@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp3893, author={Koch, Alexander K. and Nafziger, Julia}, title={Self-Regulation through Goal Setting}, year={2008}, month={Dec}, institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)}, address={Bonn}, type={IZA Discussion Paper}, number={3893}, url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp3893}, abstract={Goals are an important source of motivation. But little is known about why and how people set them. We address these questions in a model based on two stylized facts from psychology and behavioral economics: i) Goals serve as reference points for performance. ii) Present-biased preferences create self-control problems. We show how goals permit self-regulation, but also that they are painful self-disciplining devices. Greater self-control problems therefore lead to stronger self-regulation through goals only up to a certain point. For severely present-biased preferences, the required goal for self-regulation is too painful and the individual rather gives up.}, keywords={self-control;time inconsistency;motivation;psychology;goals}, }