The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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74 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18214
In BRAC We Trust? Comparing Schools for Disadvantaged Students in Dhaka’s Slums
John C. Ham, Saima Khan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18174
What Did We Learn from the North American Income Maintenance Experiments? New Data and Evidence on Household Behavior and Labor Supply
Chris Riddell, W. Craig Riddell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17661
Government Support in Times of Crisis: Transfers and the Road to Socialism
Felipe González, Mounu Prem
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17660
Youth Homelessness, Support Services, and Employment in England
Nick Drydakis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17522
Recidivism and Barriers to Reintegration: A Field Experiment Encouraging Use of Reentry Support
Marco Castillo, Sera Linardi, Ragan Petrie
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17463
Crisis Resilience of European Welfare States: The Role of Multiple Layers of Protection
Werner Eichhorst, Annabelle Krause-Pilatus, Mathias Dolls, Max Lay
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17274
Evidence on the Robustness of the Links between Social Relationships and Mortality
Rosanne Freak-Poli, Stephen P. Jenkins, Michael A. Shields, Trong-Anh Trinh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17127
Effects of Parental Death on Labor Market Outcomes and Gender Inequalities
Mathias Fjællegaard Jensen, Ning Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16997
Children's Residential Proximity, Spousal Presence and Dementia Risk
Zhuoer Lin, Xuecheng Yin, Becca R. Levy, Yue Yuan, Xi Chen
published as 'Association of Children's Residential Proximity and Spousal Presence with Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment' in: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2024, 32 (10), 1187-1199
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16759
Does Information about Inequality and Discrimination in Early Child Care Affect Policy Preferences?
Henning Hermes, Philipp Lergetporer, Fabian Mierisch, Guido Schwerdt, Simon Wiederhold
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2024, 228, 106780, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16640
Who Is in Favor of Affirmative Action? Representative Evidence from an Experiment and a Survey
Sabrina Herzog, Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch, Chi Trieu, Jana Willrodt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16328
Maternal Education and Early Child Development: The Roles of Parental Support for Learning, Learning Materials, and Father Characteristics
Yusuf Emre Akgündüz, Pelin Akyol, Abdurrahman B. Aydemir, Murat Demirci, Murat Güray Kirdar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16066
Minimum Income Support Systems as Elements of Crisis Resilience in Europe
Werner Eichhorst, Annabelle Krause-Pilatus, Paul Marx, Mathias Dolls, Max Lay
updated version available as DP 17463
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16057
A Poisoned Gift? The Hireability Signals of an Income-Support Program for the Senior Unemployed
Axana Dalle, Philippe Sterkens, Stijn Baert
published in: JODE Journal of Demographic Economics, 2024, 90 (4), 553-588
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16004
Trends in Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Physical Disability and Social Support among U.S. Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment Living Alone, 2000–2018
Shanquan Chen, Huanyu Zhang, Benjamin R. Underwood, Dan Wang, Xi Chen, Rudolf N. Cardinal
published in: Innovation in Aging, 2023, 7 (4), igad028
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15471
Long-Term Services and Supports and Disease Management among Older Chinese Adults in Different Stages of Cognitive Impairment
Zhuoer Lin, Xi Chen
published in: Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 2022, 23, 100405.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15457
Does It Matter Who Cares for You? The Effect of Substituting Informal with Formal Personal Care on the Care Recipients' Health
Bruce Hollingsworth, Asako Ohinata, Matteo Picchio, Ian Walker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15386
How Does Job Coaching Help Disability Insurance Recipients Work While on Claim?
Sébastien Fontenay, Ilan Tojerow
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2025, 100, 102958
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15050
The Demand for Gratitude as a Restraint on the Use of Child Labor: A Hypothesis
Oded Stark, Wiktor Budzinski
published in: JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, 2023, 89 (1), 137-147
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14892
Short-Term Impacts of Targeted Cash Grants and Business Development Services: Experimental Evidence from Entrepreneurs in Burkina Faso
Michael Grimm, Sidiki Soubeiga, Michael Weber
published as 'Supporting small firms in a fragile context: Comparing matching and cash grants in Burkina Faso' in: Journal of Development Economics, 2024, 171.103344.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14731
Economic Gradients in Social Health in Britain
Claryn S. J. Kung, Stephen Pudney, Michael A. Shields
published as 'Economic gradients in loneliness, social isolation and social support: Evidence from the UK Biobank' in: Social Science & Medicine, 2022, 306, 115122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14691
(Successful) Democracies Breed Their Own Support
Daron Acemoglu, Nicolas Ajzenman, Cevat Giray Aksoy, Martin Fiszbein, Carlos Molina
published online in: Review of Economic Studies, 16 May 2024.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14542
Menopause as a Regulatory Device for Matching the Demand for Children with Its Supply: A Hypothesis
Oded Stark
published in: Economics & Human Biology, 2021, 42, 101001.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14377
Using Machine Learning to Create an Early Warning System for Welfare Recipients
Dario Sansone, Anna Zhu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14327
Experiencing Booms and Busts in the Welfare State and Support for Redistribution
Kerstin F. Hansen, Alois Stutzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14239
Do You Really Want to Share Everything? The Wellbeing of Work-Linked Couples
Juliane Hennecke, Clemens Hetschko
revised version published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2025, 77 (2), 516–536
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14128
The Gender Pay Gap Revisited with Big Data: Do Methodological Choices Matter?
Anthony Strittmatter, Conny Wunsch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14063
Does the Rise of China Lead to the Fall of European Welfare States?
Erling Barth, Henning Finseraas, Anders Kjelsrud, Karl Ove Moene
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14032
The Political Cost of Lockdown's Enforcement
Andrea Fazio, Tommaso G. Reggiani, Fabio Sabatini
revised version published as 'The political cost of sanctions: evidence from COVID-19' in: Health Policy ,2022, 126 (9), 872-878
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13772
Long-Term Effects of Individual Placement and Support Services for Disability Benefits Recipients with Severe Mental Illnesses
Marloes De Graaf-Zijl, Marcel Spijkerman, Wim Zwinkels
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13765
From Parent to Child? The Long-Lasting Effects of Social Support
Ambra Poggi, Guyonne Kalb
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13644
Hitting Where It Hurts Most: COVID-19 and Low-Income Urban College Students
Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2022, 87, 102233
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13595
Social Pressure in the Stadiums: Do Agents Change Behavior without Crowd Support?
Vincenzo Scoppa
published in: Journal of Economic Psychology, 2021, 82, 102344.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13498
Team Incentives, Social Cohesion, and Performance: A Natural Field Experiment
Josse Delfgaauw, Robert Dur, Oke Onemu, Joeri Sol
published in: Management Science, 2022, 68 (1), 230-256
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13403
Retirement, Social Support and Mental Wellbeing: A Couple-level Analysis
Nathan Kettlewell, Jack Lam
published in: European Journal of Health Economics, 2022, 23, 511–535
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13157
Are Universities Important for Explaining Unequal Participation in Student Mobility? A Comparison between Germany, Hungary, Italy and the UK
Sylke V. Schnepf, Elena Bastianelli, Zsuzsa Blaskó
revised version published online as 'What can explain the socio-economic gap in international student mobility uptake? Similarities between Germany, Hungary, Italy and the UK' in: European Education Research Journal, 2024, 23 (4), 479 - 502
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12825
New Evidence on Disability Benefit Claims in the UK: The Role of Health and the Local Labour Market
Jennifer Roberts, Karl Taylor
published in: Economica, 2022, 89, 131-169
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12203
Long-Run Effects from Comprehensive Student Support: Evidence from Pathways to Education
Adam M. Lavecchia, Philip Oreopoulos, Robert S. Brown
published in: American Economic Review: Insights, 2020, 2 (2), 209–224
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12025
Can Reduced Child Support Make Joint Custody Bad for Children? The Role of Economic Incentives in U.S. Divorce Law on Child Outcomes
Daniel Fernández-Kranz, Jennifer Louise Roff, Hugette Sun
published as 'Can economic incentives for joint custody harm children of divorced parents? Evidence from state variation in child support laws' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021, 189, 1 - 27
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11083
Higher Education Funding Reforms: A Comprehensive Analysis of Educational and Labor Market Outcomes in England
Ghazala Azmat, Stefania Simion
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10988
Labour Supply and Informal Care Supply: The Impacts of Financial Support for Long-Term Elderly Care
Bruce Hollingsworth, Asako Ohinata, Matteo Picchio, Ian Walker
revised version published as 'The Impacts of Free Universal Elderly Care on the Supply of Informal Care and Labour Supply' in: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 84 (4), 933 - 960
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10986
Insurance and Solidarity: Evidence from a Lab-in-the-Field Experiment in Cambodia
Friederike Lenel, Susan Steiner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10772
The Education Motive for Migrant Remittances: Theory and Evidence from India
Matthieu Delpierre, Arnaud Dupuy, Michel Tenikue, Bertrand Verheyden
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10665
Income Support Policies for the Working Poor
Sarah Marchal, Ive Marx, Gerlinde Verbist
published in: Lohmann, H. and I. Marx (eds), Handbook on In-Work Poverty, Edward Elgar, 2019
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10532
Practical Procedures to Deal with Common Support Problems in Matching Estimation
Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter
published in: Econometric Reviews, 2019, 38 (2), 193-207
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10486
Does Job Support Make Workers Happy?
Petri Böckerman, Alex Bryson, Antti Kauhanen, Mari Kangasniemi
published in: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2020, 67 (1), 31-52
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9625
The Support Paradox in Community Enterprise Experiments in The Netherlands
Reinout Kleinhans, Maarten van Ham
published in: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2017, 31 (4), 570-589
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9406
The Subversive Nature of Inequality: Subjective Inequality Perceptions and Attitudes to Social Inequality
Andreas Kuhn
revised and shortened version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2019, 59, 331-344
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9390
Stemming the Tide: What Have EU Countries Done to Support Low-Wage Workers in an Era of Downward Wage Pressures?
Sarah Marchal, Ive Marx
published in: Journal of European Social Policy, 2018, 28 (1), 18 - 33
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9237
The Financial Support for Long-Term Elderly Care and Household Savings Behaviour
Asako Ohinata, Matteo Picchio
revised version published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2020, 72 (1), 247-268
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9191
Means Testing versus Basic Income: The (Lack of) Political Support for a Universal Allowance
Helmuth Cremer, Kerstin Roeder
published in: Economics Letters, 2015, 136, 81-84
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9007
Wage Returns to Mid-Career Investments in Job Training through Employer-Supported Course Enrollment: Evidence for Canada
Wen Ci, Jose C. Galdo, Marcel Voia, Christopher Worswick
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy. 2015, 4:9
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8660
Ageing in a Long-term Regeneration Neighbourhood: A Disruptive Experience or Successful Ageing in Place?
Reinout Kleinhans, Lex Veldboer, Sylvia Jansen, Maarten van Ham
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8105
Does the Home Advantage Depend on Crowd Support? Evidence from Same-Stadium Derbies
Michela Ponzo, Vincenzo Scoppa
published in: Journal of Sports Economics, 2018, 19 (4), 562-582
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8087
Five Crossroads on the Way to Basic Income: An Italian Tour
Ugo Colombino
revised version published in: Italian Economic Journal, 2015, 1 (3), 353-389
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6974
Monetary Transfers from Children and the Labour Supply of Elderly Parents: Evidence from Vietnam
Trong-Ha Nguyen, Amy Y.C. Liu, Alison L. Booth
published in: Journal of Development Studies, 2012, 48 (8), 1177–1191
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6959
Welfare Programs and Labor Supply in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Latin America
María Laura Alzúa, Guillermo Cruces, Laura Ripani
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2013, 26(4), 1255-1284
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6059
Five Issues in the Design of Income Support Mechanisms: The Case of Italy
Ugo Colombino
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5836
Did Growth and Reforms Increase Citizens' Support for the Transition?
Roberto Golinelli, Riccardo Rovelli
revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2013, 30, 112-137
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5745
Employment, Hours of Work and the Optimal Taxation of Low Income Families
Richard Blundell, Andrew Shephard
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2012, 79(2), 481-510
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5571
Wage Differentials between Native and Immigrant Women in Spain: Accounting for Differences in the Supports
Catia Nicodemo, Raul Ramos
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2012, 33 (1), 118-136
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4449
Demand for Redistribution, Support for the Welfare State, and Party Identification in Austria
Andreas Kuhn
revised version published in: Empirica, 2010, 37(2), 215-236
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4360
In the Eye of the Beholder: Subjective Inequality Measures and the Demand for Redistribution
Andreas Kuhn
published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2011, 27(4), 625-641
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3891
Unintended Consequences of Welfare Reform: The Case of Divorced Parents
Marco Francesconi, Helmut Rainer, Wilbert van der Klaauw
published as 'Unintended Consequences of Welfare Reform for Children with Single Parents: A Theoretical Analysis' in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2015, 13(3), 709-733
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3767
The Relative Effectiveness of Selected Active Labour Market Programmes and the Common Support Problem
Gesine Stephan, André Pahnke
revised version published as 'The Relative Effectiveness of Selected Active Labor Market Programs: An Empiriccal Investigation for Germany' in: Manchester School, 2011, 79(6), 1262-1293
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3473
Does the Effect of Incentive Payments on Survey Response Rates Differ by Income Support History?
Juan D. Barón, Robert Breunig, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Tue Gorgens, Anastasia Sartbayeva
published in: Journal of Official Statistics, 2009, 25(4), 483-507
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3003
A Positive Theory of the Earnings Relationship of Unemployment Benefits
Laszlo Goerke, Markus Pannenberg, Heinrich W. Ursprung
published in: Public Choice, 2010, 145 (1-2), 137-163
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2498
Intra-Household Allocation of Resources: Inferences from Non-Resident Fathers’ Child Support Payments
John Ermisch, Chiara D. Pronzato
published in: Economic Journal, 2008, 118 (527), 347-362
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2424
Making Work Pay for the Elderly Unemployed: Evaluating Alternative Policy Reforms for Germany
Peter Haan, Viktor Steiner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2393
The Macroeconomics of Targeting: The Case of an Enduring Epidemic
Clive Bell, Hans Gersbach
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2009, 28 (1), 54-72
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1919
The Long-Term Effects of a Generous Income Support Program: Unemployment Insurance in New Brunswick and Maine, 1940-1991
Peter J. Kuhn, Chris Riddell
revised version published as 'The Long-Term Effects of Unemployment Insurance: Evidence from New Brunswick and Maine, 1940 - 1991' in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2010, 63 (2), 183 - 204
IZA Discussion Paper No. 864
A Couples-Based Approach to the Problem of Workless Families
Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Chris Ryan, Robert Breunig
published in: Economic Record, 2006, 82 (259), 428-444
IZA Discussion Paper No. 289
Old-Age Support in Developing Countries: Labor Supply, Intergenerational Transfers and Living Arrangements
Lisa A. Cameron, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark
published as 'Do coresidency and financial transfers from the children reduce the need for elderly parents to works in developing countries?' in: Journal of Population Economics, 2008, 21(4), 1007-1033
IZA Discussion Paper No. 255
Product Market Reforms and Unemployment in Europe
Hans Gersbach, Achim Schniewind
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