%0 Report
        %A Biavaschi, Costanza
        %T The Labor Demand Was Downward Sloping: Disentangling Migrants' Inflows and Outflows, 1929-1957
        %D 2012
        %8 2012 Nov
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 7049
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp7049
        %X This paper studies in- and out-migration from the U.S. during the first half of the twentieth century and assesses how these flows affected state-level labor markets. It shows that out-migration positively impacted the wages of remaining workers, while in-migration had a negative impact. Hence, immigrant arrivals were substitutes of the existing workforce, while out-migration reduced the competitive pressure on labor markets.
        %K impact of migration
%K migration flows