%0 Report
        %A Megalokonomou, Rigissa
%A Goncalves, Juliana Silva
%A Veldhuizen, Roel van
        %T Gender Differences in Self-Promotion and Career Advice
        %D 2026
        %8 2026 Jul
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 18777
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18777
        %X We study the role of self-promotion and career advice in sustaining gender differences in labor market outcomes. We conduct a pre-registered experiment in which “advisers” advise  “workers” to attempt either a more or a less ambitious task. We find that women promote themselves less than men and, as a result, are 12 percentage points less likely to be advised to choose the more ambitious task. This gender gap in advice persists across both quantitative and qualitative self-assessments and is robust to variation in advisers' information sets — including when advisers observe workers' actual performance — but is eliminated and even reversed when advisers are informed of the gender gap in self-promotion.
        %K advice
%K gender
%K self-promotion
%K randomized experiment