TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Binzel, Christine
AU  - Assaad, Ragui
        TI  - Egyptian Men Working Abroad: Labor Supply Responses by the Women Left Behind
        PY  - 2011/Mar/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 5589
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp5589
        AB  - Female labor force participation has remained low in Egypt. This paper examines whether male international migration provides a leeway for women to enter the labor market and/or to increase their labor supply. In line with previous studies, we find a decrease in wage work in both rural and urban areas. However, women living in rural areas and affected by migration are much more likely to be employed in non-wage activities (i.e. unpaid family work) and subsistence work compared to women in non-migrant households. Furthermore, we find evidence that this labor supply response is driven by the household’s need to replace the migrant's labor rather than by a loosening of a financing constraint on family enterprises made possible by the flow of remittances.
        KW  - labor supply
KW  - remittances
KW  - migration
KW  - gender
        ER  -