@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp5496,
            	author={Docquier, Frédéric and Lodigiani, Elisabetta and Rapoport, Hillel and Schiff, Maurice},
            	title={Emigration and Democracy},
            	year={2011},
	month={Feb},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={5496},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp5496},
	abstract={Migration is an important and yet neglected determinant of institutions. The paper documents the channels through which emigration affects home country institutions and considers dynamic-panel regressions for a large sample of developing countries. We find that emigration and human capital both increase democracy and economic freedom. This implies that unskilled (skilled) emigration has a positive (ambiguous) impact on institutional quality. Simulations show an impact of skilled emigration that is generally positive, significant for a few countries in the short run and for many countries in the long run once incentive effects of emigration on human capital formation are accounted for.},
	keywords={brain drain;migration;diaspora effects;democracy;institutions},
            }