Bettina M. Siflinger
published as 'Hours and income dynamics during the Covid-19 pandemic: The case of the Netherlands' in: Labour Economics, 2021, 73, 102055
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14360
The Gender Gap in Income and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Denisa Maria Sologon
published in: Social Sciences, 2022, 11 (7), 311
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14302
Minimum Wages in New Zealand: Policy and Practice in the 21st Century
David C. Maré, Dean R. Hyslop
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14302
Minimum Wages in New Zealand: Policy and Practice in the 21st Century
David C. Maré, Dean R. Hyslop
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14300
Parental Assortative Mating and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital
Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari, Konstantinos Tatsiramos
published in: Labour Economics, 2022, 77, 102047
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14272
The Effect of a Health and Economic Shock on the Gender, Ethnic and Racial Gap in Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from COVID-19
Stefani Milovanska-Farrington
updated version published as 'The Effect of Covid-19 as an Economic Shock on the Gender and Ethnic Gap in Labor Market Outcomes' in: Studies in Microeconomics, 2021, 9 (2), 227–255
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14266
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health: Disentangling Crucial Channels
Bettina M. Siflinger, Michaela Paffenholz, Sebastian Seitz, Moritz Mendel, Hans-Martin von Gaudecker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14198
Income Changes Do Not Influence Political Participation: Evidence from Comparative Panel Data
Sebastian Jungkunz, Paul Marx
published as 'Income changes do not influence political involvement in panel data from six countries' in: European Journal of Political Research, 2022, 61 (3), 829-841
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14185
Lessons from Denmark about Inequality and Social Mobility
James J. Heckman, Rasmus Landersø
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14154
The Rise and Fall of German Innovation
Wim Naudé, Paula Nagler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14135
The Making and Unmaking of Opportunity: Educational Mobility in 20th Century-Denmark
Kristian B. Karlson, Rasmus Landersø
published online in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 17 May 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14128
The Gender Pay Gap Revisited with Big Data: Do Methodological Choices Matter?
Anthony Strittmatter, Conny Wunsch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14127
Educational, Labor-Market and Intergenerational Consequences of Poor Childhood Health
Krzysztof Karbownik, Anthony Wray
forthcoming in: Journal of Human Resources
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14113
COVID-19 and College Academic Performance: A Longitudinal Analysis
Núria Rodríguez-Planas
substantially revised version published as 'COVID-19, College Academic Performance, and the Flexible Grading Policy: A Longitudinal Analysis' in: Journal of Public Economics, 2022, 207, 104606
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14112
Wage Inequality and Labor Rights Violations
Ioana E. Marinescu, Yue Qiu, Aaron Sojourner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14103
How Does Exposure to COVID-19 Influence Health and Income Inequality Aversion?
Miqdad Asaria, Joan Costa-Font, Frank A. Cowell
published in: Social Choice and Welfare, 2023, 61, 625–647
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14103
How Does Exposure to COVID-19 Influence Health and Income Inequality Aversion?
Miqdad Asaria, Joan Costa-Font, Frank A. Cowell
published in: Social Choice and Welfare, 2023, 61, 625–647
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14057
The First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Socioeconomic Inequality in Psychological Distress in the UK
Apostolos Davillas, Andrew M. Jones
revised version published in: Health Economics, 2021, 30 (7), 1668 - 1683
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14053
Ethnic Capital and Class Reproduction: Comparing the Impact of Socio-Economic Status on Children's Educational Attainment across Ethno-Religious Groups in Israel
Sami H. Miaari, Nabil Khattab, Vered Kraus, Yuval P. Yonay
published in: International Journal of Sociology, 2021, 51 (3), 171 - 196
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14043
Distributional Effects of Competition: A Simulation Approach
Carlos Rodriguez Castelan, Abdelkrim Araar, Eduardo A. Malásquez, Sergio Olivieri, Tara Vishwanath
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14041
Europe's Migration Experience and its Effects on Economic Inequality
Martin Guzi, Martin Kahanec, Magdalena M. Ulceluse
published in: Georg Fischer and Robert Strauss (eds.), Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality, Oxford: OUP, 2021
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13877
Gender Economics: An Assessment
Almudena Sevilla
published in: Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2020, 36 (4), 725–742,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13820
COVID-19 and Educational Inequality: How School Closures Affect Low- and High-Achieving Students
Elisabeth Grewenig, Philipp Lergetporer, Katharina Werner, Ludger Woessmann, Larissa Zierow
published in: European Economic Review, 2021, 140, 103920
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13819
Learning at Home: Distance Learning Solutions and Child Development during the COVID-19 Lockdown
Hugues Champeaux, Lucia Mangiavacchi, Francesca Marchetta, Luca Piccoli
published as 'Child development and distance learning in the age of COVID-19' in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2022, 20, 659 - 685
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13816
Inequality and Support for Government Responses to COVID-19
Hai-Anh H Dang, Edmund Malesky, Cuong Viet Nguyen
published in: PLoS ONE, 2022, 17 (9), e0272972.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13812
Inequality, Institutions and Cooperation
Thomas Markussen, Smriti Sharma, Saurabh Singhal, Finn Tarp
published in: European Economic Review, 2021, 138, 103842, p.13
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13791
School Schedule and the Gender Pay Gap
Emma Duchini, Clémentine Van Effenterre
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2024, 59 (4), 1052 - 1089
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13786
Tax-Benefit Systems and the Gender Gap in Income
Karina Doorley, Claire Keane
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024, 22, 285 - 309
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13731
Importing Inequality: Immigration and the Top 1 Percent
Arun Advani, Felix Koenig, Lorenzo Pessina, Andy Summers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13716
How Is the COVID-19 Crisis Exacerbating Socioeconomic Inequality among Palestinians in Israel?
Sami H. Miaari, Maha Sabbah-Karkabi, Amit Loewenthal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13692
The Relationship between Subjective Wellbeing and Subjective Wellbeing Inequality: Taking Ordinality and Skewness Seriously
Arthur Grimes, Stephen P. Jenkins, Florencia Tranquilli
published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2023, 24, 309 - 330
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13643
Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the CARES Act on Earnings and Inequality
Matias Cortes, Eliza Forsythe
published as 'Distributional Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the CARES Act' in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2023, 21 (2), 325-349.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13625
Modern Infectious Diseases: Macroeconomic Impacts and Policy Responses
David E. Bloom, Michael Kuhn, Klaus Prettner
published in: Journal of Economic Literature, 2022, 60 (1), 85–131
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13611
The Long Shadow of Slavery: The Persistence of Slave Owners in Southern Law-Making
Luna Bellani, Anselm Hager, Stephan Ernst Maurer
revised version published in: Journal of Economic History, 2022, 82 (1), 250 - 283
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13592
A Second Chance? Labor Market Returns to Adult Education Using School Reforms
Patrick Bennett, Richard Blundell, Kjell G. Salvanes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13591
The Changing Composition of Academic Majors and Wage Dynamics
Natalia Kyui, Natalia Radchenko
published as 'The changing composition of academic majors and wage dynamics: Beyond mean returns' in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2021, 49 (2), 358-381
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13577
Within-Country Poverty Convergence: Evidence from Mexico
Luis-Felipe López-Calva, Eduardo Ortiz-Juarez, Carlos Rodriguez Castelan
published in: Empirical Economics, 2022, 62, 2547–2586
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13557
Rising Concentration and Wage Inequality
Matias Cortes, Jeanne Tschopp
published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2024, 126 (2), 320-354
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13505
The Distributional Impact of Recurrent Immovable Property Taxation in Greece
Eirini Andriopoulou, Eleni Kanavitsa, Chrysa Leventi, Panos Tsakloglou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13460
Childhood Circumstances and Health Inequality in Old Age: Comparative Evidence from China and the United States
Xi Chen, Binjian Yan, Thomas M. Gill
published in: Social Indicators Research, 2022, 160, 689 - 716
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13447
Workplace Presenteeism, Job Substitutability and Gender Inequality
Ghazala Azmat, Lena Hensvik, Olof Rosenqvist
published online in. Journal of Human Resources, 10 November 2022, 1121-12014R2
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13421
Inequality of Opportunity in Bodyweight among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese: A Distributional Approach
Peng Nie, Lanlin Ding, Andrew M. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13387
Mentoring and Schooling Decisions: Causal Evidence
Armin Falk, Fabian Kosse, Pia Pinger
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