%0 Report
        %A Chatterji, Aaron K.
%A Chay, Kenneth Y.
%A Fairlie, Robert W.
        %T The Impact of City Contracting Set-Asides on Black Self-Employment and Employment
        %D 2013
        %8 2013 Mar
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 7298
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp7298
        %X In the 1980s, many U.S. cities initiated programs reserving a proportion of government contracts for minority-owned businesses. The staggered introduction of these set-aside programs is used to estimate their impacts on the self-employment and employment rates of African-American men. Black business ownership rates increased significantly after program initiation, with the black-white gap falling three percentage points. The evidence that the racial gap in employment also fell is less clear as it is depends on assumptions about the continuation of pre-existing trends. The black gains were concentrated in industries heavily affected by set-asides and mostly benefited the better educated.
        %K entrepreneurship
%K self-employment
%K race
%K black
%K African-American
%K contracting
%K affirmative action