The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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18,287 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18135
Beyond the Border: Labor Market Effects of U.S. Immigration Enforcement Policies in El Salvador
Christian Ambrosius, Juliana Quigua, Andrea Velasquez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18134
Vocational Education, Earnings and Job Satisfaction in Europe
Seamus McGuinness, Lorcan Kelly, Anne Devlin, Adele Whelan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18133
Developing a New European Indicator of Potential Skill Shortages
Seamus McGuinness, Elisa Staffa, Sangwoo Lee, Lorcan Kelly, Paul Redmond
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18132
The Shift from Persistent Inequality to Earnings Instability in Belgium
Maisarah Wizan, Denisa M. Sologon, Sarah Marchal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18131
Walking the Talk? Bank Climate Commitments and Green Lending in Emerging Markets
Mariana Bernad, Ralph De Haas, Juan Pablo Rud
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18130
The Effect of Broadband Internet on Mental Health-Related Disability Insurance Claims
Sofía Fernández Guerrico, Ilan Tojerow
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18129
Errors in Survey and Administrative Data on Employment Earnings: Austria and the United Kingdom Compared
Christopher R. Bollinger, Stephen P. Jenkins, Fernando Rios-Avila, Iva V. Tasseva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18128
Unions in Developing Countries
Alex Bryson, Mari Tanaka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18127
Workplace Peer Effects in Fertility Decisions
Maria De Paola, Roberto Nistico, Vincenzo Scoppa
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18126
Violence at School
Josefa Aguirre, Fernanda Ramírez-Espinoza, Roman Andres Zarate
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18125
Board Gender Diversity and Workforce Composition, Compensation, and Retention for U.S. Publicly Traded Firms
Tanya Byker, Sara Malik, Elena Patel, Jason Sandvik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18124
Citizen Training and the Urban Waste Footprint
Swati Dhingra, Fjolla Kondirolli, Stephen Machin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18123
The Enduring Legacy of Educational Institutions: Evidence from Hyanggyo in Pre-Modern Korea
Yeonha Jung, Minki Kim, Munseob Lee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18122
Social Risk, Fairness Types, and Redistribution
Stefania Bortolotti, Felix Kölle, Ivan Soraperra, Matthias Sutter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18121
No Payoff from Time Off? Mandated Paid Vacation and Late-Career Employment
Simon Bensnes, Øystein Hernaes, Max-Emil M. King
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18120
From Bust to Boom: The Great Depression and Women's Fertility
Andriana Bellou, Emanuela Cardia, Joshua Lewis
this paper supersedes the work in ‘Baby-Boom, Baby-Bust and the Great Depression’ (IZA Working Paper #8727) by Andriana Bellou and Emanuela Cardia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18119
Rethinking Credit and Capital Subsidies to Create Jobs Through MSMEs: The Role of Impact Investment Funds
David A. Robalino, Loubna Bourkane, Amir Ben Ghod Bene
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18118
Early Effects of Cognitive-Impairment Friendly Community on Health Care Utilization in China: Evidence from Administrative Data
Jingyi Ai, Xi Chen, Jin Feng, Yufei Xie
published in: Social Science & Medicine, 2025, 385, 118570
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18117
Investing in Human Capital During Wartime: Experimental Evidence from Ukraine
Lelys Dinarte Diaz, James Gresham, Renata Lemos, Harry Anthony Patrinos, Rony Rodriguez-Ramirez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18116
On the Road to Better Life? Rural Road and Economic Development in Albania
Santosh Kumar Gautam, Ermal Ilirjani, Patralekha Ukil
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