TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Hadah, Hussain
        TI  - Immigration Enforcement, Sanctuary Cities, and Rising Hispanic Suicide Rates
        PY  - 2026/Apr/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18613
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18613
        AB  - I estimate the causal impact of the US Secure Communities (SC) program, which expanded deportation risk nationwide, on Hispanic suicide rates. Using the staggered county rollout (2008–2013) and a triple difference-in-differences design, I identify heterogeneous effects relative to non-Hispanic Whites. Among adults 34 and older, SC increases suicides by 2 percent, driven entirely by men, who experience a 12 percent rise, while women see declines. Effects are strongest for men 45 and older. I find that local employment conditions likely drive these effects, as lower unemployment mitigates impacts and deaths of despair among Hispanic men rise substantially.
        KW  - immigration enforcement
KW  - sanctuary cities
KW  - rising Hispanic suicide rates
        ER  -