The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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18,348 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15233
The Child Quantity–Quality Trade-off
Rufei Guo, Junjian Yi, Junsen Zhang
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15232
How Reliable Are Social Safety Nets? Value and Accessibility in Situations of Acute Economic Need
Herwig Immervoll, Raphaela Hyee, Rodrigo Fernandez, Jongmi Lee
updated and extended version published as: IZA DP No. 17477, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15231
Labour Market Concentration, Wages and Job Security in Europe
Andrea Bassanini, Giulia Bovini, Eve Caroli, Jorge Casanova Ferrando, Federico Cingano, Paolo Falco, Florentino Felgueroso, Marcel Jansen, Pedro S. Martins, António Melo, Michael Oberfichtner, Martin Popp
revised version published online in: Journal of Human Resources, July 2025,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15230
Partially Linear Models under Data Combination
Xavier D'Haultfoeuille, Christophe Gaillac, Arnaud Maurel
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2025, 92(1), 238-267
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15229
Pandemic-Era Uncertainty
Brent Meyer, Emil Mihaylov, José María Barrero, Steven J. Davis, David Altig, Nicholas Bloom
published in: Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 2022, 15 (8), 338
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15228
A Comparative Perspective on Long-Term Care Systems
Rainer Kotschy, David E. Bloom
published in: International Social Security Review, 2022, 75 (3-4), 47-69
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15227
Patterns of Time Use among Older People
Maddalena Ferranna, J.P. Sevilla, Leo Zucker, David E. Bloom
published in: David E. Bloom, Alfonso Sousa-Poza and Uwe Sunde (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Economics of Ageing, Routledge, London, 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15226
Employer Attitudes and the Hiring of Immigrants and International Students: Evidence from a Survey of Employers in Canada
Tony Fang, Na Xiao, Jane Zhu, John Hartley
published in: Canadian Public Policy, 2022, 48,17-37.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15225
Educational Inequality
Jo Blanden, Matthias Doepke, Jan Stuhler
published in: E. A. Hanushek, S. Machin, L. Woessmann (eds.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, Amsterdam and Oxford, 2023, 6, 405-497
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15224
The Economics of Fertility: A New Era
Matthias Doepke, Anne Hannusch, Fabian Kindermann, Michèle Tertilt
published in: Handbook of the Economics of the Family, 2023, 1 (1), 151-254
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15223
Paid Childcare Leave, Fertility, and Female Labor Supply in South Korea
Kyeongkuk Kim, Sang-Hyop Lee, Timothy J. Halliday
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15222
Family Finances and Debt Overhang: Evolving Consumption Patterns of Spanish Households
Hector Sala, Pedro Trivín
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15221
Behavioral Responses to Supply-Side Drug Policy During the Opioid Epidemic
Simone Balestra, Helge Liebert, Nicole Maestas, Tisamarie B. Sherry
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15220
Physicians and the Production of Health: Returns to Health Care during the Mortality Transition
Helge Liebert, Beatrice Mäder
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 22 August 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15219
Incomplete Catching Up: Income among Manchurian, Yi and Han People in Rural China from 2002 to 2018
Björn Anders Gustafsson, Yudan Zhang
published in: China Quarterly, 2023, 253, 197 - 213.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15218
Importing Air Pollution? Evidence from China's Plastic Waste Imports
Kerstin Unfried, Feicheng Wang
published in: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2024, 125, 102996
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15217
Gender Economics: Dead-Ends and New Opportunities
Shelly Lundberg
published in: Research in Labor Economics, 2023, 50, 151-189
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15216
Are Entrepreneurs Aware of Covered Interest Parity and Dollar Shortage?
Farhad Nariman, Almas Heshmati
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15215
Little Divergence in America — Market Access and Demographic Transition in the United States
Melanie Guldi, Ahmed S. Rahman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15214
Media Capture by Banks
Ruben Durante, Andrea Fabiani, Luc Laeven, José-Luis Peydró
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