@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp18745,
            	author={Cai, Xiaoming and Gautier, Pieter A. and Wolthoff, Ronald P.},
            	title={Platform-Controlled Search  and Distortions in Attention Allocation},
            	year={2026},
	month={Jun},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={18745},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18745},
	abstract={Digital platforms allocate buyer attention across sellers that differ in quality and breadth of appeal. We study a monopoly platform that sets meeting rates between buyers and two seller types --- niche sellers whose high-quality good is valued by a fraction  of buyers and mass-market sellers whose good is valued by all. Sellers compete by posting prices à la Burdett and Judd (1983), so buyer surplus requires competition, while platform revenue requires seller rents. This difference creates a systematic distortion: as search capacity grows, the platform keeps high-quality niche attention just past the point where extra exposure stops creating rents and starts eroding them — its saturation point — and diverts the rest to mass-market sellers.  Applying the model to Amazon product search and Google passage-ranking data indicates that, for captive buyers, both platforms operate past the saturation point.. Allowing buyer participation to respond to the platform's recommendation strategy disciplines the platform and shrinks this loss.},
	keywords={attention allocation;recommendation systems;search frictions;two-sided markets;enshittification of internet},
            }