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IZA Discussion Papers

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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising over 14,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics. 

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140 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15904
Explaining Happiness Trends in Europe
Richard A. Easterlin, Kelsey J. O'Connor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15715
Teleworking and Life Satisfaction during COVID-19: The Importance of Family Structure
Claudia Senik, Andrew E. Clark, Conchita D'Ambrosio, Anthony Lepinteur, Carsten Schröder
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15653
Gender, Loneliness and Happiness during COVID-19
Anthony Lepinteur, Andrew E. Clark, Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell, Alan Piper, Carsten Schröder, Conchita D'Ambrosio
published in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2022, 101, 101952
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15360
Occupational Status and Life Satisfaction in the UK: The Miserable Middle?
Yannis Georgellis, Andrew E. Clark, Emmanuel Apergis, Catherine Robinson
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2022, 204, 509-527
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15244
Do Gender, Child, and Parent Characteristics Contribute to Intergenerational Subjective Well-Being Mobility? Evidence from Russia during 1994-2019
Hai-Anh Dang, Kseniya Abanokova
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15182
People versus Machines: The Impact of Being in an Automatable Job on Australian Worker's Mental Health and Life Satisfaction
Grace Lordan, Eliza-Jane Stringer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15140
Are Retirees More Satisfied? Anticipation and Adaptation Effects: A Causal Panel Analysis of German Statutory Insured and Civil Service Pensioners
Joachim Merz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15022
Earmarked Paternity Leave and Well-Being
Pontus Korsgren, Max van Lent
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14870
Time, Income and Subjective Well-Being - 20 Years of Interdependent Multidimensional Polarization in Germany
Joachim Merz, Bettina Scherg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14797
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Well-Being, and Transitions to Post-secondary Education
Malte Sandner, Alexander Patzina, Silke Anger, Sarah Bernhard, Hans Dietrich
published online in: Review of Economics of the Household, 23 September 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14749
The Happy Cultural Omnivore? Exploring the Relationship between Cultural Consumption Patterns and Subjective Well-Being
Enrico Bertacchini, Valentina Bolognesi, Alessandra Venturini, Roberto Zotti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14712
Double-Edged Sword: Persistent Effects of Communism on Life Satisfaction
Vladimir Otrachshenko, Milena Nikolova, Olga Popova
revised version published online in: Journal of Population Economics, 09 January 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14645
Why Does Happiness Respond Differently to an Increase vs. Decrease in Income?
Richard A. Easterlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14638
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health and Subjective Well-Being of Workers: An Event Study Based on High-Frequency Panel Data
Julia Schmidtke, Clemens Hetschko, Ronnie Schöb, Gesine Stephan, Michael Eid, Mario Lawes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14429
Energy Poverty and Subjective Well-Being in China: New Evidence from the China Family Panel Studies
Peng Nie, Qiaoge Li, Alfonso Sousa-Poza
published in: Energy Economics, 2021, 103: 105548.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14352
Effects of Mandatory Military Service on Wages and Other Socioeconomic Outcomes
Patrick A. Puhani, Margret K. Sterrenberg
revised version published online as 'Effects of Mandatory Military and Alternative Community Service on Wages and Other Socioeconomic outcomes' in: Kyklos, 21 March 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14343
Widows' Time, Time Stress and Happiness: Adjusting to Loss
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Michal Myck, Monika Oczkowska
published as 'Widows' Time: Adjusting to Loss' in: Research in Labor Economics, 2023, 50, 369-396
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14258
Measuring National Life Satisfaction with Music
Emmanouil Benetos, Alessandro Ragano, Daniel Sgroi, Anthony Tuckwell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14117
Life Satisfaction, Pro-Activity, and Employment
Alpaslan Akay, Gökhan Karabulut, Levent Yilmaz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13997
Moms' Time - Married or Not
Daniel S. Hamermesh
published in: Jose Alberto Molina (ed.), Mothers in the Labor Market, Springer Publishers, 2022, 1-27.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13923
The Easterlin Paradox
Richard A. Easterlin, Kelsey J. O'Connor
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, first Online: 06 November 2022 (latest version)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13905
How Threatening Are Transformations of Happiness Scales to Subjective Wellbeing Research?
Caspar F. Kaiser, Maarten C.M. Vendrik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13702
The Impact of COVID-19 on Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from Singapore
Terence Chai Cheng, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13510
Does the Dream of Home Ownership Rest upon Biased Beliefs? A Test Based on Predicted and Realized Life Satisfaction
Reto Odermatt, Alois Stutzer
revised version published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2022, 23 (8), 3731-3763
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13166
Feeling Good or Feeling Better?
Alberto Prati, Claudia Senik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13057
Comparing Distributions of Ordinal Data
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: The Stata Journal, 2020, 20 (3), 505–531
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12961
Life Satisfaction of Employees, Labour Market Tightness and Matching Efficiency
Pablo de Pedraza, Martin Guzi, Kea Tijdens
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2020, 42 (3), 341-355 [Online]
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12888
Employment vs. Homestay and the Happiness of Women in the South Caucasus
Karine Torosyan, Norberto Pignatti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12811
Inequality Comparisons with Ordinal Data
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2021, 67 (3), 547- 563 (Open Access)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12810
Better Off? Distributional Comparisons for Ordinal Data about Personal Well-Being
Stephen P. Jenkins
published in: New Zealand Economic Papers, 2020, 54 (3), 211-238 (Open Access)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12720
A Happy Choice: Wellbeing as the Goal of Government
Paul Frijters, Andrew E. Clark, Christian Krekel, Richard Layard
published in: Behavioural Public Policy, 2020, 4(2), 126–165
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12719
Relative Deprivation in Tanzania
Jean-Marc Bédhat Atsebi, Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12695
Trans People, Transitioning, Mental Health, Life and Job Satisfaction
Nick Drydakis
published in: K. F. Zimmermann (Ed.) Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, New York: Springer, First Online: 04 March 2020
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12636
The Effects of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion on Subjective Well-being
Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh
published in: Health Economics, 2022, 31(1), 233-249
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12622
Happiness and Public Policy: A Procedural Perspective
Alois Stutzer
published in: Behavioural Public Policy, 2020, 4 (2), 210-225
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12547
Quantifying the Intangible Impact of the Olympics Using Subjective Well-Being Data
Paul Dolan, Georgios Kavetsos, Christian Krekel, Dimitris Mavridis, Renuka Metcalfe, Claudia Senik, Stefan Szymanski, Nicolas R. Ziebarth
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2019, 177: 104043
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12519
Climbing up Ladders and Sliding down Snakes: An Empirical Assessment of the Effect of Social Mobility on Subjective Wellbeing
Paul Dolan, Grace Lordan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12430
The Causes and Consequences of Early-Adult Unemployment: Evidence from Cohort Data
Andrew E. Clark, Anthony Lepinteur
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2019, 166, 107-124
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12336
Types of Institutions and Well-Being of Self-Employed and Paid Employees in Europe
Michael Fritsch, Alina Sorgner, Michael Wyrwich
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12313
The Effects of Exposure to Air Pollution on Subjective Well-being in China
Xin Zhang, Xi Chen, Xiaobo Zhang
longer version forthcoming in: D.Maddison, K. Rehdanz, H. Welsch (eds.): Handbook on Well-being, Happiness, and the Environment
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12206
The Impact of Bullying Victimisation on Mental Wellbeing
Georgios Marios Chrysanthou, Chrysovalantis Vasilakis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11994
Different Versions of the Easterlin Paradox: New Evidence for European Countries
Caspar F. Kaiser, Maarten C.M. Vendrik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11922
Is Envy Harmful to a Society's Psychological Health and Wellbeing? A Longitudinal Study of 18,000 Adults
Redzo Mujcic, Andrew J. Oswald
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11879
Does Health Insurance Make People Happier? Evidence from Massachusetts' Healthcare Reform
Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh
published as 'Health insurance and subjective well-being: Evidence from two healthcare reforms in the United States' in: Health Economics, 2022, 31 (1), 233-249
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11819
Micro-Entrepreneurship and Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from Rural Bangladesh
Muhammad Faress Bhuiyan, Artjoms Ivlevs
published in: Journal of Business Venturing, 2019, 34 (4), 625-645
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11818
Alternative Values-Based 'Recipes' for Life Satisfaction: German Results with an Australian Replication
Bruce Headey, Gert G. Wagner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11404
The Effect of Relative Concern on Life Satisfaction: Relative Deprivation and Loss Aversion
Martin Leites, Xavier Ramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11226
Retirement and Unexpected Health Shocks
Bénédicte Apouey, Cahit Guven, Claudia Senik
published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2019, 33, 116-123.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11206
Who Got the Brexit Blues? Using a Quasi-Experiment to Show the Effect of Brexit on Subjective Wellbeing in the UK
Nattavudh Powdthavee, Anke C. Plagnol, Paul Frijters, Andrew E. Clark
published in: Economica, 2019, 86 (343), 471-494
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11185
Education, Income and Happiness: Panel Evidence for the UK
Felix FitzRoy, Michael A. Nolan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11181
The Welfare Implications of Addictive Substances: A Longitudinal Study of Life Satisfaction of Drug Users
Julie Moschion, Nattavudh Powdthavee
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2018, 146, 206-221
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11098
Overoptimistic Entrepreneurs: Predicting Wellbeing Consequences of Self-Employment
Reto Odermatt, Nattavudh Powdthavee, Alois Stutzer
revised version published as 'Are Newly Self-Employed Overly Optimistic About Their Future Well-Being?' in: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2021, 95, 101779
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10452
The Great Recession and Life Satisfaction: The Unique Decline for Americans Approaching Retirement Age
John Ifcher, Homa Zarghamee, Amanda Cabacungan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10382
My Baby Takes the Morning Train: Gender Identity, Fairness, and Relative Labor Supply Within Households
Anthony Lepinteur, Sarah Flèche, Nattavudh Powdthavee
published in: Labour Economics, 2020, 65, 101866
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10087
Happy Hosts? International Tourist Arrivals and Residents' Subjective Well-being in Europe
Artjoms Ivlevs
published in: Journal of Travel Research, 2017, 56 (5), 599-612
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10058
Towards a Theory of Life Satisfaction Accounting for Stability, Change and Volatility in 25-Year Life Trajectories in Germany
Bruce Headey, Ruud Muffels
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9840
Wellbeing Evidence for the Assessment of Progress
Paul Anand, Laurence Roope, Andreas Peichl
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9676
Paradox Lost?
Richard A. Easterlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9609
The Dynamic Effect of Disability on Work and Subjective Wellbeing in Australia
Melanie K. Jones, Kostas Mavromaras, Peter J. Sloane, Zhang Wei
published in Oxford Economic Papers, 2018.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9513
Local-Level Immigration and Life Satisfaction: The EU Enlargement Experience in England and Wales
Artjoms Ivlevs, Michail Veliziotis
Published in: Environment and Planning A, 2018, 50(1), 175-193
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9450
Do People Seek to Maximize Their Subjective Well‐Being?
Marc Fleurbaey, Hannes Schwandt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9401
National Well-being Policy and a Weighted Approach to Human Feelings
Gus O'Donnell, Andrew J. Oswald
forthcoming in: Ecological Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9312
Happiness in the Air: How Does a Dirty Sky Affect Subjective Well-being?
Xin Zhang, Xiaobo Zhang, Xi Chen
pubished as 'Happiness in the air: How does a dirty sky affect mental health and subjective well-being?' in: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2017, 85, 81 - 94 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.04.001
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9282
Relative Income and Life Satisfaction of Turkish Immigrants: The Impact of a Collectivistic Culture
Devrim Dumludag, Ozge Gokdemir, Maarten C.M. Vendrik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9252
(Mis-)Predicted Subjective Well-Being Following Life Events
Reto Odermatt, Alois Stutzer
revised version published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2019, 17 (1), 245–283
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9114
Do Employment Protection Reforms Affect Well-Being?
Vanessa Dräger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9055
Life Satisfaction in Germany after Reunification: Additional Insights on the Pattern of Convergence
Christian Pfeifer, Inna Petrunyk
published in: Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), 2016, 236 (2), 217-239
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9017
Happy Moves? Assessing the Link Between Life Satisfaction and Emigration Intentions
Artjoms Ivlevs
published in: Kyklos, 2015, 68(3), 335-356.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8837
Life Satisfaction, Income and Personality
Eugenio Proto, Aldo Rustichini
published in: Journal of Economic Psychology, 2015, 48, 17-32
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8665
Two-way Causation in Life Satisfaction Research: Structural Equation Models with Granger-Causation
Bruce Headey, Ruud Muffels
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8589
Does the Choice of Well-Being Measure Matter Empirically? An Illustration with German Data
Koen Decancq, Dirk Neumann
revised version published in: M. Adler, M. Fleurbaey (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Well-Being and Public Policy, OUP, 2016, 553-587
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8530
Household Finances and Well-Being: An Empirical Analysis of Comparison Effects
Sarah Brown, Daniel Gray
published in: Journal of Economic Psychology, 2016, 53, 17–36
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8435
Happiness and Work
Annabelle Krause-Pilatus
published in: James D. Wright (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd ed., 2015, Vol. 10, Elsevier, Oxord, 515-520
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8238
Are Public Sector Workers Different? Cross-European Evidence from Elderly Workers and Retirees
Mirco Tonin, Michael Vlassopoulos
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 4:11, 2015
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8194
Coresidency, Ethnicity, and Happiness of China's Rural Elders
Rachel Connelly, Michael Iannotti, Margaret Maurer-Fazio, Dandan Zhang
published in: Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2015, 56 (1), 70 - 88
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8136
Attitudes to Income Inequality: Experimental and Survey Evidence
Andrew E. Clark, Conchita D'Ambrosio
published in: A. Atkinson and F. Bourguignon (Eds.): Handbook of Income Distribution, 2A, 2015, 1147-1208
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8127
What Can Life Satisfaction Data Tell Us About Discrimination Against Sexual Minorities? A Structural Equation Model for Australia and the United Kingdom
Nattavudh Powdthavee, Mark Wooden
substantially revised version published as 'Life Satisfaction and Sexual Minorities: Evidence from Australia and the United Kingdom' in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2015, 116, 107-126. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2015.04.012)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7877
Explaining Well-Being over the Life Cycle: A Look at Life Transitions during Young Adulthood
Maggie Switek
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7654
The Emotional Timeline of Unemployment: Anticipation, Reaction, and Adaptation
Christian von Scheve, Frederike Esche, Jürgen Schupp
published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2017, 18(4), 1231-1254.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7604
Unmet Aspirations as an Explanation for the Age U-shape in Human Wellbeing
Hannes Schwandt
Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, February 2016, Vol. 122: 75-87
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7368
The Effects of International Migration on the Well-Being of Native Populations in Europe
William Betz, Nicole B. Simpson
published in: IZA Journal of Migration, 2013, 2:12.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7345
Nominal or Real? The Impact of Regional Price Levels on Satisfaction with Life
Thomas Deckers, Armin Falk, Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch
published in: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 2016, 16, 1337–1358.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7328
How Does Subjective Well-Being Evolve with Age? A Literature Review
Beatriz Fabiola López Ulloa, Valerie Moller, Alfonso Sousa-Poza
published in: Journal of Population Ageing, 2013, 6 (3), 227-246
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7309
Subjective and Objective Indicators of Racial Progress
Betsey Stevenson, Justin Wolfers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7234
Happiness, Growth, and Public Policy
Richard A. Easterlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7196
China's Life Satisfaction, 1990-2010
Richard A. Easterlin, Robson Morgan, Maggie Switek, Fei Wang
published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012, 109 (25), 9775-9780
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7187
Happiness and Economic Growth: The Evidence
Richard A. Easterlin
published in W. Glatzer, L. Camfield, V. Møller, and M. Rojas (eds.): Global Handbook of Quality of Life: Exploration of Well-Being of Nations and Continents, 2015, 283-299
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7177
Smoking Bans, Cigarette Prices and Life Satisfaction
Reto Odermatt, Alois Stutzer
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2015, 44, 176-194
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7105
The New Stylized Facts about Income and Subjective Well-Being
Daniel W. Sacks, Betsey Stevenson, Justin Wolfers
published in: Emotion, 2012, 12(6), 1181-1187 (lead article)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7078
Recent Developments in the Economics of Happiness: A Selective Overview
Alois Stutzer, Bruno S. Frey
published in: Bruno S. Frey and Alois Stutzer (eds.), Recent Developments in the Economics of Happiness, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2013, ix-xxiii
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7033
Estimating the Influence of Life Satisfaction and Positive Affect on Later Income Using Sibling Fixed-Effects
Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Andrew J. Oswald
published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012, 109 (49), 19953-19958
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7016
Internal Migration and Life Satisfaction: Well-Being Effects of Moving as a Young Adult
Maggie Switek
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6944
Parents Transmit Happiness along with Associated Values and Behaviors to Their Children: A Lifelong Happiness Dividend?
Bruce Headey, Ruud Muffels, Gert G. Wagner
published in: Social Indicators Research, 2014, 116(3), 909–933
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6804
Do Higher Childcare Subsidies Improve Parental Well-being? Evidence from Québec's Family Policies
Abel Brodeur, Marie Connolly
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2013, 93, 1-16
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6786
Working Time Preferences, Hours Mismatch and Well-Being of Couples: Are There Spillovers?
Christoph Wunder, Guido Heineck
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2013, 24, 244-252.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6732
Life Satisfaction and Air Quality in Europe
Susana Ferreira, Alpaslan Akay, Finbarr Brereton, Juncal Cuñado, Peter Martinsson, Mirko Moro
published in: Ecological Economics, 2013, 88, 1-10
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6426
Back to Baseline in Britain: Adaptation in the BHPS
Andrew E. Clark, Yannis Georgellis
published in: Economica, 2013, 80 (319), 496–512
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6419
Income Comparisons and Non-Cognitive Skills
Santiago Budría, Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell
forthcoming in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2017
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6101
Work to Live or Live to Work? Unemployment, Happiness, and Culture
Annabelle Krause-Pilatus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5869
Life Satisfaction and Grandparenthood: Evidence from a Nationwide Survey
Nattavudh Powdthavee
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