@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp18670,
            	author={Fatima, Freeha and Ozen, Efsan Nas and Raju, Dhushyanth},
            	title={Cash Transfers and Employment among Syrian Refugees: Evidence from Rule-Based Eligibility in Türkiye},
            	year={2026},
	month={May},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={18670},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18670},
	abstract={We examine whether eligibility for a large-scale humanitarian cash transfer program affects employment outcomes among displaced populations. Exploiting deterministic demographic thresholds governing eligibility for the Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) in Türkiye, a nationwide unconditional cash transfer program established primarily to support Syrian refugees, we implement a local-randomization regression discontinuity design to estimate causal effects at the program’s administrative eligibility frontier. We find no statistically significant discontinuities in employment probabilities for either women or men across multiple employment outcomes, including overall employment, wage employment, full-time employment, and nonfarm employment. Estimated effects are small, economically modest, and stable across specifications. Overall, the findings provide little evidence that sustained unconditional cash transfers under the ESSN generated economically meaningful labor supply disincentives at the eligibility margin.},
	keywords={unconditional cash transfers;refugees;labor supply;social assistance;regression discontinuity;rule-based eligibility},
            }