The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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260 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10597
The Perfect Storm: Graduating in a Recession in a Segmented Labor Market
Daniel Fernández-Kranz, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
published in: Industrial Labor Relations Review, 2018, 71 (2), 492-524
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10470
Is Modern Technology Responsible for Jobless Recoveries?
Georg Graetz, Guy Michaels
published in: American Economic Review, 2017, 107 (5), 168-173
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10439
Unemployment Insurance Generosity and Aggregate Employment
Christopher Boone, Arindrajit Dube, Lucas Goodman, Ethan Kaplan
published in: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2021, 13 (2), 58–99
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10265
Frictional Unemployment with Stochastic Bubbles
Guillaume Vuillemey, Etienne Wasmer
published in: European Economic Review, 2020,122, 103352
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9965
Public Wages, Public Employment, and Business Cycle Volatility: Evidence from U.S. Metro Areas
Claire A. Boeing-Reicher, Vincenzo Caponi
published in: Review of Economic Dynamics, 2024, 54, 101232
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9913
Temporary Agency Work and the Great Recession
Daniel Baumgarten, Michael Kvasnicka
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2017, 136, 29-44
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9847
Employment Adjustment and Part-time Jobs: The U.S. and the U.K. in the Great Recession
Daniel Borowczyk-Martins, Etienne Lalé
published in: American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, January 2019, 11 (1), 389-435.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9816
Business Cycle Asymmetries and the Labor Market
Britta Kohlbrecher, Christian Merkl
published in: Journal of Macroeconomics, 2022, 73, 103458
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9775
How Bad Is Involuntary Part-time Work?
Daniel Borowczyk-Martins, Etienne Lalé
published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2018, 70 (1), 183-205.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9629
Working Hard in the Wrong Place: A Mismatch-Based Explanation to the UK Productivity Puzzle
Christina Patterson, Aysegül Sahin, Giorgio Topa, Giovanni L. Violante
published in: European Economic Review, 2016, 84, 42-56
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9574
New Job Matches and Their Stability Before and During the Crisis
Amparo Nagore García, Arthur van Soest
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9469
Real Wage Cyclicality in the Eurozone Before and During the Great Recession: Evidence from Micro Data
Gregory Verdugo
published in: European Economic Review, 2016, 82, 46-69
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9409
Household Debt and Crises of Confidence
Thomas Hintermaier, Winfried Koeniger
revised version published in: Quantitative Economics, 2018, 9, 1489-1542.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9364
Countercyclical Recruiting Rates and the Value of Jobs
Eran Yashiv
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9291
Efficiency and Labor Market Dynamics in a Model of Labor Selection
Sanjay K. Chugh, Christian Merkl
published in: International Economic Review, 2016, 57 (4), 1371–1404.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9205
Can Intra-Regional Trade Act as a Global Shock Absorber in Africa?
Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Qingwei Meng, Mthuli Ncube
published in: World Economics, 2015, 16 (3), 141 - 162
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9174
Health and Unemployment during Macroeconomic Crises
Prashant Bharadwaj, Petter Lundborg, Dan-Olof Rooth
published as "Birth weight and vulnerability to a macroeconomic crisis": Journal of Health Economics, 2019, 66, 136-144.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9167
Investment over the Business Cycle: Insights from College Major Choice
Erica Blom, Brian C. Cadena, Benjamin J. Keys
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2021, 39 (4), 1043–1082
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9115
Did the Intergenerational Solidarity Pact Increase the Employment Rate of Older Workers in Belgium? A Macro-Econometric Evaluation
Muriel Dejemeppe, Catherine Smith, Bruno Van der Linden
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2015, 4 (17)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8993
Fiscal Policy, Interest Rate Spreads, and the Zero Lower Bound
Christian Bredemeier, Falko Juessen, Andreas Schabert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8991
Benefit Reentitlement Conditions in Unemployment Insurance Schemes
Torben M. Andersen, Mark Strom Kristoffersen, Michael Svarer
published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 52, 27-39
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8948
Man-cessions, Fiscal Policy, and the Gender Composition of Employment
Christian Bredemeier, Falko Juessen, Roland Winkler
published in: Economics Letters, 2017, 158, 73-76
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8946
Employment and Hours over the Business Cycle in a Model with Search Frictions
Noritaka Kudoh, Hiroaki Miyamoto, Masaru Sasaki
publication in: Review of Economic Dynamics, 2019. 31, 436-461
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8889
Scars of Recessions in a Rigid Labor Market
Bart Cockx, Corinna Ghirelli
published in: Labour Economics, 2016, 41, 162-176
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8663
Measuring Heterogeneity in Job Finding Rates Among the Nonemployed Using Labor Force Status Histories
Fabian Lange, Marianna Kudlyak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8655
How Darwinian Should an Economy Be?
Gilles Saint-Paul
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8646
Employment Cyclicality and Firm Quality
Lisa B. Kahn, Erika McEntarfer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8515
Revisiting the Matching Function
Britta Kohlbrecher, Christian Merkl, Daniela Nordmeier
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2016, 69, 350–374.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8453
Labor Market Reforms and Current Account Imbalances: Beggar-Thy-Neighbor Policies in a Currency Union?
Timo Baas, Ansgar H. Belke
also available as: CEPS Working Document No. 399, Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, September
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8290
Skill Shortages in German Establishments
Lutz Bellmann, Olaf Hübler
published in: Journal of Economics and Statistics, 2014, 234 (6), 800-826
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8121
Unemployment Transitions to Stable and Unstable Jobs Before and During the Crisis
Amparo Nagore García, Arthur van Soest
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8076
Why is Old Workers' Labor Market More Volatile? Unemployment Fluctuations over the Life-Cycle
Jean-Olivier Hairault, François Langot, Thepthida Sopraseuth
published as 'Unemployment fluctuations over the life cycle' in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2019, 100 (C), 334-352.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8031
Newborn Health and the Business Cycle: Is It Good to Be Born in Bad Times?
Ainoa Aparicio Fenoll, Libertad González
published as 'Recessions and Babies' Health' in: Economics & Human Biology, Volume 37, May 2020, 100836.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7888
Employment Dynamics and Redistributive Policies under Workers' Social Norms
Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira, Teresa Lloyd-Braga, Leonor Modesto
published as 'The destabilizing effects of the social norm to work under a social security system' in: Mathematical Social Sciences, 2015, 76, 64-72
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7852
Business Cycles, Unemployment and Entrepreneurial Entry: Evidence from Germany
Michael Fritsch, Alexander S. Kritikos, Katharina Pijnenburg
published in: International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2015, 11(2), 267-286
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7826
Volatility and Growth: Governments are Key
Michael Jetter
published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2014, 36, 71-88
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7817
Do Business Cycles Have Long-Term Impact for Particular Cohorts?
Torben M. Andersen, Jonas Maibom, Michael Svarer, Allan Sørensen
published in: LABOUR, 2017, 31 (3), 309 - 336
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7805
Fiscal Policy, Sovereign Default, and Bailouts
Falko Juessen, Andreas Schabert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7745
The Incidence and Persistence of Cyclical Job Loss in New Zealand
David C. Maré, Richard Fabling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7715
Amerisclerosis? The Puzzle of Rising U.S. Unemployment Persistence
Olivier Coibion, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Dmitri Koustas
published in: Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2013, 47 (2), 193-26
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7605
Economic Conditions at Birth, Birth Weight, Ability, and the Causal Path to Cardiovascular Mortality
Gerard J. van den Berg, Bitte Modin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7599
Output-Employment Relationship across Sectors: A Long- versus Short-Run Perspective
Afsin Sahin, Aysit Tansel, Hakan Berument
published in: Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, 2013, 2, 1-23.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7538
Health and Health Behaviors during the Worst of Times: Evidence from the Great Recession
Erdal Tekin, Chandler McClellan, Karen Jean Minyard
published as 'Health and health behaviors during the great recession: a note on drinking, smoking, obesity, and physical activity' in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2017, 16, 1017 - 1026
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7475
Does Short-Time Work Save Jobs? A Business Cycle Analysis
Almut Balleer, Britta Gehrke, Wolfgang Lechthaler, Christian Merkl
published in: European Economic Review, 2016, 84, 99–122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7456
Flight of the H-1B: Inter-Firm Mobility and Return Migration Patterns for Skilled Guest Workers
Briggs Depew, Peter Norlander, Todd A. Sorensen
published as "Inter-firm mobility and return migration patterns of skilled guest workers" in Journal of Population Economics, 2017, 30 (2), 681-721
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7396
Aggregation and the Estimated Effects of Local Economic Conditions on Health
Jason M. Lindo
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2015, 40, 83-96
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7322
Groupthink: Collective Delusions in Organizations and Markets
Roland Benabou
published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2013, 80 (2), 429-462
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7192
Cyclicality of Job and Worker Flows: New Data and a New Set of Stylized Facts
Rüdiger Bachmann, Christian Bayer, Stefan Seth, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6876
Can Taxes Stabilize the Economy in the Presence of Consumption Externalities?
Teresa Lloyd-Braga, Leonor Modesto
published in K. Nishimura et al. (eds.), Sunspots and Non-Linear Dynamics, Studies in Economic Theory 31, Springer 2017.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6849
Separations, Sorting and Cyclical Unemployment
Andreas I. Mueller
published in: American Economic Review, 2017, 107 (7), 2081-2107
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6820
Good Skills in Bad Times: Cyclical Skill Mismatch and the Long-Term Effects of Graduating in a Recession
Kai Liu, Kjell G. Salvanes, Erik Ø. Sørensen
published in: European Economic Review, 2016, 84, 3-17.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6671
How Are Firms Affected by the Crisis and How Do They React?
Niels C. Westergård-Nielsen, Ioana Neamtu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6538
Retirement: Does Individual Unemployment Matter? Evidence from Danish Panel Data 1980–2009
Trine Filges, Mona Larsen, Peder J. Pedersen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6529
What Effects Do Macroeconomic Conditions Have on Families' Time Together?
Melinda Sandler Morrill, Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia
published as 'What Effects do Macroeconomic Conditions Have on the Time Couples with Children Spend Together?' in: Review of Economics of the Household, 2015, 13(4), 791-814
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6488
Asymmetric Labor Market Institutions in the EMU and the Volatility of Inflation and Unemployment Differentials
Mirko Abbritti, Andreas I. Mueller
published in: Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 2013, 45 (6), 1165-1186
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6393
The Microstructure of the Great Export Collapse in German Manufacturing Industries, 2008/2009
Joachim Wagner
published in: Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, 2013, 7 (1), 20130005
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6308
Unemployment Benefits or Taxes: How Should Policy Makers Redistribute Income over the Business Cycle?
Susanne Ek Spector
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6124
The Impact of the Macroeconomy on Health Insurance Coverage: Evidence from the Great Recession
John Cawley, Asako S. Moriya, Kosali Simon
published in: Health Economics, 2015, 24 (2), 206 - 223
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6115
The German Manufacturing Sector is a Granular Economy
Joachim Wagner
published in: Applied Economics Letters, 2012, 19 (17), 1663-1665
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6039
What Do Participation Fluctuations Tell Us About Labor Supply Elasticities?
Christian Haefke, Michael Reiter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6027
Business Cycle Effects of Credit and Technology Shocks in a DSGE Model with Firm Defaults
M. Hashem Pesaran, TengTeng Xu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5956
Fewer Jobs or Smaller Paychecks? Aggregate Crisis Impacts in Selected Middle-Income Countries
Gaurav Khanna, David Newhouse, Pierella Paci
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5912
Job Re-grading, Real Wages, and the Cycle
Robert A. Hart, J. Elizabeth Roberts
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5889
China's Emergence in the World Economy and Business Cycles in Latin America
Ambrogio Cesa-Bianchi, M. Hashem Pesaran, Alessandro Rebucci, TengTeng Xu
published in: Filippo di Mauro and Hashem Pesaran (eds.), The GVAR Handbook: Structure and Applications of a Macro Model of the Global Economy for Policy Analysis, Oxford University Press, 2013, 195–211
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5800
What Explains the German Labor Market Miracle in the Great Recession?
Michael C. Burda, Jennifer Hunt
published in: Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2011, Spring 2011, 273 - 319
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5681
How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries
Yoon Y. Cho, David Newhouse
published in: World Development, 2013, Vol (41), 31-50
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5610
Can Economic Crises Be Good for Your Diet?
Ralitza Dimova, Ira N. Gang, Monnet Benoit Patrick Gbakou, Daniel Hoffman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5603
Market Distortions and Local Indeterminacy: A General Approach
Teresa Lloyd-Braga, Leonor Modesto, Thomas Seegmuller
published in: Journal of Economic Theory, 2014, 151, 216–247
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5601
Health and Well-Being in the Crisis
Nikos Askitas, Klaus F. Zimmermann
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2015, 36 (1), 26 - 47.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5570
Trust in Public Institutions over the Business Cycle
Betsey Stevenson, Justin Wolfers
published in: American Economic Review, 2011, 101 (3), 281-287
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5522
Nowcasting Business Cycles Using Toll Data
Nikos Askitas, Klaus F. Zimmermann
published in: Journal of Forecasting, 2013, 32 (4), 299 - 306.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5489
The Cyclicality of Effective Wages within Employer-Employee Matches in a Rigid Labor Market
Silke Anger
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2011, 18 (6), 786-797
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5454
The Role of Marriage in the Causal Pathway from Economic Conditions Early in Life to Mortality
Gerard J. van den Berg, Sumedha Gupta
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2015, 40, 141–158
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5354
Immigrants' Employment Outcomes over the Business Cycle
Pia M. Orrenius, Madeline Zavodny
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5321
Fiscal Policy and the Labour Market: The Effects of Public Sector Employment and Wages
Pedro Maia Gomes
published as 'Optimal public sector wages' in: Economic Journal, 2015, 125 (587), 1425-1451.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5228
Wage Cyclicality under Different Regimes of Industrial Relations
Hermann Gartner, Thorsten Schank, Claus Schnabel
published in: Industrial Relations, 2013, 52 (2), 516-540
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5199
Real Wages and the Business Cycle in Germany
Martyna Marczak, Thomas Beissinger
published in: Empirical Economics, 2013, 44 (2), 469-490
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5150
Payroll Taxes, Social Insurance and Business Cycles
Michael C. Burda, Mark Weder
published in: Journal of European Economic Association, 2016, 14 (2), 436 - 467
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5117
Extensive vs. Intensive Margin in Germany and the United States: Any Differences?
Christian Merkl, Dennis Wesselbaum
published in: Applied Economics Letters, 2011, 18 (9), 805-808
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5099
The Vanishing Procyclicality of Labor Productivity
Jordi Galí, Thijs van Rens
published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 131 (633), 302 - 326
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5096
Oil Price Shocks and Labor Market Fluctuations
Javier Ordóñez, Hector Sala, José I. Silva
published in: Energy Journal, 2011, 32 (3), 89-118
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5039
Some Evidence on the Importance of Sticky Wages
Alessandro Barattieri, Susanto Basu, Peter T. Gottschalk
published in: American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2014, 6 (1), 70-101
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5023
Uniform and Nonuniform Staggering of Wage Contracts
Leif Danziger
published in: Labour Economics, 2010, 17 (6), 1038-1049
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4977
Real Wages, Working Time, and the Great Depression: What Does Micro Evidence Tell Us?
Robert A. Hart, J. Elizabeth Roberts
published as 'Real wage cyclicality in the Great Depression: evidence from British engineering and metal working firms' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2013, 65 (2), 197-218
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4924
Macroeconomic Volatilities and the Labor Market: First Results from the Euro Experiment
Christian Merkl, Tom Schmitz
published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2011, 27 (1), 44-60
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4917
Automatic Stabilizers, Economic Crisis and Income Distribution in Europe
Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, Andreas Peichl
published in: Research in Labor Economics, 2011, 32, 227-256
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4780
The Role of Early-Life Conditions in the Cognitive Decline due to Adverse Events Later in Life
Gerard J. van den Berg, Dorly J. H. Deeg, Maarten Lindeboom, France Portrait
published in: Economic Journal, 2010, 120 (548), F411-F428
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4757
Measuring What Employers Really Do about Entry Wages over the Business Cycle
Pedro S. Martins, Gary Solon, Jonathan P. Thomas
published in: American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2012, 4 (4), 36-55
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4432
Employment, Wages, and the Economic Cycle: Differences between Immigrants and Natives
Christian Dustmann, Albrecht Glitz, Thorsten Vogel
published in: European Economic Review, 2010, 54 (1), 1-17
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4403
They Are Even Larger! More (on) Puzzling Labor Market Volatilities
Hermann Gartner, Christian Merkl, Thomas Rothe
revised version published as 'Sclerosis and Large Volatilities: Two Sides of the Same Coin' in: Economics Letters, 2012, 117 (1), 106–109
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4397
Male and Female Labour Force Participation: The Role of Dynamic Adjustments to Changes in Labour Demand, Government Policies and Autonomous Trends
Maarten C.M. Vendrik, Frank Cörvers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4346
Real and Nominal Wage Rigidity in a Model of Equal-Treatment Contracting
Pedro S. Martins, Andy Snell, Jonathan P. Thomas
published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 112(4), 841-863, 2010
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4344
Employment Fluctuations with Downward Wage Rigidity: The Role of Moral Hazard
James Costain, Marcel Jansen
published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, special issue: "Price and Wage Dynamics", 2010, 112(4), 782-811
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4310
Automatic Stabilizers and Economic Crisis: US vs. Europe
Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, Andreas Peichl
revised version published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2012, 96 (3-4), 279-294
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4302
Expected Inflation, Sunspots Equilibria and Persistent Unemployment Fluctuations
Frédéric Dufourt, Teresa Lloyd-Braga, Leonor Modesto
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4258
Cyclical Skill-Biased Technological Change
Almut Balleer, Thijs van Rens
published as 'Skill-Biased Technological Change and the Business Cycle' in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2013, 95(4), 1222-1237
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4174
Real Wages and the Business Cycle: Accounting for Worker and Firm Heterogeneity
Anabela Carneiro, Paulo Guimaraes, Pedro Portugal
published as 'Real Wages and the Business Cycle: Accounting for Worker, Firm and Job-Title Heterogeneity' in American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2012, 4(2)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4145
An Incentive Theory of Matching
Alessio J. G. Brown, Christian Merkl, Dennis J. Snower
published in: Macroeconomic Dynamics, 2015, 19 (3), 643-668
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4113
The Finnish Great Depression: From Russia with Love
Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Enrique G. Mendoza, Linda L. Tesar
published in: American Economic Review 2012, 102(4), 1619-1643
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4093
The Dynamics of Entrepreneurship: Hysteresis, Business Cycles and Government Policy
Emilio Congregado, Antonio A. Golpe, Simon C. Parker
published in: Empirical Economics, 2012, 43, 1239 - 1261
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