The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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889 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17604
Conspicuous Consumption and Visible Inequality
Ana Ferrer, Francisco M. Gonzalez, Iuliia Nesterova
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17568
Moderation in Higher-Order Earnings Risk? Evidence from German Cohorts
Niklas Isaak, Robin Jessen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17550
The Learning Crisis: Three Years After COVID-19
Tomasz Gajderowicz, Maciej Jakubowski, Alec Kennedy, Christian Christrup, Harry Anthony Patrinos, Rolf Strietholt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17497
Not a Lucky Break? Why and When a Career Hiatus Hijacks Hiring Chances
Liam D'hert, Louis Lippens, Stijn Baert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17485
Climate Change and the Decline of Labor Share
Xincheng Qiu, Masahiro Yoshida
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17476
Heritability in the Labour Market: Evidence from Italian Twins
Sonia Brescianini, Lorenzo Cappellari, Daniele Checchi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17449
Optimal Compensation in Competitive Labor Markets with Heterogeneous Employers and Workers
Samuel Häfner, Niklas Haeusle, Winfried Koeniger, Alexander Braun
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17433
Firm Ownership Control and Management Practices, with an Update on Sub-Saharan Africa
Andrew Dabalen, Saumik Paul
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17412
The Effect of Unconventional Fiscal Policy on Consumption – New Evidence Based on Transactional Data
Winfried Koeniger, Peter Kress
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17361
Consumption Expenditures in Austria & Germany: New Evidence Based on Transactional Data
Winfried Koeniger, Peter Kress, Jonas Lehmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17313
The Returns to Education over Time and the Effect of COVID-19
Harry Anthony Patrinos, Angelica Rivera-Olvera
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17311
The IZA / Fable Swipe Consumption Index
Nikos Askitas, Anoop Bindra Martinez, Fabio Saia Cereda
published online in: Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, 20 September 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17299
Navigating Unemployment without Unemployment Insurance: Evidence from Singapore
Seonghoon Kim, Lanjie Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17276
Impact of Stock Market Manias and Panics on the U.S. Labor Market
Douglas Mwangi Waithaka, Michael Jan Kendzia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17269
Inflation and Wage Expectations of Firms and Employees
Lukas Buchheim, Sebastian Link, Sascha Möhrle
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17213
Trading Places: Mobility Responses of Native and Foreign-Born Adults to the China Trade Shock
David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17211
Directed Search, Wages, and Non-wage Amenities: Evidence from an Online Job Board
Veronica Escudero, Hannah Liepmann, Damian Vergara
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17189
The Illusion of Cyclicality in Entry Wages
Ines Black, Ana Figueiredo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17162
Adjusting Labor along the Intensive MarginS
Jeff E. Biddle, Daniel S. Hamermesh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17153
Business Cycle Turning Points and Local Labour Markets
Karl Taylor, Soumya Bhadury, Jane Binner, Anandadeep Mandal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17141
Unemployment, Inactivity, and Hiring Chances: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Liam D'hert, Stijn Baert, Louis Lippens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17092
How Big Is Small? The Economic Effects of Access to Small Business Subsidies
J. David Brown, Matthew Denes, Ran Duchin, John Hackney
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17079
Why Wages Don't Fall in Jobs with Incomplete Contracts
Marco Fongoni, Daniel Schaefer, Carl Singleton
published online in: Management Science, 29 November 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17049
Wages and Employment in the Netherlands, 2017-2023
Iris Klinker, Bas ter Weel
published in: De Economist, 2024, 172 (3), 233-256
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17039
Coarse Wage-Setting and Behavioral Firms
Germán Reyes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17015
SAFE to Update Inflation Expectations? New Survey Evidence on Euro Area Firms
Ursel Baumann, Annalisa Ferrando, Dimitris Georgarakos, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Timo Reinelt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17001
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Female Labor Force Participation in Iran
Hai-Anh H Dang, Djavad Salehi-Isfahani, Minh N.N. Do
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16938
Meritocracy across Countries
Oriana Bandiera, Ananya Kotia, Ilse Lindenlaub, Christian Moser, Andrea Prat
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16932
The Big Shift in Working Arrangements: Eight Ways Unusual
Steven J. Davis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16930
Long-Term Effects of Shocks on New Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship
Emilio Congregado, Frank M. Fossen, Nicola Rubino, David Troncoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16911
On the Asymmetrical Sensitivity of the Distribution of Real Wages to Business Cycle Fluctuations
Rodrigo Barrela, Eduardo Costa, Pedro Portugal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16896
The Gender Division of Work across Countries
Charles Gottlieb, Cheryl Doss, Douglas Gollin, Markus Poschke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16888
How Cyclical Is the User Cost of Labor?
Marianna Kudlyak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16878
Life-Cycle Worker Flows and Cross-Country Differences in Aggregate Employment
Jonathan Créchet, Etienne Lalé, Linas Tarasonis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16866
Artificial Intelligence Capital and Employment Prospects
Nick Drydakis
published online in: Oxford Economic Papers, 22 March 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16852
Gender Difference in Household Consumption: Some Convergence over Three Decades
Cathal O'Donoghue, Karina Doorley, Denisa Maria Sologon
published in: Economic and Social Review, 2024, 55(3), 357-386
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16826
Intergenerational Mobility and Credit
John Carter Braxton, Nisha Chikhale, Kyle Herkenhoff, Gordon Phillips
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16807
Has Intergenerational Progress Stalled? Income Growth over Five Generations of Americans
Kevin Corinth, Jeff Larrimore
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16777
Let's Roll Back! The Challenging Task of Regulating Temporary Contracts
Davide Fiaschi, Cristina Tealdi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16769
Keeping Up with the Jansens: Causal Peer Effects on Household Spending, Beliefs and Happiness
Maarten van Rooij, Olivier Coibion, Dimitris Georgarakos, Bernardo Candia, Yuriy Gorodnichenko
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16744
Job Security and Liquid Wealth
Ana Figueiredo, Olivier Marie, Agnieszka Markiewicz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16722
Assessing Labor Market Conditions in Canada with Public-Use Microdata
Etienne Lalé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16717
AI Unboxed and Jobs: A Novel Measure and Firm-Level Evidence from Three Countries
Erik Engberg, Holger Görg, Magnus Lodefalk, Farrukh Javed, Martin Längkvist, Natália Pimenta Monteiro, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås, Sarah Schroeder, Aili Tang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16693
The Role of Industries in Rising Inequality
Juraj Briskar, Edoardo di Porto, José V. Rodriguez Mora, Cristina Tealdi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16686
Gender-Specific Application Behavior, Matching, and the Residual Gender Earnings Gap
Benjamin Lochner, Christian Merkl
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16684
The Asymmetric Effect of Wage Floors: A Natural Experiment with a Rising and Falling Minimum Wage
Emiliano Huet-Vaughn, Jon Piqueras
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16671
Does Turnover Inhibit Specialization? Evidence from a Skill Survey in Peru
Andrea Atencio-De-Leon, Munseob Lee, Claudia Macaluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16664
Job Ladder and Wealth Dynamics in General Equilibrium
Leo Kaas, Etienne Lalé, Nawid Siassi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16663
Non-Wage Job Values and Implications for Inequality
Tobias Lehmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16619
Modelling the Distributional Effects of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Turkey and the South Caucasus: A Microsimulation Analysis
Zeynep Gizem Can, Cathal O'Donoghue, Denisa Maria Sologon, Darius Smith, Rosaleen Griffin, Una Murray
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16612
What Explains the Growing Gender Education Gap? The Effects of Parental Background, the Labor Market and the Marriage Market on College Attainment
Zvi Eckstein, Michael P. Keane, Osnat Lifshitz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16603
The Ins and Outs of Selling Houses: Understanding Housing-Market Volatility
L. Rachel Ngai, Kevin D. Sheedy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16589
Economic Sanctions and Informal Employment
Ali Moghaddasi Kelishomi, Roberto Nistico
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102581
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16583
Matching through Search Channels
Carlos Carrillo-Tudela, Leo Kaas, Benjamin Lochner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16542
No Longer Qualified? Changes in the Supply and Demand for Skills within Occupations
Alicia Sasser Modestino, Mary A. Burke, Shahriar Sadighi, Rachel Sederberg, Tomere Stern, Bledi Taska
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16529
Labor Market Power and Development
Tristany Armangué-Jubert, Nezih Guner, Alessandro Ruggieri
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16524
Labor Market News and Expectations about Jobs & Earnings
Bernhard Schmidpeter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16520
On the Origins of Socio-Economic Inequalities: Evidence from Twin Families
Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari, Konstantinos Tatsiramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16512
Downward Rigidity in the Wage for New Hires
Jonathon Hazell, Bledi Taska
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16497
The Within-Country Distribution of Brain Drain and Brain Gain Effects: A Case Study on Senegal
Philippe Bocquier, Narcisse Cha’Ngom, Frédéric Docquier, Joël Machado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16491
Job Creation and Job Destruction in Turkey: 2006 - 2021
Sinem H. Ayhan, Hartmut Lehmann, Selin Pelek
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16484
Does Economic Freedom Moderate Perceived Corruption for Firms in India?
Nabamita Dutta, Saibal Kar, Adam Stivers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16481
Bonus Question: Does Flexible Incentive Pay Dampen Unemployment Dynamics?
Meghana Gaur, John Grigsby, Jonathon Hazell, Abdoulaye Ndiaye
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16467
Labor Market Dynamics with Sorting
Bastian Schulz
published in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2024, 158, 104776
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16436
The Evolution of Work from Home
José María Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16409
The Gender Pay Gap: Micro Sources and Macro Consequences
Iacopo Morchio, Christian Moser
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16400
Macroeconomic Effects of UI Extensions at Short and Long Durations
Miguel Acosta, Andreas I. Mueller, Emi Nakamura, Jón Steinsson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16356
A Multisector Perspective on Wage Stagnation
L. Rachel Ngai, Orhun Sevinc
This version: July 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16351
Sticky Wages on the Layoff Margin
Steven J. Davis, Pawel M. Krolikowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16271
Wage Employment, Unemployment and Self-Employment across Countries
Markus Poschke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16260
Social Gradients in Employment during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Annette Alstadsæter, Bernt Bratsberg, Simen Markussen, Oddbjørn Raaum, Knut Røed
revised version forthcoming in: The Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16222
Selective Migration and Economic Development: A Generalized Approach
Narcisse Cha’Ngom, Christoph Deuster, Frédéric Docquier, Joël Machado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16211
Stimulus through Insurance: The Marginal Propensity to Repay Debt
Gizem Koşar, Davide Melcangi, Laura Pilossoph, David Wiczer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16177
Job Levels and Wages
Christian Bayer, Moritz Kuhn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16062
The Pandemic Push: Digital Technologies and Workforce Adjustments
Christina Gathmann, Christian Kagerl, Laura Pohlan, Duncan H.W. Roth
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 89, 102541
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16043
Africa's Industrialization Prospects: A Fresh Look
Wim Naudé, Fiona Tregenna
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16031
The Impact of a Minimum Wage Increase on Hours Worked: Heterogeneous Effects by Gender and Sector
Paul Redmond, Seamus McGuinness
published in Economica, 2025, 92, (365), 84-106
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16024
The Quality-Adjusted Cyclical Price of Labor
Mark Bils, Marianna Kudlyak, Paulo Lins
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16001
Public-Sector Employment, Wages and Education Decisions
Andri Chassamboulli, Pedro Maia Gomes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15997
Robots and Workers: Evidence from the Netherlands
Daron Acemoglu, Hans R.A. Koster, Ceren Ozgen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15980
Remote Work across Jobs, Companies, and Space
Stephen Hansen, Peter John Lambert, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Raffaella Sadun, Bledi Taska
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15971
Wage-Specific Search Intensity
Silvio Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15955
The Nature of Long-Term Unemployment: Predictability, Heterogeneity and Selection
Andreas I. Mueller, Johannes Spinnewijn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15927
Parental Unemployment and Adolescents' Academic Performance
Nick Drydakis
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2023, 44 (7), 1362-1381.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15896
Geographic Mobility over the Life-Cycle
Antonia Diaz, Álvaro Jáñez, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15875
Training in Late Careers: A Structural Approach
Teresa Backhaus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15872
Job Ladders by Firm Wage and Productivity
Antoine Bertheau, Rune Majlund Vejlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15810
Equilibrium Effects of Payroll Tax Reductions and Optimal Policy Design
Thomas Breda, Luke Haywood, Haomin Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15807
Approaches to Learn about Employer Learning
Mahmut Ablay, Fabian Lange
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15791
Automation and Low-Skill Labor
Katja Mann, Dario Pozzoli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15721
The Puzzle of Educated Unemployment in West Africa
Esther Mirjam Girsberger, Romuald Meango
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15714
Public Employment Agency Reform, Matching Efficiency, and German Unemployment
Christian Merkl, Timo Sauerbier
revised version published in: IMF Economic Review, 2024, 72, 393-440
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15702
Occupational Tasks and Wage Inequality in Germany: A Decomposition Analysis
Miriam Koomen, Uschi Backes-Gellner
published in: Labour Economics, 2022, 79, 102284
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15701
The Price and Employment Response of Firms to the Introduction of Minimum Wages
Sebastian Link
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15699
The Heterogeneous Response of Real Estate Asset Prices to a Global Shock
Sandro Heiniger, Winfried Koeniger, Michael Lechner
revised version published online as 'The heterogeneous response of real estate prices during the Covid-19 pandemic' in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society, 27 August 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15692
Labor Market Effects of Bounds on Domestic Outsourcing
Bruno Jiménez, Silvio Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15680
The Effect of Firm-Level Investment on Inequality and Poverty around the World
Mehmet S. Tosun, Ethan D. Watson, Serhat Yildiz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15669
A Measure of Well-Being Efficiency Based on the World Happiness Report
Francesco Sarracino, Kelsey J. O'Connor
published in: International Productivity Monitor, 2022, 43, 10-40.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15662
Earnings Losses and the Role of the Welfare State during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Sweden
Adrian Adermon, Lisa Laun, Patrik Lind, Martin Olsson, Jan Sauermann, Anna Sjögren
published online in: Review of Income and Wealth, 11 December 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15660
Decent Wage Floors in Europe: Does the Minimum Wage Directive Get It Right?
Henri Haapanala, Ive Marx, Zachary Parolin
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