TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Arcia, Gustavo
AU  - Macdonald, Kevin
AU  - Patrinos, Harry Anthony
        TI  - Designing Effective Public-Private Partnerships in Education
        PY  - 2026/Sep/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18972
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18972
        AB  - Publicly funded school choice is examined as a form of education public-private partnership (PPP), with cross-national differences interpreted through institutional design rather than private provision alone. A novel theoretical framework derives two indicators – alignment and coherence – from a formal utility-theoretic model of PPP maturity, applied here for the first time to education. Across seven systems, the results reveal substantial differences in how competition, autonomy, accountability, and information are jointly structured. The findings highlight institutional architecture and complementarity as central to the design of effective education PPPs.
        KW  - school choice
KW  - public-private partnerships (PPPs)
KW  - education vouchers
KW  - competition in education
KW  - autonomy
KW  - accountability
        ER  -