TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Flynn, James
AU  - Stevenson, Amanda
AU  - Yeatman, Sara
AU  - Genadek, Katie R.
AU  - Menken, Jane
AU  - Mollborn, Stefanie
AU  - Root, Leslie
        TI  - The Fertility Reduction Effects of the Colorado Family Planning Initiative by Age and Parity
        PY  - 2026/Aug/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18852
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18852
        AB  - We use birth records from the National Vital Statistics System to document the full age and parity fertility effects of the Colorado Family Planning Initiative (CFPI). Prior work has demonstrated effects on fertility at ages 15-29. We estimate the fertility effect of the CFPI for all age groups (15-44) and for first and non-first births using the synthetic control method. We find large and significant reductions in birth rates for 15-24-year-olds that  line up with other studies, but we find important heterogeneity across parity. For teenagers, we find reductions in first birth rates of 9%, but larger reductions in non-first birth rates of 17-25%. We also find reductions in overall fertility for 20-24 and 25-29-year-olds, but these are entirely driven by reductions of 5-9% in non-first births. For 30-39-year-olds, we find small but significant reductions in fertility of 3-7% across parity levels, and we find a 6% reduction in fertility for 40-44-year-olds. We also conduct inference using synthetic difference-in-differences (SDID) and placebo-based methods. When we do this, our estimates are similar, though confidence intervals are wider, with specifications on older age groups no longer significant.
        KW  - family planning
KW  - long-acting reversible contraception (LARC)
KW  - fertility
        ER  -