@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp18267,
            	author={Hellsten, Mark and Khanna, Shantanu and Lodefalk, Magnus and Yakymovych, Yaroslav},
            	title={The Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Jobs: Evidence from an AI Subsidy Program},
            	year={2025},
	month={Nov},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={18267},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18267},
	abstract={Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to reshape labor markets, yet causal evidence remains scarce. We exploit a novel Swedish subsidy program that encouraged small and mid-sized firms to adopt AI. Using a synthetic difference-in-differences design comparing awarded and non-awarded firms, we find that AI subsidies led to a sustained increase in job postings over five years, but with no statistically detectable change in employment. This pattern reflects hiring signals concentrated in AI occupations and white-collar roles. Our findings align with task-based models of automation, in which AI adoption reconfigures work and spurs demand for new skills, but hiring frictions and the need for complementary investments delay workforce expansion.},
	keywords={hiring;labor markets;Artificial Intelligence;task content;technological change},
            }