The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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322 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17801
Female Representation and Talent Allocation in Entrepreneurship: The Role of Early Exposure to Entrepreneurs
Mikkel Mertz, Maddalena Ronchi, Viola Salvestrini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17794
Climate Technology Entrepreneurship: A Primer
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17730
(Mis)Pricing in Loans to Businesses Owned by People of Color
William D. Bradford, Chunbei Wang, Magnus Lofstrom, Michael Verchot
short version forthcoming in: American Economics Association Papers & Proceedings
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17672
Long-Term and Lasting Impacts of Personal Initiative Training on Entrepreneurial Success
Francisco Campos, Michael Frese, Leonardo Iacovone, Hillary C. Johnson, David McKenzie, Mona Mensmann
forthcoming in: American Economic Review: Insights
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17577
Neo-Schumpeterian Growth Theory: Missing Entrepreneurs Results in Incomplete Policy Advice
Magnus Henrekson, Dan Johansson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17516
Small Enterprises' Digital Competencies and Financial Performance
Nick Drydakis
forthcoming in: V. Aranitou, A. Angelakis, and M. Manioudis (eds), The Economic Impact of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Analytical Approaches to Growth and Innovation Challenges Amid Crises in Europe, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17321
Business Disruptions Due to Social Vulnerability and Criminal Activities in Urban Areas
Nick Drydakis
published in: Journal of Criminal Justice, 2024, 95, 102293
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17281
Aggregate Implications of Barriers to Female Entrepreneurship
Gaurav Chiplunkar, Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17231
Entrepreneurs: Clueless, Biased, Poor Heuristics, or Bayesian Machines?
Thomas B. Astebro, Frank M. Fossen, Cédric Gutierrez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17231
Entrepreneurs: Clueless, Biased, Poor Heuristics, or Bayesian Machines?
Thomas B. Astebro, Frank M. Fossen, Cédric Gutierrez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17170
The Long Run Gender Origins of Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Australia's Convict History
Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, Simon Chang, Russell Smyth, Trong-Anh Trinh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17158
Entrepreneurship Is Dangerously Obsessed with Growth and Incompatible with Current Visions of a Post-growth Society
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17075
The African Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Index: Conceptual, Methodological and Empirical Flaws and the Way Forward
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17055
Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship
Frank M. Fossen, Trevor McLemore, Alina Sorgner
published in: Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 2024, 20 (8), 781-904
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17055
Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship
Frank M. Fossen, Trevor McLemore, Alina Sorgner
published in: Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 2024, 20 (8), 781-904
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17055
Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship
Frank M. Fossen, Trevor McLemore, Alina Sorgner
published in: Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 2024, 20 (8), 781-904
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17055
Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship
Frank M. Fossen, Trevor McLemore, Alina Sorgner
published in: Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 2024, 20 (8), 781-904
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16950
What Works in Supporting Women-Led Businesses?
Diego Ubfal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16930
Long-Term Effects of Shocks on New Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship
Emilio Congregado, Frank M. Fossen, Nicola Rubino, David Troncoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16930
Long-Term Effects of Shocks on New Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship
Emilio Congregado, Frank M. Fossen, Nicola Rubino, David Troncoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16916
Is the Scholarly Field of Entrepreneurship at Its End?
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16683
Income Taxation and Hours Worked in Different Types of Entrepreneurship
Ege Can, Frank M. Fossen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16679
Access to Digital Finance: Equity Crowdfunding across Countries and Platforms
Saul Estrin, Susanna Khavul, Alexander S. Kritikos, Jonas Löher
published in: PLoS ONE, 2024, 19 (1), e0293292.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16662
Capital Markets, Temporary Migration and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Bangladesh
Laurent Bossavie, Joseph-Simon Goerlach, Çağlar Özden, He Wang
published in: World Development, 2024, 176, 106505
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16534
Are Senior Entrepreneurs Happier than Who? The Role of Income and Health
Michael Fritsch, Alina Sorgner, Michael Wyrwich
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16489
Unintended Consequences of Youth Entrepreneurship Programs: Experimental Evidence from Rwanda
Moussa Blimpo, Todd Pugatch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16487
Bottom-up Policies Trump Top-down Missions
Magnus Henrekson, Mikael Stenkula
published in: Magnus Henrekson, Christian Sandström, and Mikael Stenkula (eds.), Moonshots and the New Industrial Policy, Cham: Springer, 2024, 309–331
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16483
Destructive Digital Entrepreneurship
Wim Naudé
published in: W. Naudé and B. Power (eds.), Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Conflict, Elgar, 2024, 292–328
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16412
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings
Robert W. Fairlie
published in: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2024, 43 (1), 258 - 288
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16408
Is Productive Entrepreneurship Getting Scarcer? A Reflection on the Contemporary Relevance of Baumol's Typology
Maria Minniti, Wim Naudé, Erik Stam
published in: W. Naudé and B. Power (eds.), Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Conflict, Elgar, 2024, 18 - 44
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16319
Air Pollution and Entrepreneurship
Liwen Guo, Zhiming Cheng, Massimiliano Tani, Sarah Cook, Jiaqi Zhao, Xi Chen
published in: China Economic Review, 2025, 89, 102327
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16201
COVID-19 and Entrepreneurship
Alina Sorgner
published in: Zimmermann, K.F. (ed.) Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics. Springer, Cham., 2023.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16145
Prior Work Experience and Entrepreneurship: The Careers of Young Entrepreneurs
Nicolas Gendron-Carrier
forthcoming in: Journal of Labor Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15946
State-Based Conflict and Entrepreneurship: Empirical Evidence
Wim Naudé, Ernesto Amorós, Tilman Brück
published in: W. Naudé and B. Power, Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Conflict, Edward Elgar, 2024, 106–140
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15903
Globalization and Firm Performance
Luis A. V. Catão, Pedro de Faria, António Martins, Miguel Portela
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15848
Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Performance of Start-Ups
Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos, Daniel Rodriguez, Claudia Stier
published in: Small Business Economics, 2023, 61, 1027–1051
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15793
The Influence of Start-up Motivation on Entrepreneurial Performance
Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos, Claudia Stier
published in: Small Business Economics, 2023, 61, 869-889.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15690
Microentrepreneurs' Gender Difference in Labor Demand
Oluwasheyi S. Oladipo, Hyoung Suk Shim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15608
German Financial State Aid during COVID-19 Pandemic: Higher Impact among Digitalized Self-Employed
Irene Bertschek, Jörn Block, Alexander S. Kritikos, Caroline Stiel
published in: Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 2024, 36 (1–2), 76–97
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15607
The Ossified Economy: The Case of Germany, 1870-2020
Wim Naudé, Paula Nagler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15526
COVID-19 and Entrepreneurship Entry and Exit: Opportunity Amidst Adversity
Vladimir Otrachshenko, Olga Popova, Milena Nikolova, Elena Tyurina
published in: Technology in Society, 2022, 71, 102093
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15445
Were Small Businesses More Likely to Permanently Close in the Pandemic?
Robert W. Fairlie, Frank M. Fossen, Reid Johnsen, Gentian Droboniku
revised version published in: Small Business Economics, 2023, 60, 1613-1629
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15344
Hybrid (Solo)Self-Employment and Upskilling: Is Online Platform Work a Path Towards Entrepreneurship?
Konstantinos Pouliakas, Antonio Ranieri
published in: W. Conen and E. Reuter (eds.), Research Handbook on Self-employment and Public Policy, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15216
Are Entrepreneurs Aware of Covered Interest Parity and Dollar Shortage?
Farhad Nariman, Almas Heshmati
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15064
Can Interactive Online Training Make High School Students More Entrepreneurial? Experimental Evidence from Rwanda
Jeanne Lafortune, Todd Pugatch, José Tessada, Diego Ubfal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15037
Caste, Courts and Business
Tanika Chakraborty, Anirban Mukherjee, Sarani Saha, Divya Shukla
published in: Elsevier Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2023, 212, 333-365
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14941
Too Cold to Venture There? January Temperature and Immigrant Self-Employment across the United States
Jun Yeong Lee, John V. Winters
published in: Economic Development Quarterly, 2024, 38 (4), 249-270.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14928
A Procedural Perspective on Academic Spin-off Creation: The Changing Relevance of Academic and Commercial Logics
Uwe Cantner, Philip Doerr, Maximilian Göthner, Matthias Huegel, Martin Kalthaus
published in: Small Business Economics, 2024, 62, 1555–1590
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14894
A Golden Opportunity: The Gold Rush, Entrepreneurship and Culture
Michael Stuetzer, Abel Brodeur, Martin Obschonka, David Audretsch, Peter J. Rentfrow, Jeff Potter, Samuel D. Gosling
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14891
The Cost of Health Insurance and Entry into Entrepreneurship
Frank M. Fossen, Mobarak Hossain, Sankar Mukhopadhyay, Peter Toth
revised version published online in: Small Business Economics, 9 May 2024
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