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IZA Discussion Papers

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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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113 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17892
Belief Updating About Moral Norms: Does Group Identity Matter?
David L. Dickinson, Marie Claire Villeval
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17840
Gender Norms, Stereotypical Beliefs, and Competitiveness
Alexander K. Koch, Julia Nafziger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17762
Firms’ Beliefs About Wage Setting
Antoine Bertheau, Christian Philip Hoeck
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17748
Mutual Knowledge of Social Norms and Political Behavior
Anselm Hager, Elnura Kazakbaeva, Lukas Hensel, Damir Esenaliev
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17732
The Impact of Higher Education on Employer Perceptions
Renske Stans, Laura Ehrmantraut, Malin Siemers, Pia Pinger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17574
Beliefs on Children's Human Capital Formation and Mothers at Work
Césarine Boinet, Jonathan Norris, Agnese Romiti, Zhan Shi, Paul Telemo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17540
Partisan Discrimination in Hiring
Martin Abel, Andrea Robbett, Daniel F. Stone
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17488
We Need to Talk: Audio Surveys and Information Extraction
Vincenzo Galasso, Tommaso Nannicini, Debora Nozza
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17407
The Role of Social Mobility Experience in Zero-Sum Beliefs
Kelly J. Liu, Alois Stutzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17331
Teacher Personality and the Perceived Socioeconomic Gap in Student Outcomes
Giorgio Brunello, Clementina Crocè, Pamela Giustinelli, Lorenzo Rocco
published in: Economics Letters, 2025, 247, 112096
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17120
Higher-Order Beliefs and Risky Asset Holdings
Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Xiao Yin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17110
Aggregate Shocks and the Formation of Preferences and Beliefs
Paola Giuliano, Antonio Spilimbergo
forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Literature
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17030
Mental Models in Financial Markets: How Do Experts Reason about the Pricing of Climate Risk?
Rob Bauer, Katrin Gödker, Paul Smeets, Florian Zimmermann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17017
News, Emotions, and Policy Views on Immigration
Elena Manzoni, Elie Murard, Simone Quercia, Sara Tonini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16877
Beliefs That Entertain
Ashvin Gandhi, Paola Giuliano, Eric Guan, Quinn Keefer, Chase McDonald, Michaela Pagel, Joshua Tasoff
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16729
How Daycare Quality Shapes Norms around Daycare Use and Parental Employment: Experimental Evidence from Germany
Marie-Fleur Philipp, Silke Büchau, Pia S. Schober, Viktoria Werner, C. Katharina Spieß
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16524
Labor Market News and Expectations about Jobs & Earnings
Bernhard Schmidpeter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16478
Navigating Ambiguity: Imprecise Probabilities and the Updating of Disease Risk Beliefs
Jason Kerwin, Divya Pandey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16478
Navigating Ambiguity: Imprecise Probabilities and the Updating of Disease Risk Beliefs
Jason Kerwin, Divya Pandey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16415
The Behavioral Mechanisms of Voluntary Cooperation across Culturally Diverse Societies: Evidence from the US, the UK, Morocco, and Turkey
Till O. Weber, Jonathan F. Schulz, Benjamin Beranek, Fatima Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Simon Gächter
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 215, 134-152;
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16358
Activating Change: The Role of Information and Beliefs in Social Activism
Farzana Afridi, Ahana Basistha, Amrita Dhillon, Danila Serra
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16283
Persistent Overconfidence and Biased Memory: Evidence from Managers
David B. Huffman, Collin Raymond, Julia Shvets
published in: American Economic Review, 2022, 112 (10), 3141–3175
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16143
For Better or Worse? Subjective Expectations and Cost-Benefit Trade-Offs in Health Behavior
Gabriella Conti, Pamela Giustinelli
published in: Health Economics, 2025, 34, 992 - 1012
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16061
Locus of Control and the Preference for Agency
Marco Caliendo, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Juliana Silva Goncalves, Arne Uhlendorff
published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 165, 104737
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16013
Workers' Perceptions of Earnings Growth and Employment Risk
Gizem Koşar, Wilbert van der Klaauw
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15826
Information Frictions, Belief Updating and Internal Migration: Evidence from Ghana and Uganda
Sarah Frohnweiler, Bernd Beber, Cara Ebert
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2024, 171, 103311
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15792
Do Immigrants Ever Oppose Immigration?
Aflatun Kaeser, Massimiliano Tani
publishled in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 80, 102460
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15773
Gender Stereotypes in the Family
Cheti Nicoletti, Almudena Sevilla, Valentina Tonei
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15765
Parental Beliefs, Perceived Health Risks, and Time Investment in Children: Evidence from COVID-19
Gabriella Conti, Michele Giannola, Alessandro Toppeta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15682
Motivated Belief Updating and Rationalization of Information
Christoph Drobner, Sebastian J. Goerg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15682
Motivated Belief Updating and Rationalization of Information
Christoph Drobner, Sebastian J. Goerg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15682
Motivated Belief Updating and Rationalization of Information
Christoph Drobner, Sebastian J. Goerg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15633
The Effect of Preferential Admissions on the College Participation of Disadvantaged Students: The Role of Pre-College Choices
Michela M. Tincani, Fabian Kosse, Enrico Miglino
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15574
The Downward Spiral
Jeremy Greenwood, Nezih Guner, Karen A. Kopecky
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15492
Beliefs, Learning, and Personality in the Indefinitely Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma
David Gill, Yaroslav Rosokha
published in: American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 2024, 16 (3), 259– 283
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15346
Does Public Policy Affect Attitudes? Evidence from Age-Based Health Insurance Coverage Policies in the United States
Baris Yörük
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 205, 287-302
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15307
Perceived Returns to Job Search
Abi Adams-Prassl, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, Christopher Rauh
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 80, 102307
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14963
Worker Beliefs about Outside Options
Simon Jäger, Christopher Roth, Nina Roussille, Benjamin Schoefer
published online in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 10 January 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14853
Zero Lower Bound on Inflation Expectations
Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Dmitriy Sergeyev
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14518
Fighting Climate Change: The Role of Norms, Preferences, and Moral Values
Peter Andre, Teodora Boneva, Felix Chopra, Armin Falk
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14355
Time is of the Essence: Climate Adaptation Induced by Existing Institutions
Antonio M. Bento, Noah Miller, Mehreen Mookerjee, Edson Severnini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14348
Maternal Labor Supply: Perceived Returns, Constraints, and Social Norms
Teodora Boneva, Katja Maria Kaufmann, Christopher Rauh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14130
Republic of Beliefs: An Experimental Investigation
Utteeyo Dasgupta, Fatos Radoniqi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14087
Immigration, Crime, and Crime (Mis)Perceptions
Nicolas Ajzenman, Patricio Dominguez-Rivera, Raimundo Undurraga
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14083
Breaking Gender Barriers: Experimental Evidence on Men in Pink-Collar Jobs
Alexia Delfino
published in: Amercian Economic Review, 2024, 114 (6), 1816 -1853
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13964
Interregional Contact and National Identity
Manuel Bagues, Christopher Roth
published as 'Interregional Contact and the Formation of a Shared Identity' in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2023, 15 (3), 322–350
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13916
The Effect of Gender and Gender Pairing on Bargaining: Evidence from an Artefactual Field Experiment
Ben D'Exelle, Christine Gutekunst, Arno Riedl
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 205, 237-269
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13851
Price and Saliency in Health Care: When Can Targeted Nudges Change Behaviors?
Brigham Walker
published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2023, 107, 102102
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13553
Climate Risk and Beliefs in New York Floodplains
Matthew Gibson, Jamie Mullins
published as 'Climate risk and beliefs in New York floodplains' in: Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, 2020, 7 (6), 1069-1111.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13510
Does the Dream of Home Ownership Rest upon Biased Beliefs? A Test Based on Predicted and Realized Life Satisfaction
Reto Odermatt, Alois Stutzer
revised version published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2022, 23 (8), 3731-3763
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13475
Biased Beliefs and Entry into Scientific Careers
Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Danijela Vuletić Čugalj
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13445
Subjective Expectations for Health Service Use and Consequences for Health Insurance Behavior
Nathan Kettlewell
published as 'The informational content of subjective expectations for health service use' in: BMC Health Services Research, 2021, 21, 464 (2021)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13308
Biased Health Perceptions and Risky Health Behaviors: Theory and Evidence
Patrick Arni, Davide Dragone, Lorenz Götte, Nicolas R. Ziebarth
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2021, 76, 102425
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13230
Six-Country Survey on COVID-19
Michèle Belot, Syngjoo Choi, Julian C. Jamison, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Egon Tripodi, Eline van den Broek-Altenburg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13192
The Role of Faith and Faith Schooling in Educational, Economic, and Faith Outcomes
Andrew McKendrick, Ian Walker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13065
Parents' Responses to Teacher Qualifications
Simon Chang, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Nicolás Salamanca
publisehd in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2022, 197, 419 - 446
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13060
Why Do We Procrastinate? Present Bias and Optimism
Zachary Breig, Matthew Gibson, Jeffrey G. Shrader
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13056
Maternal Investments in Children: The Role of Expected Effort and Returns
Sonia R. Bhalotra, Adeline Delavande, Paulino Font Gilabert, Joanna Maselko
published in: Economic Journal, 2025, 135 (667), 712–747
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12759
Political Activists as Free-Riders: Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment
Anselm Hager, Lukas Hensel, Johannes Hermle, Christopher Roth
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12508
One Step at a Time: Does Gradualism Build Coordination?
Maoliang Ye, Jie Zheng, Plamen Nikolov, Samuel Asher
published in: Management Science, 2019, 66 (1), 113-129.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12217
Incentives, Search Engines, and the Elicitation of Subjective Beliefs: Evidence from Representative Online Survey Experiments
Elisabeth Grewenig, Katharina Werner, Ludger Woessmann, Philipp Lergetporer
published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2022, 231 (1), 304-326
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12153
Measuring Belief-Dependent Preferences without Information about Beliefs
Charles Bellemare, Alexander Sebald
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12066
The Effect of Superstition on Health: Evidence from the Taiwanese Ghost Month
Martin Halla, Chia-Lun Liu, Jin-Tan Liu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11954
A Theory of Conservative Revivals
Murat Iyigun, Jared Rubin, Avner Seror
published as 'A Theory of Cultural Revivals' in: European Economic Review, 2021, 135, 103-134.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11917
The Causal Effect of Trust
Björn Bartling, Ernst Fehr, David B. Huffman, Nick Netzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11758
A Tale of Two Cities: An Experiment on Inequality and Preferences
Maria Bigoni, Stefania Bortolotti, Veronica Rattini
published in: Theory and Decision, 2022, 92, 189 - 222
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11336
Parental Beliefs about Returns to Child Health Investments
Pietro Biroli, Teodora Boneva, Akash Raja, Christopher Rauh
published in: Journal of Econometrics, 2022, 231 (1), 33 - 57
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10956
Do Beliefs about Peers Matter for Donation Matching? Experiments in the Field and Laboratory
Laura Katherine Gee, Michael J. Schreck
published in: Games and Economic Behavior, 2018, 107, 282 - 297
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10781
Spillover Effects of Institutions on Cooperative Behavior, Preferences and Beliefs
Florian Engl, Arno Riedl, Roberto A. Weber
published in: American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 2021, 13 (4), 261 - 299
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10703
The Ideological Roots of Institutional Change
Murat Iyigun, Jared Rubin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10625
Let the Girls Learn! I It is not Only about Math... It’s about Gender Social Norm
Natalia Nollenberger, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2018, 62, 230-253
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10622
The Intergenerational Transmission of Math Culture
Gianna Claudia Giannelli, Chiara Rapallini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10567
Genetic Ability, Wealth, and Financial Decision-Making
Daniel Barth, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Kevin Thom
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2020, 128 (4),1474-1522
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10545
True Overconfidence, Revealed through Actions: An Experiment
Stephen L. Cheung, Lachlan Johnstone
revised version forthcoming in: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 2025.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10419
Does Information Change Attitudes Towards Immigrants? Representative Evidence from Survey Experiments
Alexis Grigorieff, Christopher Roth, Diego Ubfal
published in: Demography, 2020, 57, 1111-1143
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10360
Learning about Oneself: The Effects of Performance Feedback on School Choice
Matteo Bobba, Veronica Frisancho
Updated version available as DP 16168.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10344
Subjective Completion Beliefs and the Demand for Post-Secondary Education
Johannes S. Kunz, Kevin E. Staub
published as 'Early subjective completion beliefs and the demand for post-secondary education' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2020, 177, 34-55
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10172
Beliefs and Utility: Experimental Evidence on Preferences for Information
Armin Falk, Florian Zimmermann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10136
Money or Fun? Why Students Want to Pursue Further Education
Chris Belfield, Teodora Boneva, Christopher Rauh, Jonathan Shaw
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10110
The Long-Term Impact of International Migration on Economic Decision-Making: Evidence from a Migration Lottery and Lab-in-the-Field Experiments
John Gibson, David McKenzie, Halahingano Rohorua, Steven Stillman
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2019, 138, 99-115
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9872
On the Interpretation of World Values Survey Trust Question: Global Expectations vs. Local Beliefs
Ritwik Banerjee
published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2018, 55, 491-510
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9856
Subjective Belief Distributions and the Characterization of Economic Literacy
Amalia Di Girolamo, Glenn Harrison, Morten Lau, J. Todd Swarthout
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9617
Opening the Blackbox: How Does Labor Market Policy Affect the Job Seekers' Behavior? A Field Experiment
Patrick Arni
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9478
Rank, Sex, Drugs, and Crime
Benjamin Elsner, Ingo E. Isphording
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2018, 53(2), 356-381
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9406
The Subversive Nature of Inequality: Subjective Inequality Perceptions and Attitudes to Social Inequality
Andreas Kuhn
revised and shortened version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2019, 59, 331-344
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8975
Religion and Innovation
Roland Benabou, Davide Ticchi, Andrea Vindigni
published in: American Economic Review, 2015, 105 (5), 346–351
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8858
Biased Beliefs and Imperfect Information
Eugenio Proto, Daniel Sgroi
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2017, 136, 186 - 2020
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8698
Compulsory Schooling Laws and Formation of Beliefs: Education, Religion and Superstition
Naci Mocan, Luiza Pogorelova
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2017, 142, 509-539
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8580
Leaders as Role Models for the Voluntary Provision of Public Goods
Simon Gächter, Elke Renner
revised version published as 'Leaders as role models and 'belief managers' in social dilemmas' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2018, 154, 321-334
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8409
Immigration, Cultural Distance and Natives' Attitudes Towards Immigrants: Evidence from Swiss Voting Results
Beatrice Brunner, Andreas Kuhn
revised version published in: Kyklos, 2018, 71(1), 28-58
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7932
Ambiguity on Audits and Cooperation in a Public Goods Game
Zhixin Dai, Robin M. Hogarth, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published in: European Economic Review, 2015, 74, 146-162
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7372
Correlation Neglect in Belief Formation
Benjamin Enke, Florian Zimmermann
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2019, 86 (1), 313–33
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7340
How Do Voters Respond to Information? Evidence from a Randomized Campaign
Chad Kendall, Tommaso Nannicini, Francesco Trebbi
published in: American Economic Review, 2015, 105 (1), 322-353
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6560
Do Public Health Interventions Crowd Out Private Health Investments? Malaria Control Policies in Eritrea
Pedro Carneiro, Andrea Locatelli, Tewolde Ghebremeskel, Joseph Keating
substantially revised version pubished in: Labour Economics, 2017, 45, 107 - 115
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5957
Learning about a Class of Belief-Dependent Preferences without Information on Beliefs
Charles Bellemare, Alexander Sebald
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5862
Chicken or Checkin'? Rational Learning in Repeated Chess Games
Christer Gerdes, Patrik Gränsmark, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5735
On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough
Alberto Alesina, Paola Giuliano, Nathan Nunn
published in: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2013, 128 (2), 469-530
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5122
Does Culture Matter?
Raquel Fernández
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5109
Hidden Skewness
Ludwig Ensthaler, Olga Nottmeyer, Georg Weizsäcker
published in: Management Science, 2018, 64 (4), 1693-1706.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5049
Strategic Sophistication of Adolescents: Evidence from Experimental Normal-Form Games
Simon Czermak, Francesco Feri, Daniela Glätzle-Rützler, Matthias Sutter
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2016, 128, 265-285.
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