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IZA Discussion Papers

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The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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335 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17984
Immigration and Adult Children's Care for Elderly Parents: Evidence from Western Europe
Andrea Berlanda, Elisabetta Lodigiani, Lorenzo Rocco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17967
Spousal Bereavement and Long-Term Care Needs of Older Chinese Adults
Peng Nie, Bin Zhang, Lanlin Ding, Alfonso Sousa-Poza
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17915
COVID-19 and Subjective Well-Being in the United States: Age Matters
Younghwan Song
published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2025, 26, 84 (2025)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17777
Absence of Care Among Community-Living Older Persons with Dementia and Disabilities: A Cross-National Analysis of Population Survey from 22 Countries
Zhuoer Lin, Yuting Qian, Thomas M. Gill, Xiaohui Hou, Heather Allore, Shanquan Chen, Xi Chen
published in: Nature Aging, 2025, 5, 548–557
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17714
Genetic Predictors of Cognitive Decline and Labor Market Exit
Anne Katrine Borgbjerg, Esben Agerbo, Nabanita Datta Gupta, Timothy J. Halliday
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17706
Gifts that Bind
Viola Angelini, Joan Costa-Font, Berkay Ozcan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17642
Public Long-Term Care Insurance and Retirement Intentions of Urban Workers: Evidence from China
Tianli Yang, Zhong Zhao
published online in: Health Economics, 05 May 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17606
Do Stronger Employer Responsibilities Enhance Workplace Accommodation for Sick-Listed Workers? Evidence from a Dutch Reform
Laura Jansen, Viola Angelini, Max Groneck, Raun van Ooijen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17560
Not Just for Kids: Child and Dependent Care Credit Benefits for Adult Care
Gabrielle Pepin, Yulya Truskinovsky
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17530
Pensions and Depression: Gender-Disaggregated Evidence from the Elderly Poor in India
Amanda Guimbeau, Nidhiya Menon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17466
School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognition
Zhuoer Lin, Yi Wang, Thomas M. Gill, Xi Chen
published in: JAMA Network Open, 2025, 8 (1), e2452713
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17384
Youngism: Discrimination and Stereotypes
Vojtech Bartos, Michal Bauer, Jana Cahlíková, Julie Chytilová
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17299
Navigating Unemployment without Unemployment Insurance: Evidence from Singapore
Seonghoon Kim, Lanjie Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17290
Productivity Signals and Disability-Related Hiring Discrimination: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Armenak Antinyan, Ian Burn, Melanie K. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17232
Effects of Health Shocks on Adult Children's Labor Market Outcomes and Well-Being
Eduardo Ramirez Lizardi, Elisabeth Fevang, Knut Røed, Henning Øien
published online in: Health Economics, 25 June 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17225
Age Discrimination, Apprenticeship Training and Hiring: Evidence from a Scenario Experiment
Axana Dalle, Toon Wybo, Stijn Baert, Dieter Verhaest
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17147
Place of Birth and Cognitive Function among Older Americans: Findings from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
Zhuoer Lin, Xi Chen
published in: Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2024, 79 (9), gbae126,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17040
Early-Life Circumstances and Racial Disparities in Cognition for Older Americans: The Importance of Educational Quality and Experiences
Zhuoer Lin, Justin Ye, Heather Allore, Thomas M. Gill, Xi Chen
published as 'Early-Life Circumstances and Racial Disparities in Cognition Among Older Adults in the US' in: JAMA Internal Medicine, 2024, 184 (8), 904-914
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17024
Live Longer and Healthier: Impact of Pension Income for Low-Income Retirees
Chiara Malavasi, Han Ye
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17009
Young versus Old Politicians in Local Politics
Thushyanthan Baskaran, Zohal Hessami, Sebastian Schirner
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2024, 225, 88-106
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16997
Children's Residential Proximity, Spousal Presence and Dementia Risk
Zhuoer Lin, Xuecheng Yin, Becca R. Levy, Yue Yuan, Xi Chen
published as 'Association of Children's Residential Proximity and Spousal Presence with Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment' in: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2024, 32 (10), 1187-1199
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16838
Healthcare Quality and Dementia Risk
José M. Aravena, Xi Chen, Becca R. Levy
published as 'Association between experiencing low healthcare quality and developing dementia' in: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2024, 72 (7), 2126-2132
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16819
Behavioural Responses to Disability Insurance Generosity in a Work-Compatibility Setting
Francesca Zantomio, Michele Belloni, Vincenzo Carrieri, Elena Farina, Irene Simonetti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16804
The Subsidy Trap: Explaining the Unsatisfactory Effectiveness of Hiring Subsidies for the Senior Unemployed
Axana Dalle, Elsy Verhofstadt, Stijn Baert
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2024, 227, 106713
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16764
Childhood Circumstances and Health of American and Chinese Older Adults: A Machine Learning Evaluation of Inequality of Opportunity in Health
Shutong Huo, Derek Feng, Thomas M. Gill, Xi Chen
published in: China CDC Weekly, 2024, 6 (11), 213-218
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16733
Early Life Exposure to the Great Chinese Famine (1959–1961) and the Health of Older Adults in China: A Meta-Analysis (2008–2023)
Chi Shen, Xi Chen
published in: China CDC Weekly, 2024, 6(11), 203-207
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16672
Nothing Really Matters: Evaluating Demand-Side Moderators of Age Discrimination in Hiring
Axana Dalle, Louis Lippens, Stijn Baert
published online in: Social-Economic Review, 27 November 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16620
Unexpected Inheritances and Household Labor Supply: Does the Identity of the Recipient Matter?
Ignacio Belloc, José Alberto Molina, Jorge Velilla
published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2025, 71 (1), e12723
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16615
The "Demise of the Caregiving Daughter"? Gender Employment Gaps and the Use of Formal and Informal Care in Europe
Eric Bonsang, Joan Costa-Font
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16558
How and Why the Gender Pension Gap in Urban China Decreased between 1988 and 2018
Björn Anders Gustafsson, Peng Zhang, Hanrui Jia
published in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2025, 73 (2), 651–678
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16557
Does the Child Penalty Strike Twice, and If So Why?
Mette Gørtz, Sarah Sander, Almudena Sevilla
published as 'Does the Child Penalty Strike Twice?' in: European Economic Review, 2025, 172, 104942
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16545
Occupational Differences in the Effects of Retirement on Hospitalizations for Mental Illness among Female Workers: Evidence from Administrative Data in China
Tianyu Wang, Ruochen Sun, Jody L. Sindelar, Xi Chen
published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2024 , 53, 101367
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16411
The Growing Gap of Unmet Need: Assessing the Demand for, and Supply of, Home-Based Support for Older Adults with Disabilities in 31 Countries
Yuting Qian, Shanquan Chen, Zhuoer Lin, Zexuan Yu, Mengxiao Wang, Xiaohui Hou, Xi Chen
also available as 'Silver Opportunity : Case Studies - The Growing Gap of Unmet Need : Assessing the Demand for, and Supply of, Home-Based Support for Older Adults with Disabilities in Thirty-One Countries', World Bank Report, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16357
Immigration Enforcement and the Institutionalization of Elderly Americans
Abdulmohsen Almuhaisen, Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Delia Furtado
published in: Journal of Health Economoics, 2024, 94, 102859
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16217
Disability, Gender and Hiring Discrimination: A Field Experiment
Vegar Bjørnshagen, Dan-Olof Rooth, Elisabeth Ugreninov
published online in: European Societies, 01 January 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16209
Health and Wellbeing Spillovers of a Partner's Cancer Diagnosis
Viola Angelini, Joan Costa-Font
published in: Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organisation, 2023, 212, 422 - 437
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16165
Patient versus Provider Incentives in Long-Term Care
Martin B. Hackmann, Vincent Pohl, Nicolas R. Ziebarth
published in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2024, 16 (3), 178–218
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16124
Long-Run Consequences of Informal Elderly Care and Implications of Public Long-Term Care Insurance
Thorben Korfhage, Björn Fischer
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2024, 96, 102884
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16116
'Earned, Not Given'? The Effect of Lowering the Full Retirement Age on Retirement Decisions
Mathias Dolls, Carla Krolage
revised version published in: Journal of Public Economics; 2023, 223, 104909
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16100
Disability and Labor Market Performance
Matthias Collischon, Karolin Hiesinger, Laura Pohlan
revised version published online as 'Disability Onset and Labor Market Outcomes ' in: Socio-Economic Review, 10 April 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16073
Happiness in Old Age: The Daughter Connection
Pataporn Sukontamarn, Niaz Asadullah, Nopphawan Photphisutthiphong, Yen Thi Hai Nguyen
published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2023, 24, 1729–1757
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16057
A Poisoned Gift? The Hireability Signals of an Income-Support Program for the Senior Unemployed
Axana Dalle, Philippe Sterkens, Stijn Baert
published in: JODE Journal of Demographic Economics, 2024, 90 (4), 553-588
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16004
Trends in Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Physical Disability and Social Support among U.S. Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment Living Alone, 2000–2018
Shanquan Chen, Huanyu Zhang, Benjamin R. Underwood, Dan Wang, Xi Chen, Rudolf N. Cardinal
published in: Innovation in Aging, 2023, 7 (4), igad028
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15998
The Health-Consumption Effects of Increasing Retirement Age Late in the Game
Eve Caroli, Catherine Pollak, Muriel Roger
published in: Economie et Statistique/Economics and Statistics, 2023, 538, 49-67
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15981
Blowin' in the Wind of an Invisible Killer: Long-Term Exposure to Ozone and Respiratory Mortality in the United States
Ziheng Liu, Xi Chen, Qinan Lu
published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2025, 38, 53 (2025)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15972
Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance
Xin Zhang, Xi Chen, Xiaobo Zhang
published in: Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, 2024, 11 (1), 75–96
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15934
Cognitive Misperception and Chronic Disease Awareness: Evidence from Blood Biomarker Data
Zhuoer Lin, Mingqi Fu, Xi Chen
published as 'Self-perceived memory is negatively associated with chronic disease awareness: Evidence from blood biomarker data' in: SSM - Population Health, 2023, 22, 101361
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15875
Training in Late Careers: A Structural Approach
Teresa Backhaus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15797
The Effects of Employers' Disability and Unemployment Insurance Costs on Benefit Inflows
Tomi Kyyrä, Juha Tuomala
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 85, 102434
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15755
Telework during the Pandemic: Patterns, Challenges, and Opportunities for People with Disabilities
Mason Ameri, Douglas L. Kruse, So Ri Park, Yana van der Meulen Rodgers, Lisa Schur
published in: Disability and Health Journal, 2023, 16 (2), 101406
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