TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Schneider, Friedrich
AU  - Buehn, Andreas
        TI  - Estimating the Size of the Shadow Economy: Methods, Problems and Open Questions
        PY  - 2016/Mar/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 9820
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp9820
        AB  - This paper presents various methods for estimating the size of the shadow economy and analyzes their strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of the paper is twofold. Firstly, it demonstrates that no ideal method exists to estimate the size and development of the shadow economy. Because of its flexibility, the MIMIC method used to get macro-estimates of the size of the shadow economy is discussed in greater detail. Secondly, the paper focuses on the definition and causal factors of the shadow economy and provides a comparison of the size of the shadow economy using different estimation methods.
        KW  - advantages and disadvantages of the measurement methods
KW  - methods to estimate the shadow economy
KW  - MIMIC approach
KW  - shadow economy estimates
        ER  -