The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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7,230 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17994
Built, Not Born: How Education Predicts Billionaire Wealth
Michael Jan Kendzia, Tomas Neville, Maya Gadgil
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17988
Gender Segregation in Childhood Friendships and the Gender-Equality Paradox
Manuel Bagues, Natalia Zinovyeva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17982
Gender Differences in Children’s Extracurricular Activities: Japanese Parental Preference for STEM Activities for Sons
Rikiya Matsukura, Takashi Oshio, Yuko Ueno, Emiko Usui
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17980
Returns to College Education of Chinese Manufacturing Employees: Who Benefits More?
Yuheng Lin, Dooruj Rambaccussing, Yu Zhu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17978
Hacking Anti-Immigration Attitudes and Stereotypes: A Field Experiment in Italian High Schools
Sara Giunti, Andrea Guariso, Mariapia Mendola, Irene Solmone
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17974
The Right Timing Matters: Sensitive Periods in the Formation of Socio-Emotional Skills
Laura Breitkopf, Shyamal Chowdhury, Daniel A. Kamhöfer, Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch, Matthias Sutter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17973
Assessing the Statistical Significance of Inequality Differences: The Problem of Heavy Tails
Nicolas Herault, Stephen P. Jenkins
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17972
The T-Statistic Approach to Inference for Inequality Indices: The Issue of Grouping Variability
Nicolas Herault, Stephen P. Jenkins
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17970
Knockin’ on Employment’s Door: The Power of Caseworker Beliefs on Job and Health Outcomes for the Long-Term Unemployed
Søren Albeck Nielsen, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17968
Polycrisis in Agrifood Systems: Climate-Conflict Interactions and Labor Dynamics for Women and Youth in 21 African Countries
Wolfgang Stojetz, Carlo Azzarri, Erdgin Mane, Tilman Brück
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17965
Career, Family, and IVF: The Impact of Involuntary Childlessness and Fertility Treatment
Fabio I. Martinenghi, Maryam Naghsh Nejad
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17963
Education and Earnings in Arkansas
Harry Anthony Patrinos, Angelica Rivera-Olvera
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17959
The Rises and Falls of Piecework-Timework Pay Differentials. UK Engineering and Metal Working Industries, 1926–1965.
Robert A. Hart, J. Elizabeth Roberts
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17956
Sorting in the Marriage Market: A New Approach to Measuring Assortative Mating
Jeongwon Choi, Jinyoung Kim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17951
Correcting Beliefs About Job Opportunities and Wages: A Field Experiment on Education Choices
Bart K. de Koning, Didier Fouarge, Robert Dur
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17948
The Untold Story of Internal Migration in Germany: Life-Cycle Patterns, Developments, and the Role of Education
Anton Barabasch, Kamila Cygan-Rehm, Guido Heineck, Sebastian Vogler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17944
Racial Representation among Academics and Students’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes
Angus J. Holford, Sonkurt Sen
published in: Labour Economics, 2025, 96, 102745
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17943
Weathering the Storms? Minimum-Income Benefits as a Crisis Response
Herwig Immervoll, Felizia Pasteiner
also available in: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers series
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17940
The Debt Burden of Job Loss in a Nordic Welfare State
Terhi Maczulskij, Ohto Kanninen, Hannu Karhunen, Ossi Tahvonen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17939
The Effect of Raising School Quality on Earnings
Harry Anthony Patrinos, George Psacharopoulos
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