The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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52 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17164
When Beer Is Safer than Water: Beer Availability and Mortality from Waterborne Illnesses
Francisca M. Antman, James Flynn
forthcoming in: Journal of Development Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16674
Enlightenment Ideals and Belief in Progress in the Run-up to the Industrial Revolution: A Textual Analysis
Ali Almelhem, Murat Iyigun, Austin Kennedy, Jared Rubin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16586
Foreshadowing Mars: Religiosity and Pre-enlightenment Warfare
Luke Barber, Michael Jetter, Tim Krieger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16071
Murphy's Law or Luck of the Irish? Disparate Treatment of the Irish in 19th Century Courts
Anna Bindler, Randi Hjalmarsson, Stephen Machin, Melissa Rubio-Ramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15016
For Want of a Cup: The Rise of Tea in England and the Impact of Water Quality on Mortality
Francisca M. Antman
published online in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 25 January 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14127
Educational, Labor-Market and Intergenerational Consequences of Poor Childhood Health
Krzysztof Karbownik, Anthony Wray
forthcoming in: Journal of Human Resources
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13193
Prussia Disaggregated: The Demography of its Universe of Localities in 1871
Sascha O. Becker, Francesco Cinnirella
published in: Journal of Demographic Economics, 2020, 86(3): 259-290.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12911
Habemus Papam? Polarization and Conflict in the Papal States
Francisco J. Pino, Jordi Vidal-Robert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12729
Proportional Representation, Political Responsiveness and Child Mortality
Christina Gathmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11681
Flowers of Evil? Industrialization and Long Run Development
Raphaël Franck, Oded Galor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11628
Bismarck's Health Insurance and the Mortality Decline
Stefan Bauernschuster, Anastasia Driva, Erik Hornung
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2020, 18 (5), 2561-2607
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11429
The Household Budget Survey in Western Europe, 1795-1965
Ian Gazeley, Rose Holmes, Andrew T. Newell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11355
Inequality among European Working Households, 1890-1960
Ian Gazeley, Rose Holmes, Andrew T. Newell, Kevin Reynolds, Hector Gutierrez Rufrancos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10969
Economic Origins of Cultural Norms: The Case of Animal Husbandry and Bastardy
Christoph Eder, Martin Halla
revised version published in: European Economic Review, 2020, 125, 103421
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10574
On the Measurement of Long-Run Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from Norway, 1875-2013
Rolf Aaberge, Tony Atkinson, Jorgen Heibo Modalsli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10327
Origins and Implications of Family Structure across Italian Provinces in Historical Perspective
Graziella Bertocchi, Monica Bozzano
revised version published in: Claude Diebolt, Auke Rijpma, Sarah Carmichael, Selin Dilli, and Charlotte Störmer (eds.), Cliometrics and the Family: Global Patterns and their Impact on Diverging Development, Ch. 6, Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2019, 121-147
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9945
The Cultural Diffusion of the Fertility Transition: Evidence from Internal Migration in 19th Century France
Guillaume Daudin, Raphaël Franck, Hillel Rapoport
published as 'Can internal migration foster convergence in regional fertility rates? Evidence from 19th Century France' in: Economic Journal, 2019, 129 (620), 1618-1692
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9758
Technology-Skill Complementarity in the Early Phase of Industrialization
Raphaël Franck, Oded Galor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9158
Is Industrialization Conducive to Long-Run Prosperity?
Raphaël Franck, Oded Galor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8531
Stealing to Survive? Crime and Income Shocks in 19th Century France
Vincent Bignon, Eve Caroli, Roberto Galbiati
published as 'Stealing to Survive? Crime and Income Shocks in Nineteenth Century France in: Economic Journal, 2016, 127 (595), 19 - 49
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8347
Family Structure and the Education Gender Gap: Evidence from Italian Provinces
Graziella Bertocchi, Monica Bozzano
revised version published in: CESifo Economic Studies, Special Issue on the Determinants of Gender Gaps, 2015, 61, 263-300
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8128
Health, Height and the Household at the Turn of the 20th Century
Roy E. Bailey, Timothy J. Hatton, Kris Inwood
published in: Economic History Review, 2016, 69(1), 35–53
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8054
Land Reforms, Status and Population Growth
Ulla Lehmijoki, Tapio K. Palokangas
revised version published as 'Landowning, Status and Population Growth' in: E. Moser et al. (eds.), Dynamic Optimization in Environmental Economics, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2014, 315 - 328; extended and more advanced version published as 'Land Reforms and Population Growth' in: Portuguese Economic Journal, 2016, 15, 1-15 (all versions co-authored with Ulla Lehmijoki)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8016
Education Promoted Secularization
Sascha O. Becker, Markus Nagler, Ludger Woessmann
published as ''Education and Religious Participation: City-Level Evidence from Germany's Secularization Period 1890-1930' in: Journal of Economic Growth, 2017, 22 (3), 273-311
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7398
What Did the Old Poor Law Really Accomplish? A Redux
Avner Greif, Murat Iyigun
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7275
The Transformation of Hunger Revisited
Ian Gazeley, Andrew T. Newell, Mintewab Bezabih
published in: Journal of Economic History, 2015, 75(2), 512 - 552
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7224
Women, Medieval Commerce, and the Education Gender Gap
Graziella Bertocchi, Monica Bozzano
revised version published in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 2016, 44, 496-521
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7167
Why Did the Netherlands Develop So Early? The Legacy of the Brethren of the Common Life
I. Semih Akçomak, Dinand Webbink, Bas ter Weel
published in: Economic Journal, 2016, 126 (593), 821-860
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7151
Not the Opium of the People: Income and Secularization in a Panel of Prussian Counties
Sascha O. Becker, Ludger Woessmann
published in: American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings, 2013, 103 (3), 539-544
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6855
The Declines in Infant Mortality and Fertility: Evidence from British Cities in Demographic Transition
Andrew T. Newell, Ian Gazeley
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6829
iPEHD: The ifo Prussian Economic History Database
Sascha O. Becker, Francesco Cinnirella, Erik Hornung, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Historical Methods, 2014, 47(2), 57-66
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5773
Knocking on Heaven's Door? Protestantism and Suicide
Sascha O. Becker, Ludger Woessmann
published as 'Social Cohesion, Religious Beliefs, and the Effect of Protestantism on Suicide 'in: Review of Economics and Statistics, 2018, 100(3), 377-391
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5584
The Empire Is Dead, Long Live the Empire! Long-Run Persistence of Trust and Corruption in the Bureaucracy
Sascha O. Becker, Katrin Boeckh, Christa Hainz, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Economic Journal, 2016, 126 (590), 40-74
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5454
The Role of Marriage in the Causal Pathway from Economic Conditions Early in Life to Mortality
Gerard J. van den Berg, Sumedha Gupta
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2015, 40, 141–158
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4557
The Trade-off between Fertility and Education: Evidence from before the Demographic Transition
Sascha O. Becker, Francesco Cinnirella, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Journal of Economic Growth, 2010, 15 (3), 177–204
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4556
Catch Me If You Can: Education and Catch-up in the Industrial Revolution
Sascha O. Becker, Erik Hornung, Ludger Woessmann
published as 'Education and Catch-up in the Industrial Revolution' in: American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2011, 3 (3), 92-126
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4306
Fertility Decline and the Heights of Children in Britain, 1886-1938
Timothy J. Hatton, Richard M. Martin
published in: Explorations in Economic History, 2010, 47 (4), 505-519
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4209
No Room to Live: Urban Overcrowding in Edwardian Britain
Ian Gazeley, Andrew T. Newell
published as 'Why was urban over-crowding much more severe in Scotland than in the rest of the British Isles? Evidence from the first (1904) official household expenditure survey’ in: European Review of Economic History, 2011, 15 (1), 127-151
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4116
Cultures, Clashes and Peace
Erin K. Fletcher, Murat Iyigun
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4068
The Rise and Fall of the "Normalarbeitsverhältnis" in Germany
Toni Pierenkemper
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3837
Luther and the Girls: Religious Denomination and the Female Education Gap in 19th Century Prussia
Sascha O. Becker, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2008, 110 (4), 777–805
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3635
Being Born Under Adverse Economic Conditions Leads to a Higher Cardiovascular Mortality Rate Later in Life: Evidence Based on Individuals Born at Different Stages of the Business Cycle
Gerard J. van den Berg, Gabriele Doblhammer, Kaare Christensen
published in: Demography, 48(2) 2011, 507-530
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3556
Lessons from the Ottoman Harem (On Ethnicity, Religion and War)
Murat Iyigun
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2013, 61 (4), 693-730
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3408
Qualifying Religion: The Role of Plural Identities for Educational Production
Timo Boppart, Josef Falkinger, Volker Grossmann, Ulrich Woitek, Gabriela Wüthrich
published in: Explorations of Economic History, 2013, 50 (2), 242-266.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3199
Overcrowding in British Cities in 1904
Ian Gazeley, Andrew T. Newell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3123
Long-Run Longevity Effects of a Nutritional Shock Early in Life: The Dutch Potato Famine of 1846–1847
Gerard J. van den Berg, Maarten Lindeboom, France Portrait
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2010, 29 (5), 617-629
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3116
Monotheism (From a Sociopolitical and Economic Perspective)
Murat Iyigun
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3046
Poverty in Britain in 1904: An Early Social Survey Rediscovered
Ian Gazeley, Andrew T. Newell
published as 'Poverty in Edwardian Britain' in: Economic History Review, 2011, 64 (1), 52 - 71
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2886
Was Weber Wrong? A Human Capital Theory of Protestant Economic History
Sascha O. Becker, Ludger Woessmann
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2009, 124(2), 531-596
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2499
The Age of Mass Migration: Economic and Institutional Determinants
Graziella Bertocchi, Chiara Strozzi
revised version published as "International Migration and the Role of Institutions" in: Public Choice, 2008, 137(1), 81-102
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2425
Inequality in Individual Mortality and Economic Conditions Earlier in Life
Gerard J. van den Berg, Maarten Lindeboom, Marta López
published in: Social Science and Medicine, 2009, 69 (9), 1360–1367
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1973
Ottoman Conquests and European Ecclesiastical Pluralism
Murat Iyigun
published as 'Luther & Suleyman' in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2008,123 (4), 1465-1494.
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