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IZA Discussion Papers

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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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235 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17954
Contraceptive Concordance
Sarah Vincent, Catalina Herrera-Almanza, S Anukriti, Mahesh Karra
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17842
The Landscape of Self-Employment in India: Trends, Constraints and Policy Prescriptions
Farzana Afridi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17775
Connectivity and Rural Development: Examining India’s Rural Road Construction Scheme
Santosh Kumar, Monica Shandal, Ariel Zucker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17684
Cycles of Malnutrition: Intergenerational Health Transmission in India
Santosh Kumar, Timothy J. Halliday, Bhash Mazumder
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17647
Intergenerational Mobility in Depression and Anxiety in India
Justine Hervé, Subha Mani, Jere R. Behrman, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Arindam Nandi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17530
Pensions and Depression: Gender-Disaggregated Evidence from the Elderly Poor in India
Amanda Guimbeau, Nidhiya Menon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17527
The Political Economy of Privatization of Education: Role of Local Politicians in India
Muneer Kalliyil, Soham Sahoo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17508
Sorting It Out: Contribution-Action Gap in Waste Segregation in Urban India
Ahana Basistha, Nishith Prakash, Raisa Sherif
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17428
Liberalisation, Concentration and Diversification: Business Groups in India, 2000-2020
Simon Commander, Saul Estrin, Naveen Thomas, Varun Lingineni
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17404
Does Restricting Access to Credit Affect Learning Outcomes? Evidence from a Regulatory Shock to Microfinance in India
Muneer Kalliyil, Soham Sahoo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17383
Within-Group Inequality and Caste-Based Crimes in India
Kanishka Bhowmick, Indraneel Dasgupta, Sarmistha Pal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17368
The Demand-Side Story: Structural Change and the Decline in Female Labour Force Participation in India
Ashwini Deshpande, Jitendra Singh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17250
The Cultural Role of Rice Cultivation in Female Workforce Participation in India
Gautam Hazarika
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17105
ICT Skills and Labor Market Outcomes in India: Evidence from Cell Tower Expansion
Mehtabul Azam, M. Shahe Emran, Forhad Shilpi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17083
The Effects of Childhood Immunization Program on Health and Education: Micro-Evidence from India
Santosh Kumar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17053
The Importance of Being Local? Administrative Decentralization and Human Development
Latika Chaudhary, Lakshmi Iyer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17051
The Colonial Legacy in India: How Persistent Are the Effects of Historical Institutions?
Lakshmi Iyer, Coleson Weir
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17037
Crime and Human Capital in India
Smriti Sharma, Naveen Sunder
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16909
Food Coma Is Real: The Effect of Digestive Fatigue on Adolescents' Cognitive Performance
Justine Hervé, Subha Mani, Jere R. Behrman, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Arindam Nandi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16891
Can Crises Affect Citizen Activism? Evidence from a Pandemic
Farzana Afridi, Ahana Basistha, Amrita Dhillon, Danila Serra
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16863
Still Waters Run Deep: Groundwater Contamination and Education Outcomes in India
Khushboo Aggarwal, Rashmi Barua, Marian Vidal-Fernandez
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 100, 102525
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16639
Can Effective Policy Implementation Alter Political Selection? Evidence from Female Legislators in India
S Anukriti, Rossella Calvi, Abhishek Chakravarty
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16601
Barriers or Catalysts? Traditional Institutions and Social Mobility in Rural India
Vegard Iversen, Anustup Kundu, Rahul Lahoti, Kunal Sen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16600
Minimum Wages and Changing Wage Inequality in India
Saloni Khurana, Kanika Mahajan, Kunal Sen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16552
Air Pollution and Time Use: Evidence from India
Jafar Jafarov, Tejendra P. Singh, Soham Sahoo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16484
Does Economic Freedom Moderate Perceived Corruption for Firms in India?
Nabamita Dutta, Saibal Kar, Adam Stivers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16316
Air Pollution and Agricultural Productivity in a Developing Country
Joshua D. Merfeld
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16193
Entitled to Property: How Breaking the Gender Barrier Improves Child Health in India
Md Shahadath Hossain, Plamen Nikolov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16135
Marriage Markets and the Rise of Dowry in India
Gaurav Chiplunkar, Jeffrey Weaver
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2023, 164, 103115
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15948
Women's Work, Social Norms and the Marriage Market
Farzana Afridi, Abhishek Arora, Diva Dhar, Kanika Mahajan
forthcoming in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15938
Intergenerational Persistence of Health: Evidence from India
Santosh Kumar, Bernard Nahlen
published in: Economics Letters, 2023, 224, ^p111023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15842
Does Access to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Reduce Women Household Burden? Evidence from India
Qinghe Su, Mehtabul Azam
published in: Energy Economics, 2023, 119, 106529
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15838
Estimating the Effects of Expanding Ultrasound Use on Sex Selection in India
Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel, Daniel Rosenblum
published in: Journal of Development Studies, 2023, 59 (4), 516-532
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15825
Human Capital and Self-Employment in India: An Empirical Analysis for Different Cohorts
Nabamita Dutta, Saibal Kar, Shaswata Ray
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15822
The Gendered Crisis: Livelihoods and Mental Well-Being in India during COVID-19
Farzana Afridi, Amrita Dhillon, Sanchari Roy
published in: Feminist Economics, 2023, 29 (3), 40–74.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15778
Counting Missing Women – A Reconciliation of the 'Flow Measure' and the 'Stock Measure'
Cara Ebert, Stephan Klasen, Sebastian Vollmer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15508
Childhood Vaccinations and Demographic Transition: Long-Term Evidence from India
Arindam Nandi, Amit Summan, D. Thoai Ngô, David E. Bloom
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15410
Rise of the Indian Middle Class and Its Impact on the Labor Market
Andres Eggimann, Michael Jan Kendzia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15395
Women's Political Representation and Intimate Partner Violence
S Anukriti, Bilge Erten, Priya Mukherjee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15394
Has Gender Bias in Intra-Household Allocation of Education in Rural India Fallen over Time? A Comparison of 1995 and 2017
Sandip Datta, Geeta G. Kingdon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15387
Inequality in Internet Access in India: Implications for Learning during COVID
Sandip Datta, Geeta G. Kingdon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15381
Bring a Friend: Strengthening Women's Social Networks and Reproductive Autonomy in India
S Anukriti, Catalina Herrera-Almanza, Mahesh Karra
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15368
A Shot at Economic Prosperity: Long-Term Effects of India's Childhood Immunization Program on Earnings and Consumption Expenditure
Amit Summan, Arindam Nandi, David E. Bloom
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15278
Do Educated Leaders Affect Economic Development? Evidence from India
Chandan Jain, Shagun Kashyap, Rahul Lahoti, Soham Sahoo
published as 'The impact of educated leaders on economic development: Evidence from India' in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2023, 51 (3), 1068-1093
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15270
Lockdown and Rural Joblessness in India: Gender Inequality in Employment?
Nabamita Dutta, Saibal Kar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15259
When Criminality Begets Crime: The Role of Elected Politicians in India
Nishith Prakash, Soham Sahoo, Deepak Saraswat, Reetika Sindhi
published online in: Journal of Law Economics and Organization, 30 August 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15124
Birth Weight and Cognitive Development during Childhood: Evidence from India
Santosh Kumar, Kaushalendra Kumar, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Arindam Nandi
published in: Economic Papers, 2022, 41 (2), 144 - 175
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15123
Place-Based Policies and Agglomeration Economies: Firm-Level Evidence from Special Economic Zones in India
Holger Görg, Alina Mulyukova
published in: European Economic Review, 2024, 165, 104752
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15120
Time for Clean Energy? Cleaner Fuels and Women's Time in Home Production
Farzana Afridi, Sisir Debnath, Taryn Dinkelman, Komal Sareen
published in: World Bank Economic Review, 2023, 37 (2), 283–304
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15041
Improving Survey Quality Using Paradata: Lessons from the India Working Survey
Deepti Goel, Rosa Abraham, Rahul Lahoti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15002
Updates on Returns to Education in India: Analysis Using PLFS 2018-19 Data
Jie Chen, Sanghamitra Kanjilal-Bhaduri, Francesco Pastore
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14807
Many Rivers to Cross: Social Identity, Cognition and Labour Mobility in Rural India
Sébastien Michiels, Christophe Jalil Nordman, Suneha Seetahul
published in: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2021, 697(1), 66 - 80
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14639
Dropping Out, Being Pushed Out or Can’t Get in? Decoding Declining Labour Force Participation of Indian Women
Ashwini Deshpande, Jitendra Singh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14627
Impacts of Double-Fortified Salt on Anemia and Cognition: Four-Year Follow-up Evidence from a School-Based Nutrition Intervention in India
Liza von Grafenstein, Abhijeet Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Sebastian Vollmer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14624
Land Ceiling Legislations, Land Acquisition and De-industrialisation: Theory and Evidence from the Indian States
Sarmistha Pal, Prabal Roy Chowdhury, Zoya Saher
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14566
Multigenerational Mobility in India
Anustup Kundu, Kunal Sen
published as 'Multigenerational Mobility Among Males in India' in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2023, 69 (2), 395 - 418
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14522
Measuring Performance: Ranking State Success over Two Decades in India
Farzana Afridi, Amrita Dhillon, Arka Roy Chaudhuri, Saattvic
published in: Journal of Asian Economics, 2022, 83, 101550
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14498
Entitled to Property: Inheritance Laws, Female Bargaining Power, and Child Health in India
Md Shahadath Hossain, Plamen Nikolov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14305
Biased Teachers and Gender Gap in Learning Outcomes: Evidence from India
Sonali Rakshit, Soham Sahoo
published in: Journal of Development Economics, 2023, 161, 103041
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14251
Teacher Shortage in India: Myth or Reality? The Fiscal Cost of Surplus Teachers, Fake Enrolment and Absences
Sandip Datta, Geeta G. Kingdon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14250
Gender, Crime and Punishment: Evidence from Women Police Stations in India
Sofia Amaral, Sonia R. Bhalotra, Nishith Prakash
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14230
Class Size and Learning: Has India Spent Too Much on Reducing Class Size?
Sandip Datta, Geeta G. Kingdon
published in: World Bank Economic Review, 2023, 37 (1), 24–48,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14197
Anemia, Diet, and Cognitive Development: Impact of Health Information on Diet Quality and Child Nutrition in Rural India
Marion Krämer, Santosh Kumar, Sebastian Vollmer
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021,190 (C), 495-523
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14173
The Impact of Caste: A Missing Link in the Literature on Stunting in India
Rajesh Ramachandran, Ashwini Deshpande
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14132
Gender Gaps in Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills: Roles of SES and Gender Attitudes
Justine Hervé, Subha Mani, Jere R. Behrman, Arindam Nandi, Anjana Sankhil Lamkang, Ramanan Laxminarayan
published as 'Gender gaps in cognitive and noncognitive skills among adolescents in India' in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2022, 193, 66 - 97
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13967
A Breath of Fresh Air: Raising Awareness for Clean Fuel Adoption
Farzana Afridi, Sisir Debnath, E. Somanathan
published in Journal of Development Economics, 2021, 151, 102675
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13960
The Origins of Cognitive Skills and Non-cognitive Skills: The Long-Term Effect of in-Utero Rainfall Shocks in India
Grace Chang, Marta Favara, Rafael Novella
published in: Economics & Human Biology, 2022, 44, 101089
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13891
The Gender of Debt and Credit: Insights from Rural Tamil Nadu
Isabelle Guérin, Christophe Jalil Nordman, Elena Reboul
published in: World Development, 2021, 146, 105363
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13881
Mining and Gender Gaps in India
Amanda Guimbeau, Xinde James Ji, Nidhiya Menon, Yana van der Meulen Rodgers
published as 'Mining and women’s agency: Evidence on acceptance of domestic violence and shared decision-making in India' in: World Development, 2023, 162, 106135
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13871
The Effect of Manager Gender and Performance Feedback: Experimental Evidence from India
Martin Abel, Daniel Buchman
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2024, 73 (1), 307–338
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13854
Finance, Gender, and Entrepreneurship: India's Informal Sector Firms
Ira N. Gang, Rajesh Raj Natarajan, Kunal Sen
published in: Journal of Development Studies, 2022, 58 (7), 1383-1402
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13847
The Impact of Employment Quotas on the Economic Lives of Disadvantaged Minorities in India
Nishith Prakash
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2020, 180, 494-509
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13815
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Gendered Division of Paid and Unpaid Work: Evidence from India
Ashwini Deshpande
published in: Economia Politica, 2022, 39, 75 - 100
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13760
The Crisis and Job Guarantees in Urban India
Swati Dhingra, Stephen Machin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13711
The Ties That Bind Us: Social Networks and Productivity in the Factory
Farzana Afridi, Amrita Dhillon, Swati Sharma
published in: Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 2024, 228, 470 - 485
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13694
Protecting Girls from Droughts with Social Safety Nets
Jagori Chatterjee, Joshua D. Merfeld
published in: World Development, 2021, 147, 105624
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13550
Occupational Dualism and Intergenerational Educational Mobility in the Rural Economy: Evidence from China and India
M. Shahe Emran, Francisco H. G. Ferreira, Yajing Jiang, Yan Sun
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2023, 21, 743 - 773
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13522
Impact of Pollution from Coal on the Anemic Status of Children and Women: Evidence from India
Gaurav Datt, Pushkar Maitra, Nidhiya Menon, Ranjan Ray, Sagnik Dey, Sourangsu Chowdhury
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13515
Social Identity, Behavior, and Personality: Evidence from India
Utteeyo Dasgupta, Subha Mani, Smriti Sharma, Saurabh Singhal
published in: Journal of Development Studies, 2023, 59 (4), 472 - 489
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13476
Enfranchisement, Political Participation and Political Competition: Evidence from Colonial India
Guilhem Cassan, Lakshmi Iyer, Rinchan Ali Mirza
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13444
Does BMI Predict the Early Spatial Variation and Intensity of COVID-19 in Developing Countries? Evidence from India
Nidhiya Menon
published in: Economics & Human Biology, 2021, 41, 100990
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13405
Here Comes the Rain Again: Productivity Shocks, Educational Investments and Child Work
Christophe Jalil Nordman, Smriti Sharma, Naveen Sunder
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2022, 70 (3), 1041 - 1063
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13295
Cooking Fuel Choice, Indoor Air Quality and Child Mortality in India
Arnab K. Basu, Tsenguunjav Byambasuren, Nancy H. Chau, Neha Khanna
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2024, 222, 240-265
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13215
Welfare Dynamics in India over a Quarter Century: Poverty, Vulnerability, and Mobility during 1987-2012
Hai-Anh H Dang, Peter F. Lanjouw
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13150
The Determinants of Trust: Evidence from Rural South India
Anne Hilger, Christophe Jalil Nordman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12838
The Health Costs of Coal-Fired Power Plants in India
Geoffrey Barrows, Teevrat Garg, Akshaya Jha
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12682
Household Cooking Fuel Choice in India, 2004-2012: A Panel Multinomial Analysis
Ying-Min Kuo, Mehtabul Azam
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12681
Accounting for Differences in Female Labor Force Participation between China and India
Mehtabul Azam, Luyi Han
published in: B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2020, 20(2), 20190302
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12671
Gender Bias in Intra-Household Allocation of Education in India: Has It Fallen over Time?
Sandip Datta, Geeta G. Kingdon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12666
What Determines Women's Labor Supply? The Role of Home Productivity and Social Norms
Farzana Afridi, Monisankar Bishnu, Kanika Mahajan
published in: Journal of Demographic Economics, 2024, 90 (1), 55 - 87
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12627
Hunger and Performance in the Classroom
Farzana Afridi, Bidisha Barooah, Rohini Somanathan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12538
Those Who Can't Sort, Steal: Caste, Occupational Mobility, and Rent-Seeking in Rural India
Nicholas Lawson, Dean Spears
published in: Journal of Demographic Economics, 2021, 87 (1), 107–140.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12505
Measuring Economic Mobility in India Using Noisy Data: A Partial Identification Approach
Hao Li, Daniel L. Millimet, Punarjit Roychowdhury
published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 2023, 186 (1), 84-109
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12289
Birth Order, Fertility, and Child Height in India and Africa
Dean Spears, Diane Coffey, Jere R. Behrman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12288
Neonatal Death in India: Birth Order in a Context of Maternal Undernutrition
Diane Coffey, Dean Spears
published in: Economic Journal, 2021, 131 (638), 2478 - 2507
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12131
Employment Discrimination against Indigenous Peoples in the United States: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Patrick Button, Brigham Walker
published in: Labour Economics, 2020, 65, 101851.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12095
Measuring the Spatial Misallocation of Labor: The Returns to India-Gulf Guest Work in a Natural Experiment
Michael A. Clemens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12065
Changes in Open Defecation in Rural North India: 2014-2018
Aashish Gupta, Nazar Khalid, Devashish Desphande, Payal Hathi, Avani Kapur, Nikhil Srivastav, Sangita Vyas, Dean Spears, Diane Coffey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12016
Touch Thee Not: Group Conflict, Caste Power, and Untouchability in Rural India
Indraneel Dasgupta, Sarmistha Pal
published in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2021, 49 (2), 442-466
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11942
Leveraging Patients' Social Networks to Overcome Tuberculosis Underdetection: A Field Experiment in India
Jessica Goldberg, Mario Macis, Pradeep Chintagunta
published as 'Incentivized Peer Referrals for Tuberculosis Screening: Evidence from India' in: American Economic Review: Applied Economics, 2023, 15 (1), 259 - 291
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