TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Biavaschi, Costanza
        TI  - The Labor Demand Was Downward Sloping: Disentangling Migrants' Inflows and Outflows, 1929-1957
        PY  - 2012/Nov/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 7049
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp7049
        AB  - This paper studies in- and out-migration from the U.S. during the first half of the twentieth century and assesses how these flows affected state-level labor markets. It shows that out-migration positively impacted the wages of remaining workers, while in-migration had a negative impact. Hence, immigrant arrivals were substitutes of the existing workforce, while out-migration reduced the competitive pressure on labor markets.
        KW  - impact of migration
KW  - migration flows
        ER  -