The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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2,292 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10933
The Gender Wage Gap in Europe: Job Preferences, Gender Convergence and Distributional Effects
Paul Redmond, Seamus McGuinness
published in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2019, 81 (3), 564 - 587
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10924
Offshoring and Wage Inequality: Theory and Evidence from China
Liugang Sheng, Dennis T. Yang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10916
Minimum Wages and the Health of Hispanic Women
Susan L. Averett, Julie K. Smith, Yang Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10915
Analyzing Wage Differentials by Fields of Study: Evidence from Turkey
Antonio Di Paolo, Aysit Tansel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10915
Analyzing Wage Differentials by Fields of Study: Evidence from Turkey
Antonio Di Paolo, Aysit Tansel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10914
The Rising Return to Non-Cognitive Skill
Per-Anders Edin, Peter Fredriksson, Martin Nybom, Björn Öckert
published in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2022, 14 (2), 78-100
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10901
Skill Premiums and the Supply of Young Workers in Germany
Albrecht Glitz, Daniel Wissmann
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102034
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10901
Skill Premiums and the Supply of Young Workers in Germany
Albrecht Glitz, Daniel Wissmann
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102034
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10894
The Role of the Housing Market in Workers' Resilience to Job Displacement after Firm Bankruptcy
Jordy Meekes, Wolter Hassink
published in: Journal of Urban Economics, 2019, 109, 41-65
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10893
The Unemployment Insurance Taxable Wage Base Mystery
Donald O. Parsons
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10892
Towards an East German Wage Curve: NUTS Boundaries, Labour Market Regions and Unemployment Spillovers
Reinhold Kosfeld, Christian Dreger
published in: Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2019, 76, 115 - 124
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10891
Limits to Wage Growth: Understanding the Wage Divergence between Immigrants and Natives
Apoorva Jain, Klara Sabirianova Peter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10887
A Joint Hazard-Longitudinal Model of the Timing of Migration, Immigrant Quality, and Labor Market Assimilation
Apoorva Jain, Klara Sabirianova Peter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10826
The Gender Wage Gap in Developed Countries
Astrid Kunze
published in: Oxford Handbook on Women and the Economy, Oxford University Press, (ed.) Susan L. Averett, Laura M. Argys, and Saul D. Hoffman, 2018.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10826
The Gender Wage Gap in Developed Countries
Astrid Kunze
published in: Oxford Handbook on Women and the Economy, Oxford University Press, (ed.) Susan L. Averett, Laura M. Argys, and Saul D. Hoffman, 2018.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10820
Social Comparisons in Oligopsony
Laszlo Goerke, Michael Neugart
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2017, 141, 196-209
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10806
The Labor Market Effects of Refugee Waves: Reconciling Conflicting Results
Michael A. Clemens, Jennifer Hunt
published in: ILR Review, 2019, 72 (4), 818-857
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10791
Selection on Ability and the Early Career Growth in the Gender Wage Gap
Eduardo Fraga, Gustavo Gonzaga, Rodrigo R. Soares
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10782
High-Impact Minimum Wages and Heterogeneous Regions
Philipp Vom Berge, Hanna Frings
published in: Empirical Economics, 2020, 59, 701-729.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10751
Consumer Loan Response to Permanent Labor Income Shocks: Evidence from a Major Minimum Wage Increase
Ibrahim Ethem Guney, Yavuz Selim Hacihasanoglu, Semih Tumen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10729
The Changing Nature of Gender Selection into Employment: Europe over the Great Recession
Juan J. Dolado, Cecilia García-Peñalosa, Linas Tarasonis
published in: Economic Policy, 2020, 104, 637-676.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10726
Differences in Positions along a Hierarchy: Counterfactuals Based on an Assignment Model
Laurent Gobillon, Dominique Meurs, Sébastien Roux
published in: Annals of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 145, 29-74
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10720
The Hukou Impact on the Chinese Wage Structure
Christian Dreger, Yanqun Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10719
Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials in Australia
Stephane Mahuteau, Kostas Mavromaras, Sue Richardson, Rong Zhu
published in: Economic Record, 2017, 93, s105–s121
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10676
Returns to Postgraduate Education in Portugal: Holding on to a Higher Ground?
Andre Almeida, Hugo Figueiredo, João Cerejeira, Miguel Portela, Carla Sá, Pedro N. Teixeira
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10670
The Structure of the Wage Gap for Temporary Workers: Evidence from Australian Panel Data
Inga Laß, Mark Wooden
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2019, 57(3), 453-478.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10669
Wage Rigidities in Colombia: Measurement, Causes, and Policy Implications
Sonia A. Agudelo, Hector Sala
published in: Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017, 39 (3), 547-567
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10669
Wage Rigidities in Colombia: Measurement, Causes, and Policy Implications
Sonia A. Agudelo, Hector Sala
published in: Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017, 39 (3), 547-567
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10669
Wage Rigidities in Colombia: Measurement, Causes, and Policy Implications
Sonia A. Agudelo, Hector Sala
published in: Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017, 39 (3), 547-567
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10668
Returns to On-the-Job Search and the Dispersion of Wages
Axel Gottfries, Coen Teulings
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 102292
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10665
Income Support Policies for the Working Poor
Sarah Marchal, Ive Marx, Gerlinde Verbist
published in: Lohmann, H. and I. Marx (eds), Handbook on In-Work Poverty, Edward Elgar, 2019
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10657
Evolving Wage Cyclicality in Latin America
Luca Gambetti, Julián Messina
published in: World Bank Economic Review, 2018, (323), 709-726.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10657
Evolving Wage Cyclicality in Latin America
Luca Gambetti, Julián Messina
published in: World Bank Economic Review, 2018, (323), 709-726.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10655
How Effective Are Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent Evidence
David McKenzie
published in: World Bank Research Observer, 2017, 32(2), 127-54
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10644
The Selection and Causal Effects of Work Incentives on Labor Productivity: Evidence from a Two-Stage Randomized Controlled Trial in Malawi
Hyuncheol Bryant Kim, Seonghoon Kim, Thomas T. Kim
published as ' The Role of Career and Wage Incentives in Labor Productivity: Evidence from a Two-Stage Field Experiment in Malawi ' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2020, 102 (5), 839-851
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10642
The Dispersion of Bonus Payments within and between Firms
Christian Grund, Tanja Hofmann
published in: Journal of Business Economics, 2019, 89 (4), 417-445
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10638
In-Work Poverty in the United States
Lane Kenworthy, Ive Marx
published in: Lohmann, H. and I. Marx (eds), Handbook on In-Work Poverty, Edward Elgar, 2019
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10605
The Labor Market Effects of a Refugee Wave: Synthetic Control Method Meets the Mariel Boatlift
Giovanni Peri, Vasil Yasenov
published online n: Jorunal of Human Resources, 30 Janurary 2018
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10601
Job-to-Job Transitions, Sorting, and Wage Growth
David Carson Jinkins, Annaig Morin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10597
The Perfect Storm: Graduating in a Recession in a Segmented Labor Market
Daniel Fernández-Kranz, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Industrial Labor Relations Review, 2018, 71 (2), 492-524
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10579
Short Notice, Big Difference? The Effect of Temporary Employment on Firm Competitiveness across Sectors
Romina Giuliano, Stephan Kampelmann, Benoît Mahy, François Rycx
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2017, 55 (2), 421-449
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10572
Minimum Wages and the Distribution of Family Incomes
Arindrajit Dube
published in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2019, 11 (4), 268–304
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10571
Nonprofit Wages: Theory and Evidence
Barry Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, Anne E. Preston
published in: Bruce Seaman and Dennis Young (eds.), Handbook of Research on Nonprofit Economics and Management, 2nd ed., Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2018, pp. 146-179
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10570
The Extent of Rent Sharing along the Wage Distribution
Alessia Matano, Paolo Naticchioni
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relation, 2017, 55 (4), 751-777
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10549
Do Migrants Lower Workplace Wages?
Michael White, Alex Bryson
published in: Work, Employment and Society, 2019, 33 (5), 759-776
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10536
University Selectivity and the Graduate Wage Premium: Evidence from the UK
Ian Walker, Yu Zhu
published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 53, 230-249
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10523
Native-Migrant Differences in Trading Off Wages and Workplace Safety
Anna D’Ambrosio, Roberto Leombruni, Tiziano Razzolini
substantially revised version published as 'Trading off wage for workplace safety? Gaps between immigrants and natives in Italy' in Economia Politica, 2022, 39, 903–960
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10512
Immigration Restrictions as Active Labor Market Policy: Evidence from the Mexican Bracero Exclusion
Michael A. Clemens, Ethan Gatewood Lewis, Hannah M. Postel
published in: American Economic Review, 2018, 108 (6), 1468–1487.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10511
The Dog That Barks Doesn't Bite: Coverage and Compliance of Sectoral Minimum Wages in Italy
Andrea Garnero
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2018
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10510
Upward Nominal Wage Rigidity
Paulo Guimaraes, Fernando Martins, Pedro Portugal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10500
Maternity and Family Leave Policy
Maya Rossin-Slater
published in: S.L. Averett, L.M. Margys, S.D. Hoffman (eds.): Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy, Oxford, 2018
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10496
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Non-Work at Work
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Katie R. Genadek, Michael C. Burda
published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2021, 74 (2), 272-292
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10496
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Non-Work at Work
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Katie R. Genadek, Michael C. Burda
published in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2021, 74 (2), 272-292
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10492
The Effect of Occupational Visas on Native Employment: Evidence from Labor Supply to Farm Jobs in the Great Recession
Michael A. Clemens
published in: Review of International Economics, 2022, 30 (5), 1348-1374
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10488
Early Cannabis Use and School to Work Transition of Young Men
Jenny Williams, Jan C. van Ours
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10480
Do Neighbors Help Finding a Job? Social Networks and Labor Market Outcomes After Plant Closures
Elke J. Jahn, Michael Neugart
substantially revised version in: Labour Economics, 2020, 65, 101825,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10479
Do Minimum Wage Increases Influence Worker Health?
Brady P. Horn, J. Catherine Maclean, Michael R. Strain
published in: Economic Inquiry, 2017, 44 (4), 1986-2007
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10467
Public-Sector Employment in an Equilibrium Search and Matching Model
James Albrecht, Monica Robayo-Abril, Susan Vroman
published in: Economic Journal, 2019, 129 (617), 35-61
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10451
Wage Risk, Employment Risk and the Rise in Wage Inequality
Ariel Mecikovsky, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10447
A Simple Method to Estimate Large Fixed Effects Models Applied to Wage Determinants and Matching
Nikolas Mittag
published as 'A Simple Method to Estimate Large Fixed Effects Models Applied to Wage Determinants' in: Labour Economics, 2019, 61, 101766
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10443
How Immigrants Helped EU Labor Markets to Adjust during the Great Recession
Martin Kahanec, Martin Guzi
published in:International Journal of Manpower, 2017, 38 (7), 996-1015
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10435
Gender Differences in the Union Wage Premium? A Comparative Case Study
Alex Bryson, Harald Dale-Olsen, Kristine Nergaard
published in: European Journal of Industrial Relations, 2020, 26 (2), 173 - 190
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10424
Glass Ceiling Effect in Urban China: Wage Inequality of Rural-Urban Migrants during 2002-2007
Zhaopeng (Frank) Qu, Zhong Zhao
published in: China Economic Review, 2017, 42, 118-144
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10422
The Labour Market Effect of Immigration: Accounting for Effective Immigrant Work Experience in New Zealand
Michael M. H. Tse, Sholeh A. Maani
published as 'Effective Work Experience and Labour Market Impacts of New Zealand Immigration' in: J. Poot, M. Roskruge (eds.), Population Change and Impacts in Asia and the Pacific, Springer, 2020, 221-246
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10406
Locus of Control and Investment in Training
Marco Caliendo, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Helke Seitz, Arne Uhlendorff
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2022, 57(4), 1311-1349
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10399
Who Is Your Perfect Match? Educational Norms, Educational Mismatch and Firm Profitability
Stephan Kampelmann, Benoît Mahy, François Rycx, Guillaume Vermeylen
published as 'Over-, Required and Under-education: Consequences on the Bottom Line of Firms' in: Labour: Review of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations, 2020, 34 (1), 80-112
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10388
The Impact of the 1896 Factory and Shops Act on Victorian Labour Markets
Andrew Seltzer, Jeff Borland
published in: Journal of Economic History, 2018, 78 (3), 785-821
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10386
Biology and Gender in the Labor Market
Deborah A. Cobb-Clark
published in: S. L. Averett, L. M. Argys and S. D. Hoffman (eds.): The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy, Oxford, 2018, 513–538
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10342
Labor-Market Scars When Youth Unemployment Is Extremely High: Evidence from Macedonia
Marjan Petreski, Nikica Mojsoska-Blazevski, Marcelo Bergolo
published in: Eastern European Economics, 2017, 55 (2), 168 - 196
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10335
Sick Pay Reforms and Health Status in a Unionised Labour Market
Laszlo Goerke
published in: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2017, 64(2), 115-142
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10334
The Changing Situation of Labor Market Entrants in Germany: A Long-Run Analysis of Wages and Occupational Patterns
Mario Reinhold, Stephan L. Thomsen
published in: Journal for Labour Market Research, 2017, 50 (1), 161–174
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10333
The Wage Penalty of Dialect-Speaking
Yuxin Yao, Jan C. van Ours
published as 'Dialect Speech and Wages' in: Economics Letters, 2019, 177, 35 - 38
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10332
How Does the Minimum Wage Affect Firm Investments in Fixed and Human Capital? Evidence from China
Tobias Haepp, Carl Lin
published in: Review of Development Economics, 2017, 21(4), 1057-1080
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10321
Active Labor Market Policies
Bruno Crépon, Gerard J. van den Berg
published in: Annual Review of Economics, 8 2016, 521-546
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10303
Moving Up or Down? Immigration and the Selection of Natives across Occupations and Locations
Javier Ortega, Gregory Verdugo
revised version published as 'Who stays and who leaves? Immigration and the selection of natives across locations' in Journal of Economic Geography, 2022, 22 (2), 221 - 260
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10293
Collective Bargaining and the Evolution of Wage Inequality in Italy
Francesco Devicienti, Bernardo Fanfani, Agata Maida
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2019, 57 (2), 377-407
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10291
A Short Note on Discrimination and Favoritism in the Labor Market
Nicolás Salamanca, Jan Feld
published in: BE Journal of Theoretical Economics, 2017, 17 (1), 20160133.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10290
Understanding Wage Floor Setting in Industry-Level Agreements: Evidence from France
Denis Fougère, Erwan Gautier, Sébastien Roux
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10290
Understanding Wage Floor Setting in Industry-Level Agreements: Evidence from France
Denis Fougère, Erwan Gautier, Sébastien Roux
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10289
The Diversity of Personnel Practices and Firm Performance
Pedro S. Martins
published in: S. W. Polachek, K. Tatsiramos, G. Russo, G. van Houten (eds.), Workplace Productivity and Management Practices', (Research in Labour Economics 49), 2021
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10255
Occupational Choice in Early Industrializing Societies: Experimental Evidence on the Income and Health Effects of Industrial and Entrepreneurial Work
Christopher J. Blattman, Stefan Dercon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10241
Labor Market Imperfections and the Firm's Wage Setting Policy
Sónia Félix, Pedro Portugal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10205
Can Overtime Premium Flexibility Promote Employment? Firm- and Worker-Level Evidence from a Labour Law Reform
Pedro S. Martins
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10204
No Extension Without Representation? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Collective Bargaining
Alexander Hijzen, Pedro S. Martins
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2020, 9(5), 1-31
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10194
Recent Flattening in the Higher Education Wage Premium: Polarization, Skill Downgrading, or Both?
Robert G. Valletta
published in: C. R. Hulten and V. A. Ramey (eds.), Education, Skills, and Technical Change, Oxford University Press, 2018
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10185
The Effects of Minimum Wages on the Health of Working Teenagers
Susan L. Averett, Julie K. Smith, Yang Wang
published in: Applied Economics Letters, 2017, 24 (16), 1127 - 1130
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10183
Do Women Ask?
Benjamin Artz, Amanda H. Goodall, Andrew J. Oswald
published in: Industrial Relations, 2018, 57 (4), 611 - 636
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10159
Wage Discrimination against Immigrants: Measurement with Firm-Level Productivity Data
Stephan Kampelmann, François Rycx
published in: IZA Journal of Migration, 2016, 5 (15), 1-24
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10158
Does Temporary Interruption in Postsecondary Education Induce a Wage Penalty? Evidence from Canada
Bernard Fortin, Safa Ragued
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2017, 58, 108 - 122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10135
Does Private Schooling Increase Adult Earnings? Cohort-Level Evidence for U.S. States
Reilee L. Berger, John V. Winters
published in: Review of Regional Studies, 2016, 46 (3), 281-294
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10132
Gender Wage Gaps and Risky vs. Secure Employment: An Experimental Analysis
Seeun Jung, Chung Choe, Ronald L. Oaxaca
published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 52, 112-121
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10114
Labor Supply Shocks, Native Wages, and the Adjustment of Local Employment
Christian Dustmann, Uta Schönberg, Jan Stuhler
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2017, 132 (1), 435–483
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10098
Minimum Wage Violation in Central and Eastern Europe
Karolina Goraus-Tanska, Piotr Lewandowski
published in: International Labour Review, 2019, 158(2), 297-336
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10066
Wage Flexibility and Employment Fluctuations: Evidence from the Housing Sector
Jörn-Steffen Pischke
published in: Economics, 2018, 85 (339), 407 - 427
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10066
Wage Flexibility and Employment Fluctuations: Evidence from the Housing Sector
Jörn-Steffen Pischke
published in: Economics, 2018, 85 (339), 407 - 427
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10064
Returns to Schooling among Immigrants in Spain: A Quantile Regression Approach
Santiago Budría, Pablo Swedberg, Marlene Fonseca
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10051
Much Ado About Nothing? The Wage Effect of Holding a Ph.D. Degree But Not a Ph.D. Job Position
Giuseppe Lucio Gaeta, Giuseppe Lubrano Lavadera, Francesco Pastore
published in: Research in Labor Economics, 2017, 45, 243-277
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10044
When the Going Gets Tough... Financial Incentives, Duration of Unemployment and Job-Match Quality
Yolanda Fatima Rebollo-Sanz, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2020, 55 (1), 119-163
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10039
Effects of the Minimum Wage on Infant Health
George Wehby, Dhaval M. Dave, Robert Kaestner
published in. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2020, 39 (2), 411 - 443
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10038
Social Comparisons of Wage Increases and Job Satisfaction
Christian Grund, Maike Rubin
published in: Applied Economics, 2017, 49, 1345-1350
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