TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Megalokonomou, Rigissa
AU  - Goncalves, Juliana Silva
AU  - Veldhuizen, Roel van
        TI  - Gender Differences in Self-Promotion and Career Advice
        PY  - 2026/Jul/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18777
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18777
        AB  - We study the role of self-promotion and career advice in sustaining gender differences in labor market outcomes. We conduct a pre-registered experiment in which “advisers” advise  “workers” to attempt either a more or a less ambitious task. We find that women promote themselves less than men and, as a result, are 12 percentage points less likely to be advised to choose the more ambitious task. This gender gap in advice persists across both quantitative and qualitative self-assessments and is robust to variation in advisers' information sets — including when advisers observe workers' actual performance — but is eliminated and even reversed when advisers are informed of the gender gap in self-promotion.
        KW  - advice
KW  - gender
KW  - self-promotion
KW  - randomized experiment
        ER  -