@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp9620,
            	author={Usui, Emiko and Shimizutani, Satoshi and Oshio, Takashi},
            	title={Are Japanese Men of Pensionable Age Underemployed or Overemployed?},
            	year={2015},
	month={Dec},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={9620},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp9620},
	abstract={We investigate how Japanese men aged 60-74 adjust their workforce attachment after beginning to receive a public pension. Men who were employees at age 54 gradually move to part-time work or retire after beginning to receive pension benefits; those who continue working are more likely to be underemployed. Men self-employed at age 54, however, neither retire nor reduce their working hours even after beginning to receive pension benefits; these men are more likely to be overemployed. In contrast, U.S. men retire or move to part-time when they first claim Social Security; those who continue working as employees after Social Security starts are unlikely to be either over- or underemployed. Therefore, unlike U.S. men, Japanese men are not choosing the optimal pensionable age and labor hours to maximize their intertemporal utility.},
	keywords={hours constraints;work hours;pension benefits;Japanese Study on Aging and Retirement (JSTAR);Health and Retirement Study (HRS);Japan},
            }