The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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377 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17881
Do Financial Incentives for Training and Caseworker Meetings Enhance Re-Employment?
Tomi Kyyrä, Jouko Kullervo Verho
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17753
Technological Change and the Upskilling of European Workers
Seamus McGuinness, Paul Redmond, Konstantinos Pouliakas, Lorcan Kelly, Luke Brosnan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17731
Closing the Mismatch: Encouraging Jobseekers to Reskill for Shortage Occupations
Elisabeth Leduc, Ilan Tojerow
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17727
Managing Skills in Organizations - Evidence from a Field Experiment
Leonhard Grabe, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17672
Long-Term and Lasting Impacts of Personal Initiative Training on Entrepreneurial Success
Francisco Campos, Michael Frese, Leonardo Iacovone, Hillary C. Johnson, David McKenzie, Mona Mensmann
forthcoming in: American Economic Review: Insights
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17653
Families’ Career Investments and Firms’ Promotion Decisions
Frederik Almar, Benjamin Friedrich, Ana Reynoso, Bastian Schulz, Rune Majlund Vejlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17611
The Effect of Teacher Training and Community Literacy Programming on Teacher and Student Outcome
Feliciano Chimbutane, Naureen Karachiwalla, Catalina Herrera-Almanza, Jessica Leight, Carlos Lauchande
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17503
Training, Automation, and Wages: International Worker-Level Evidence
Oliver Falck, Yuchen Guo, Christina Langer, Valentin Lindlacher, Simon Wiederhold
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17367
AI Adoption and Workplace Training
Samuel Mühlemann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17345
Work Pay, Contractual Changes and Employee Attrition: Evidence from NHS Trainee Doctors
Marco Mello, Giuseppe Moscelli, Ioannis Laliotis, Melisa Sayli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17275
Reducing the Gender Digital Divide Amongst Immigrant Entrepreneurs
Nick Drydakis
published in:G. Meramveliotakis and M. Manioudis (eds). Sustainable Economic Development Perspectives from Political Economy and Economics Pluralism, London: Routledge, 2025, 237-264.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17254
The Impact of Labor Intermediation and Training in High Informality Contexts. Evidence from Paraguay.
Nicolás Campos, Miguel Chalup, Oscar A. Mitnik, Manuel Urquidi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17133
Improving Parental Investments in Children: Experimental Evidence from The Gambia
Moussa Blimpo, Pedro Carneiro, Pamela Jervis Ortiz, Nathalie Lahire, Todd Pugatch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17025
Returns to Education in Australia 2001-2022
Andrew Leigh
published online in: Economic Papers, 22 May 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17006
Proud to Belong: The Impact of Ethics Training on Police Officers in Ghana
Donna Harris, Oana Borcan, Danila Serra, Henry Telli, Bruno Schettini, Stefan Dercon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16919
The Impact of Hiring Costs for Skilled Workers on Apprenticeship Training: A Comparative Study
Manuel Aepli, Samuel Mühlemann, Harald Pfeifer, Jürg Schweri, Felix Wenzelmann, Stefan C. Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16889
Emissions from Military Training: Evidence from Australia
Wang-Sheng Lee, Trang My Tran
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16827
Does High Involvement Management Make You Work Longer? Insights from Linked Survey and Register Data
Petri Böckerman, Alex Bryson, Ilari Ilmakunnas, Pekka Ilmakunnas
forthcoming in: Journal of the Economics of Ageing
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16746
Recessions and the Labor Market Returns to Cognitive and Social Skills
David E. Frisvold, Sun Hyung Kim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16705
The Role of Trainee Selection in the Effectiveness of Vocational Training: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nepal
Shyamal Chowdhury, Syed Hasan, Uttam Sharma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16705
The Role of Trainee Selection in the Effectiveness of Vocational Training: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nepal
Shyamal Chowdhury, Syed Hasan, Uttam Sharma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16705
The Role of Trainee Selection in the Effectiveness of Vocational Training: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nepal
Shyamal Chowdhury, Syed Hasan, Uttam Sharma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16688
Does Dual Vocational Education and Training Pay Off?
Samuel Bentolila, Antonio Cabrales, Marcel Jansen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16687
Automatability of Occupations, Workers' Labor-Market Expectations, and Willingness to Train
Philipp Lergetporer, Katharina Wedel, Katharina Werner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16659
Technological Change and Returns to Training
Roman Klauser, Marcus Tamm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16624
Can Workforce Development Help Us Reach Full Employment?
Harry J. Holzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16537
Job Training and Job Search Assistance Policies in Developing Countries
Eliana Carranza, David McKenzie
published in: Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2024, 38 (1), 221–244
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16398
When Effective Teacher Training Falls Short in the Classroom: Evidence from an Experiment in Primary Schools
Suzanne Bellue, Adrien Bouguen, Marc Gurgand, Valerie Munier, André Tricot
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2024,103,102599
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16296
Can Information and Alternatives to Irregular Migration Reduce "Backway" Migration from The Gambia?
Tijan L. Bah, Catia Batista, Flore Gubert, David McKenzie
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2023, 165, 103153.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16150
Improving Health and Safety in the Informal Sector: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Bangladesh
Asadul Islam, Wang-Sheng Lee, Margaret Triyana, Xing Xia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16062
The Pandemic Push: Digital Technologies and Workforce Adjustments
Christina Gathmann, Christian Kagerl, Laura Pohlan, Duncan H.W. Roth
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102541
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16033
What Works for the Unemployed? Evidence from Quasi-Random Caseworker Assignments
Anders Humlum, Jakob R. Munch, Mette Rasmussen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15964
Does the Closeness of Peers Matter? An Investigation Using Online Training Platform Data and Survey Data
Xin Gu, Haizheng Li
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15936
Advanced Digital Technologies and Investment in Employee Training: Complements or Substitutes?
Giorgio Brunello, Désirée Rückert, Christoph T. Weiss, Patricia Wruuck
forthcoming in: Journal of Human Capital, 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15902
Train Drain? Access to Foreign Workers and Firms' Provision of Training
Maria Esther Oswald-Egg, Michael Siegenthaler
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 85, 102436
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15902
Train Drain? Access to Foreign Workers and Firms' Provision of Training
Maria Esther Oswald-Egg, Michael Siegenthaler
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 85, 102436
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15875
Training in Late Careers: A Structural Approach
Teresa Backhaus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15869
Educational Job Mismatch, Job Satisfaction, On-the-Job Training, and Employee Quit Behavior: A Dynamic Analytical Approach
Le Wen, Sholeh A. Maani, Zhi Dong
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15831
Forecasts: Consumption, Production, and Behavioral Responses
Husnain F. Ahmad, Matthew Gibson, Fatiq Nadeem, Sanval Nasim, Arman Rezaee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15694
IT Skills, Occupation Specificity and Job Separations
Christian Eggenberger, Uschi Backes-Gellner
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2023, 92, 102333
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15687
Education Expansion and High-Skill Job Opportunities for Workers: Does a Rising Tide Lift All Boats?
Tobias Schultheiss, Curdin Pfister, Ann-Sophie Gnehm, Uschi Backes-Gellner
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 82, 102354
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15647
The Role of Within-Occupation Task Changes in Wage Development
Ronald Bachmann, Gökay Demir, Colin P. Green, Arne Uhlendorff
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15343
Corporate Training and Skill Gaps: Did COVID-19 Stem EU Convergence in Training Investments?
Konstantinos Pouliakas, Patricia Wruuck
also available as: European Investment Bank (EIB) Economics Working Papers 2022/07
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15309
Training, Productivity and Wages: Direct Evidence from a Temporary Help Agency
Xinwei Dong, Dean R. Hyslop, Daiji Kawaguchi
published as 'Skill, Productivity, and Wages: Direct Evidence from a Temporary Help Agency' in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2024, 42 (S1), 133-181.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15204
Improving Entrepreneurs' Digital Skills and Firms' Digital Competencies through Business Apps Training: A Study of Small Firms
Nick Drydakis
published in: Sustainability, 2022, 14 (8), 4417.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15174
Misallocation and Inequality
Nezih Guner, Alessandro Ruggieri
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15154
Sources of Wage Growth
Jérôme Adda, Christian Dustmann
published in: Journal of Political Economy, 2023, 131 (2), 456 - 503
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15066
An Impact Assessment of ESF Training Courses for Unemployed in the Province of Bolzano
Francesco Pastore, Marco Pompili
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15043
Managers' Risk Preferences and Firm Training Investments
Marco Caliendo, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Harald Pfeifer, Arne Uhlendorff, Caroline Wehner
published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 161, 104616
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14848
Labour Mobility with Vocational Skill: Australian Demand and Pacific Supply
Satish Chand, Michael A. Clemens
published in: Australian Economic Review, 2023, 56 (4), 462-486
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14793
What Works for Whom? Youth Labour Market Policy in Poland
Karol Madoń, Iga Magda, Marta Palczyńska, Mateusz Smoter
published in: Gospodarka Narodowa / Polish Journal of Economics. 2024, 318 (2), 1-34.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14616
Teenage Conduct Problems: A Lifetime of Disadvantage in the Labour Market?
Sam Parsons, Alex Bryson, Alice Sullivan
published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2024, 78 (1), 60 - 80
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14557
Training Teachers for Diversity Awareness: Impact on School Attendance of Refugee Children
Semih Tumen, Michael Vlassopoulos, Jackline Wahba
published online in: Journal of Human Resources, August 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14435
Outcome Mechanisms for Improved Employment and Earnings through Screened Job Training: Evidence from an RCT
Matthew Baird, John Engberg, Italo A. Gutierrez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14427
Can Information about Jobs Improve the Effectiveness of Vocational Training? Experimental Evidence from India
Bhaskar Chakravorty, Wiji Arulampalam, Apurav Yash Bhatiya, Clement Imbert, Roland Rathelot
This version: April 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14427
Can Information about Jobs Improve the Effectiveness of Vocational Training? Experimental Evidence from India
Bhaskar Chakravorty, Wiji Arulampalam, Apurav Yash Bhatiya, Clement Imbert, Roland Rathelot
This version: April 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14282
Can Older Workers Be Retrained? Canadian Evidence from Worker-Firm Linked Data
Tony Fang, Morley Gunderson, Byron Lee
published in: Relations industrielles/Industrial Relations, 2021, 76 (3), 429-453.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14249
How Do Workers Perceive the Risks from Automation and the Opportunities to Retrain? Evidence from a Survey of Truck Drivers
Daniel W. Shoag, Michael R. Strain, Stan A. Veuger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14153
Employee Training and Firm Performance: Evidence from ESF Grant Applications
Pedro S. Martins
published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 72, 102056
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14109
Should the Federal Government Fund Short-Term Postsecondary Certificate Programs?
Sandy Baum, Harry J. Holzer, Grace Luetmer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14015
Empirical Monte Carlo Evidence on Estimation of Timing-of-Events Models
Stefano Lombardi, Gerard J. van den Berg, Johan Vikström
published in: Econometric Reviews, 2027, 44 (1), 90 - 118
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13846
Side Effects of Labor Market Policies
Marco Caliendo, Robert Mahlstedt, Gerard J. van den Berg, Johan Vikström
published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2023, 125 (2), 339 - 375
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13828
Risk Preferences and Training Investments
Marco Caliendo, Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Cosima Obst, Arne Uhlendorff
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 2023, 205, 668-686
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13789
Assessing Selection Bias in Non-Experimental Estimates of the Returns to Workplace Training
Jan Sauermann, Anders Stenberg
revised version available here
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13730
International Student Enrollments and Selectivity: Evidence from the Optional Practical Training Program
Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Kevin Y. Shih, Huanan Xu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13677
Informational Shocks and Street-Food Safety: A Field Study in Urban India
Gianmarco Daniele, Sulagna Mookerjee, Denni Tommasi
published in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2021, 103 (3), 563-579
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13634
Entrepreneurship Education and Teacher Training in Rwanda
Moussa Blimpo, Todd Pugatch
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2021, 149, 102583
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13499
How the Minimum Wage Affects Training among Apprentices
Kerry L. Papps
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13490
Training, Wages and a Missing School Graduation Cohort
Matthias Dorner, Katja Görlitz
updated version published as 'The impact of a missing school graduation cohort on the training market' in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 103, 102580 (with Elke J. Jahn)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13490
Training, Wages and a Missing School Graduation Cohort
Matthias Dorner, Katja Görlitz
updated version published as 'The impact of a missing school graduation cohort on the training market' in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 103, 102580 (with Elke J. Jahn)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13488
A Signal of (Train)Ability? Grade Repetition and Hiring Chances
Stijn Baert, Matteo Picchio
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021, 188, 867 - 878
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13067
Financing Constraints and Employers' Investment in Training
Giorgio Brunello, Áron Gereben, Christoph T. Weiss, Patricia Wruuck
published as 'Do investments in human and physical capital respond differently to financing constraints?' in: Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 2022, 158, 10(2022)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12981
Employer Provided Training in Europe: Determinants and Obstacles
Giorgio Brunello, Patricia Wruuck
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12960
The Demand for Interns
David A. Jaeger, John M. Nunley, R. Alan Seals Jr., Eric J. Wilbrandt
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 209, 372 - 390
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12913
The Macroeconomics of Automation: Data, Theory, and Policy Analysis
Nir Jaimovich, Itay Saporta-Eksten, Henry E. Siu, Yaniv Yedid-Levi
published in: Journal of Monetary Economics, 2021, 122, 1-16
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12839
Understanding Program Complementarities: Estimating the Dynamic Effects of a Training Program with Multiple Alternatives
Antonio Dalla-Zuanna, Kai Liu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12793
Direct and Indirect Effects of Subsidized Dual Apprenticeships
Bruno Crépon, Patrick Premand
published online in: Review of Economic Studies, rdae094, 10 October 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12777
Training, Human Capital, and Gender Gaps in Entrepreneurial Performance
Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski, Thierry Kangoye, Mona Said
published in: Economic Modelling, 2020, 85, 367-380
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12773
Employment Protection and Firm-Provided Training: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Labour Market Reform
Massimiliano Bratti, Maurizio Conti, Giovanni Sulis
revised version published as 'Employment Protection and Firm-provided Training in Dual Labour Markets' in: Labour Economics, 2021, 69, 101972
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12712
Workplace Unionism, Collective Bargaining and Skill Formation: New Results from Mixed Methods
Fabio Berton, Anna Carreri, Francesco Devicienti, Andrea Ricci
published as 'The collective voice of unions and workplace training in Italy: new insights from mixed methods' in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2023, 61 (3), 595 - 622
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12550
The Effects of Chess Instruction on Academic and Non-Cognitive Outcomes: Field Experimental Evidence from a Developing Country
Asadul Islam, Wang-Sheng Lee, Aaron Nicholas
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2021, 150, 102615
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12511
Immigrants and Workplace Training: Evidence from Canadian Linked Employer Employee Data
Benoit Dostie, Mohsen Javdani
published in: Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy & Society, 2020, 59 (2), 275-315.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12479
Open Labor Markets and Firms’ Substitution between Training Apprentices and Hiring Workers
Manuel Aepli, Andreas Kuhn
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2021, 70, 101979
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12447
Training, Soft Skills and Productivity: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Maria Prada, Graciana Rucci, Sergio Urzua
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12409
Trainspotting: 'Good Jobs', Training and Skilled Immigration
Andrew Mountford, Jonathan Wadsworth
published in: Economica, 2023, 90 (359), 851-881
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12380
Trade and Worker Deskilling
Rui Costa, Swati Dhingra, Stephen Machin
published as 'New Dawn Fades: Trade, Labour and the Brexit Exchange Rate Depreciation' in: Journal of International Economics, 2024,152, 103993
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12325
The Impact of Soft-Skills Training for Entrepreneurs in Jamaica
Diego Ubfal, Irani Arraiz, Diether Beuermann, Michael Frese, Alessandro Maffioli, Daniel Verch
published in: World Development, 2022, 152, 105787
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12310
Wages, Experience and Training of Women over the Lifecycle
Richard Blundell, David Goll, Monica Costa Dias, Costas Meghir
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2021, 39 (S1), S275–S315
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12173
Human Capital Investment under Exit Options: Evidence from a Natural Quasi-Experiment
Satish Chand, Michael A. Clemens
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2023, 163, 103112
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12163
Improving Access and Quality in Early Childhood Development Programs: Experimental Evidence from the Gambia
Moussa Blimpo, Pedro Carneiro, Pamela Jervis, Todd Pugatch
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2020, 70 (4), 1479 – 1529
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12159
Local Norms Describing the Role of the State and the Private Provision of Training
Andreas Kuhn, Jürg Schweri, Stefan C. Wolter
revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 75, 102226
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12159
Local Norms Describing the Role of the State and the Private Provision of Training
Andreas Kuhn, Jürg Schweri, Stefan C. Wolter
revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 75, 102226
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12159
Local Norms Describing the Role of the State and the Private Provision of Training
Andreas Kuhn, Jürg Schweri, Stefan C. Wolter
revised version published in: European Journal of Political Economy, 2022, 75, 102226
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12074
Assessing the Impact of Off- and On-The-Job Training on Employment Outcomes: A Counterfactual Evaluation of the PIPOL Program
Francesco Pastore, Marco Pompili
published in: Evaluation Review, 2020, 44 (2-3), 145-184
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12074
Assessing the Impact of Off- and On-The-Job Training on Employment Outcomes: A Counterfactual Evaluation of the PIPOL Program
Francesco Pastore, Marco Pompili
published in: Evaluation Review, 2020, 44 (2-3), 145-184
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11973
Evaluation of Language Training Programs in Luxembourg Using Principal Stratification
Michela Bia, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes, Andrea Mercatanti
published in: Observational Studies, 2022, 8 (1), 1- 44
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11871
Works Councils, Training and Employee Satisfaction
Lutz Bellmann, Olaf Hübler, Ute Leber
revised version published as 'Works council and training effects on satisfaction' in: Applied Economics Letters, 2019, 26(14), 1177-1181
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