@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp6445,
            	author={Biddle, Jeff E. and Hamermesh, Daniel S.},
            	title={Wage Discrimination over the Business Cycle},
            	year={2012},
	month={Mar},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={6445},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp6445},
	abstract={Using CPS data from 1979-2009 we examine how cyclical downturns and industry-specific demand shocks affect wage differentials between white non-Hispanic men and women, Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites, and African-Americans and non-Hispanic whites.  Women's relative earnings are harmed by negative shocks; the wage disadvantage of African-Americans drops with negative shocks, which have slight negative effects on Hispanics' relative wages.  Negative shocks also increase the earnings disadvantage of bad-looking workers. A theory of job search suggests two opposite-signed mechanisms that affect these wage differentials.  It suggests greater absolute effects among job-movers, which is verified using the longitudinal component of the CPS.},
	keywords={race;ethnicity;gender},
            }