TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Constant, Amelie F.
        TI  - Businesswomen in Germany and Their Performance by Ethnicity: It Pays to Be Self-Employed
        PY  - 2008/Aug/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 3644
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp3644
        AB  - In this paper I assert that the entrepreneurial spirit can also exist in salaried jobs. I study the determinants of wages and the labor market success of two kinds of entrepreneurial women in Germany – self-employed and salaried businesswomen – and investigate whether ethnicity is important in these challenging jobs. Employing data from the German Socioeconomic Panel I estimate selection adjusted wage regressions for both types of businesswomen by country of origin. I find that self-employment offers businesswomen a lucrative avenue with higher monetary rewards, albeit for a shorter spell. If salaried businesswomen went into self-employment, they would receive considerably higher wages and for at least 30 years. However, if self-employed businesswomen went into salaried jobs, their wages would decline, suggesting that it is the self-employment sector that offers better opportunities and monetary success. Self-employed women in Germany fare well and most importantly, success does not depend on their ethnicity.
        KW  - immigrants wage differentials
KW  - businesswomen
KW  - entrepreneurship
KW  - self-employment
KW  - economics of minorities
        ER  -