@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp8570,
            	author={Polachek, Solomon and Zhang, Xu and Zhou, Xing},
            	title={A Biological Basis for the Gender Wage Gap: Fecundity and Age and Educational Hypogamy},
            	year={2014},
	month={Oct},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={8570},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp8570},
	abstract={This paper shows how a shorter fecundity horizon for females (a biological constraint) leads to age and educational disparities between husbands and wives. Empirical support is based on data from a natural experiment commencing before and ending after China's 1980 one-child law. The results indicate that fertility in China declined by about 1.2-1.4 births per woman as a result of China's anti-natalist policies. Concomitantly spousal age and educational differences narrowed by approximately 0.5-1.0 and 1.0-1.6 years respectively.
These decreases in the typical husband's age and educational advantages are important in explaining the division of labor in the home, often given as a cause for the gender wage gap. Indeed, as fertility declined, which has been the historical trend in most developed countries, husband-wife age and educational differences diminished leading to less division of labor in the home and a smaller gender wage disparity. Unlike other models of division of labor in the home which rely on innately endogenous factors, this paper's theory is based on an exogenous biological constraint.},
	keywords={homogamy;husband-wife educational gap;husband-wife age gap;age at marriage;marital patterns;gender wage gap;division of labor in the home;household economics},
            }