@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp18831,
            	author={Fernández-Kranz, Daniel and Fontenay, Sébastien},
            	title={Childhood Exposure to Joint Custody Reforms and Adult Family Formation},
            	year={2026},
	month={Jul},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={18831},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18831},
	abstract={Joint custody reforms are among the most consequential family-law changes for children, yet little is known about their long-term effects. Exploiting staggered adoption across US states and 13 million ACS observations, we show that childhood exposure reduces adult fertility by 7 percent, symmetrically for women and men and operates primarily through lower parenthood and couple formation. Effects are sub-additive within couples, while exposed individuals assortatively match. Our findings point to the formation of family preferences during childhood and align with a US fertility decline increasingly driven by rising childlessness and declining couple formation rather than smaller families among parents.},
	keywords={fertility;joint custody;family law;household behavior;intergenerational transmission},
            }