The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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733 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16953
Birth Order in the Very Long-Run: Estimating Firstborn Premiums between 1850 and 1940
Angela Cools, Jared Grooms, Krzysztof Karbownik, Siobhan O'Keefe, Joseph Price, Anthony Wray
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16919
The Impact of Hiring Costs for Skilled Workers on Apprenticeship Training: A Comparative Study
Manuel Aepli, Samuel Mühlemann, Harald Pfeifer, Jürg Schweri, Felix Wenzelmann, Stefan C. Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16910
Small Children, Big Problems: Childbirth and Crime
Diogo Britto, Roberto Hsu Rocha, Paolo Pinotti, Breno Sampaio
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16901
Parental and School Responses to Student Performance: Evidence from School Entry Rules
Peter Fredriksson, Björn Öckert, Lucas Tilley
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16890
There and Back Again: Women's Marginal Commuting Costs
Annette Bergemann, Stephan Brunow, Isabel Stockton
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16858
The Consequences of Miscarriage on Parental Investments
Aline Bütikofer, Deirdre Coy, Orla Doyle, Rita Ginja
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16851
School Starting Age and the Social Gradient in Educational Outcomes
Yuejun Zhao, Simen Markussen, Knut Røed
published online in: Education Economics, 09 April 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16843
Parental Leave, Worker Substitutability, and Firms' Employment
Mathias Huebener, Jonas Jessen, Daniel Kühnle, Michael Oberfichtner
published in: Economic Journal, 2025, 135 (669), 1467–1495
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16775
Intergenerational Persistence of Education, Smoking and Birth Weight: Evidence from Three Generations
Chiara Costi, Giuseppe Migali, Eugenio Zucchelli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16762
The Cost of Following Traditional Gender Norms: Evidence from a Paid Leave for Seriously Ill Children
Valentina Paredes, Francisca Perez, Francisco J. Pino, Patricia Olmedo Cortés
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16750
Born under the Bad Sign: Intergenerational Effects of the Finnish Great Depression of the Early 1990s
Eiji Mangyo, Mika Haapanen, Petri Böckerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16743
Baby Bumps in the Road: The Impact of Parenthood on Job Performance, Human Capital, and Career Advancement
Olivia Healy, Jennifer A. Heissel
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 22 August 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16726
Housing Costs, College Enrollment, and Student Mobility
Johannes Goehausen, Stephan L. Thomsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16694
When Randomization Is Not Feasible: The Case of Parenting Skills Programs
Daniela Del Boca, Chiara D. Pronzato, Lucia Schiavon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16661
A New Time-Use Diary App to Measure Parental Investments
Maria Bigoni, Stefania Bortolotti, Margherita Fort, Annalisa Guarini, Daniela Iorio, Chiara Monfardini, Alessandra Sansavini, Davide Sansone, Chiara Suttora
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16612
What Explains the Growing Gender Education Gap? The Effects of Parental Background, the Labor Market and the Marriage Market on College Attainment
Zvi Eckstein, Michael P. Keane, Osnat Lifshitz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16607
Reaching for Gold! The Impact of a Positive Reputation Shock on Career Choice
Daniel Goller, Stefan C. Wolter
published in: European Economic Review, 2025, 175, 105017
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16596
The Long-Term Impact of Parental Migration on the Health of Young Left-behind Children
Jinkai Li, Erga Luo, Bart Cockx
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16575
Land Markets and Labor Productivity: Empirical Evidence from China
Jian Zhang, Ashok K. Mishra, Peixin Zhu
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