TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Dumas, Christelle
AU  - Lefranc, Arnaud
        TI  - "Sex in Marriage is a Divine Gift": For Whom? Evidence from the Manila Contraceptive Ban
        PY  - 2013/Jul/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 7503
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp7503
        AB  - We analyze the tradeoff between child quantity and quality in developing countries by estimating the effect of family size on child education in urban Philippines. To isolate exogenous changes in family size, we exploit a policy shock: in the late 1990s, the mayor of Manila enacted a municipal ban on modern contraceptives. Since other comparable cities in the Manila metropolitan area were not affected by the ban, this allows us to implement a difference-in-difference estimation of the effect of family size. We also exploit the fact that older mothers were less likely to become pregnant during the ban. Our results indicate that the contraceptive ban led to a significant increase in family size. They also provide evidence of a quality-quantity tradeoff: increased family size led to a sizable decrease in school performance.
        KW  - fertility
KW  - family size
KW  - human capital investment
KW  - quantity-quality tradeoff
KW  - Philippines
        ER  -