@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp3980, author={Heckman, James J. and Urzua, Sergio}, title={Comparing IV with Structural Models: What Simple IV Can and Cannot Identify}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)}, address={Bonn}, type={IZA Discussion Paper}, number={3980}, url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp3980}, abstract={This paper compares the economic questions addressed by instrumental variables estimators with those addressed by structural approaches. We discuss Marschak's Maxim: estimators should be selected on the basis of their ability to answer well-posed economic problems with minimal assumptions. A key identifying assumption that allows structural methods to be more informative than IV can be tested with data and does not have to be imposed.}, keywords={Marschak's Maxim;instrumental variables;structural approaches}, }